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What are some causes or conditions that might be associated with esophageal strictures? - GERD!!!! (Strictures are often due to scarring from the healing process of ulcerative esophagitis) - esophagitis (ex: eosinophilic esophagitis can cause Schatzki rings) - dysfunctional lower esophageal sphincter - disordered motility - hiatal hernias esophageal strictures (such as esophageal webs and Schatzki rings) have dysphagia more to solids or liquids? SOLIDS (breads, meats) Basic differences between esophageal webs and Schatzki rings (types of esophageal strictures) esophageal webs: - NON circumferential, - located in the MID-UPPER esophagus Schatzki rings: - CIRCUMFERENTIAL - located in the LOWER esophagus (at the squamocolumnar junction) intermittent, nonprogressive dysphagia for solid food that occurs while consuming a heavy meal with meat that was “wolfed down,” hence the pseudonym the “steakhouse syndrome.” Schatzki ring

What medication may be used to facilitate passage of a lower esophageal foreign body prior to endoscopy? Glucagon (it relaxes the esophageal smooth muscle and the lower esophageal sphincter, promoting the spontaneous passage of an impacted food bolus) What is the attached photo showing? esophageal web What is the attached photo showing? Schatzki ring What is the attached imaging study showing? Schatzki ring What is the attached imaging study showing? esophageal web What is Plummer Vinson's syndrome? What is this a risk for the development of and why? PVS = a triad of esophageal webs + dysphagia + iron deficiency anemia (sx like spoon nails, glossitis etc) Risk for development of squamous cell carcinoma in the esophagus (remember that is the one that develops in the UPPER esophagus which is where the webs are)

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