Topic 1
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Grand Canyon University *
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Medicine
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Apr 3, 2024
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Topic 1 DQ 1
The federal and state governments both have roles with policy-making decisions. Within both governments there are three branches that each play a different role. The first branch is the state legislature which helps with passing laws, budgets money for dispensing within the state, and oversees various agencies and programs (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023). The executive branch within the state government is the governor. The governor has power to place regulations that implement state laws. The last branch is the judiciary branch in which will manage trials and appellate courts (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023). Moreover, within the federal government there is the Congress which is known as the lawmaking body. The Congress is made
up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has different roles which include
confirming nominations of public officials and ratify treaties (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023). The House of Representatives have the roles of creating and passing federal laws. Within the state governments, there must be a balanced budget for programs. The state governments are unable to borrow or relocate funds for operating expenses, which is different from the federal government (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023).
Furthermore, committees are within the Congress, and this is where the key decisions are made
as well as where legislative drafting takes place (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023). Committees are made up of members that are focused on certain areas. This allows for members of the Congress to be able to vote on bills that cover a wide range of issues (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023).. There are many different roles of the committees. These include drafting and amending legislation, educating members on issues, working with the president, the president’s administration, and lobbyists to gain support for a bill, hold hearings, and conduct oversights of executive branch departments, agencies, commissions, and programs within their area (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023). The creation of public health policy is influenced by Congress and state legislatures. When a policy or law is created, it is introduced to the House of Representatives or Senate by a representative. Once the policy or law has been introduced, it will be processed through a committee. It will be known as the bill from this point until it is passed as a policy or law. From the committee, it will be reviewed to see if it will be considered. If the bill has passed through the committee, it will be sent back to the House or the Senate. The bill must be passed by both the Senate and the House for it to be implemented. There are circumstances where it is not passed and must go through another set of committees to be reviewed. Once it goes through this committee, the bill can be changed to solve the issue and both branches must vote to pass the amended version (Wilensky & Teitelbaum, 2023). Once the bill is passed by both the branches, the president will be able to use their power to vetoes the bill or passes it as a law. If the president does not use their power to do either of those two things, then the bill can be passed as a law if Congress is still in session within a ten-day grace period. If Congress is not in session than the bill does not pass and does not become a law. Arizona’s current Governor is Katie Hobbs which is Arizona’s 24
th
Governor. She is Arizona’s fifth female governor and is the first Democrat governor since 2009 (Office of Governor). Katie
Hobbs professional background includes social work, serving in the Arizona House for four terms, and Secretary of State. She is currently the first female governor in Arizona that was a previous social worker. Katie Hobbs worked with homeless youth and domestic violence after graduating from college. As Governor, Katie Hobbs utilizes her public service to work on Arizona’s most critical issues which include housing, water security, and economic development (Office of Governor). From a public health standpoint, Katie Hobbs is working effortlessly to address the water crisis in Arizona as well as preserving natural resources. She is working to provide a clean energy economy by securing and modernizing Arizona’s water supply. To succeed, she is looking to investing and upgrading infrastructure and including stakeholders (Office of Governor). She wants to ensure that Arizona is preserving their natural resources, such as forests, parks, and water from the climate change. Furthermore, she is expanding access to care and helping families. From her previous social work and domestic violence advocacy, Katie Hobbs is fighting to protect women’s right to reproductive health care. She believes that a women’s reproductive health should not be a decision based on government or politicians (Office of Governor). With this, she is prioritizing on repealing the draconian 1901 law that will criminalize abortion, expanding access to family planning resources to everyone in Arizona (regardless of income or background), protecting women and medical professionals, and investing in sex education and prevention programs (Office of Governor). Resources
Office of the Arizona Governor. (2023, August 30). https://azgovernor.gov/governor/meet-
governor-katie-hobbs
Wilensky, S. E., & Teitelbaum, J. B. (2023). Essentials of health policy and law (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Topic 1 DQ 2
Interest groups are key stakeholders within the policy-making process. On interest group is the American Medical Association (AMA). This association is a union of doctors and nurses that advocate for policies that protect their members and patients. The AMA has a mission to promote the art and science of medicine and the betterment of public health (AMA). The AMA has a role in the policy-making process as they fight to remove obstacles that can interfere with patient care, and they lead the charge to confront public health crises and help to prevent chronic disease (AMA). The AMA are advocating on both federal state levels in addressing key issues and fight to shape the future of health care by fighting for public policy changes (AMA). Within the AMA, the House of Delegates is the policy-making body. During the 2023 annual meeting, the AMA discussed many issues; however, one issue is the reform of Medicare physician payment system. This policy affects many underserved communities, and the AMA is working to campaign the reform of Medicare payment (Van Way, 2023). This means that those with Medicare will have additional access to many more physicians.
Furthermore, I have not yet worked with policy-making process directly as an individual or through an interest group. I am interested in learning more about policy-making process through an interest group and how they contribute to public health policies as well as how they expect to improve health outcomes for the population. References
American Medical Association. (2024). AMA. https://www.ama-assn.org/ Van Way C. W., 3rd (2023). Report of the American Medical Association Annual Meeting. Missouri Medicine, 120(4), 259–263.
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