HMK 2
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Collin County Community College District *
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2311
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Medicine
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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docx
Pages
5
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Chapter 4:
1)
Document: "Colonial American Medical Treatments" (51-53)
a.
How would modern treatments for these various conditions differ from those outlined
here in 1708?
The modern treatments that we have are different from the ones outlined in 1708
because they would use more natural-based medicine rather than putting different
types of chemicals in the medicine we have today.
b.
What challenges would a physician have in terms of acquiring and maintaining a vast
supply of herbs and other medicinal substances?
Some of the challenges a physician would have been maybe not having the resources
right then and there; they would have to go find that herb. Another thing is maybe
keeping them “fresh” making sure that they don’t go rotten at some point.
c.
Why do you think that physicians would favor treatments that used things commonly
found along the colonial New England coast such as crabs, honey, milk, eggs, and
apples? Was it their effectiveness, or could there be other reasons for focusing on those
treatments?
They probably didn’t have any knowledge of how to really treat it so they went with
natural resources, and they would probably test them out. If it went away, then that
was the treatment, which would mean that it was effective.
2)
Vignette: "Anne Bonny and Mary Read, Female Pirates" (58-60)
a.
How did both women end up being dressed and treated as boys during their
childhoods? Why did each woman end up continuing their male identity through at least
part of their adult life?
Anne Bonny was a young female who had a father who dressed her up as a boy during
her young years. We think he was dressing her up as a boy as a way to protect her.
Mary Read was dressed up as a boy by her mother, it was more so they could get
financial help. They both continued to dress up as men because females didn’t have
the same opportunities as males, they weren’t able to chase after their dreams.
b.
How did Bonny and Read defy the social expectations placed on women during the 18
th
century?
They continued to dress as men, living a life of piracy, and when the authorities were
looking for them they chose to try and escape from that.
c.
After they were caught and put on trial, how did Read and Ronny try to escape the
typical punishment for piracy (execution)?
They both were pregnant and if they were executed, they would be killing the
newborn baby too. So, the Court decided to wait until the babies were born into the
world and then execute them.
Chapter 5:
3)
Document: "The Boston Tea Party" (65-66)
a.
What message were the “Tea Party” protestors trying to communicate by dressing as
Native Americans?
They wanted to symbolize that they were against the British taxation and their
dressing up as Native Americans shows that they are taking away their identity and
rights.
b.
How does the writer of this description of the Boston Tea Party depict the raiders as the
protestors of law and order?
“The standoff culminated in a riad December 16, 1773, conducted by perhaps more
than 100 men, many belonging to a group called The Son of Liberty and some thinly
disguised as Native Americans. The raiders dumped more than 300 chests of tea into
the harbor” (65).
c.
Is there a parallel between the colonists being unrepresented in the British Parliament
yet being subjected to taxes imposed by that body and present-day residents of
Washington D.C. who are subject to federal taxes but are not represented in the United
States Congress? What are some reasons that Washington D.C. might not have seats in
the United States House of Senate?
Yes, there is a parallel between the colonists being unrepresented in the British
Parliament concerning taxation without representation. Although it’s not identical,
Washington D.C. raises concerns about representations. One of the reasons that
Washington D.C. might not have seats in the United States House of Senate is taxation
without representation.
4)
Vignette: "Jupiter Hammond" (70-71)
a.
What role did African-American religion play in encouraging the struggle of slaves for
freedom?
“he built on a tradition begun with African-American spiritual redemption in the
afterlife and the hope for freedom in this world”. (70)
b.
In what way did his status as a slave influence how Hammon discussed human bondage?
His status as a slave influence and human bondage really show throughout his story.
Since he was a slave, he can tell his story about his perspective on slavery. He is also
using his writing skills to express that there should be freedom and justice about
slavery.
c.
How might having a distorted understanding of African culture and history have shaped
Hammon and Wheatley’s view that slavery was part of a divine plan to provide African
American’s path to salvation?
In the story, they talk about being a Christian and having faith. “Hammon
mischaracterized Wheatley’s vie s of her capture as a slave. Like Hammon, Wheatley in
her poem “On Being Brought from Africa to America,” saw slavery as evil but believed
that it served a miraculous purpose in allowing Africans to be Christianized, a step
both thought necessary for eternal salvation” (Hammon 70).
Chapter 6:
5)
Document: "Abigail Adams, Letter to John Adams" (75-76)
a.
What does the quote Adams attributes to Joseph Warren indicate about the
consequences the revolutionary leadership faced in the American Independence?
“On April 18, 1775, he dispatched Paul Revere and William Dawes to alert the towns of
Lexington and Concord that the soldiers from the British garrison in Boston were on
the march to arrest revolutionary leaders Samuel Adams and John Hancock and to
seize weapons” (75).
b.
Did Abigail Adams appear to anticipate a short conflict against the British and to whom
did she compare the Americans?
Yes, Abigail Adams anticipates a short conflict against the British, “Tis expected they
will come out over the Neck to night, and a dreadful Battle must ensue” (76). She also
compared the Americans to the British army, “…to the British Army, the smaller,
inexperienced, and still-forming American Army proved that they could stand their
ground against one of the most powerful militaries in the world” (75).
c.
Why would some see the battle of Bunker Hill as a spiritual victory for the Americans
even if the British defeated the revolution forces on the battlefield and does Adams
seem to share this viewpoint?
“The Battle of Bunker Hill, fought June 17, 1775, resulted in a defeat of the American
Revolutionary forces by the British. However, the skirmish mostly fought on Breed’s
Hill overlooking the city of Boston, represented a moral victory. The American forces
killed approximately 200 British soldiers and injured 800, including a high number of
talented officers. Although they were forced to retreat and surrender control of the
Charlestown Peninsula to the British Army, the smaller, inexperienced, and still-
forming American Army proved that they could stand their ground against one of the
most powerful militaries in the world” (75). Adams shared that there was a “constant
roar of the cannon is so distressing that we can not eat, drink, or sleep. May we be
supported and sustained in the dreadful conflict” (76).
6)
Vignette: "A Nation of Drinkers" (83-84)
a.
What were some reasons that Americans consumed so much alcohol in the late 18th
and early 19th centuries?
The water supplies that they had weren’t always safe to drink and the “farmers
producing the grains alcohol is made from did not always have access to reliable” (84).
b.
What harmful effects did early American leaders fear excessive drinking would pose to
the new nation?
“Leaders of the early Republic feared that alcohol would destroy workplace discipline
and harm the nation economically and lead it to decadence and corruption poisoning
European nations” (84).
c.
What health benefits did 18th-century Americans think alcohol provided?
They believed that alcohol could heal any illness like fevers, aches, or frostbite. But it is
really amazing that they thought it also cured tension and depression as alcohol is
really for running away from how you truly feel.
Chapter 7:
7)
Vignette: "Confronting the Horrors of Slavery" (98-100)
a.
Why would slave narratives play an important role in the debate over abolition?
“The Interesting Narrative, the first detailed slave narrative in American history and
the first to describe the slave trade from the slaves’ perspective marks an important
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moment in the evolution of African-American literature in the United States. The book
provided rhetorical ammunition for abolitionists as Congress in 1794 passed the Slave
Trade Act that prohibited American ships from transporting slaves intended for sale to
other countries and New York in 1799 passed its gradual emancipation act that freed
the offspring of adult slaves and provided for freedom for all slaves in the state by
1827” (99).
b.
What racial stereotype types might make white audiences reluctant to accept the details
of slave narratives in the 18th and 19th centuries?
Some of them may have not even realized that their enslavers were mistreating the
African Americans. They could’ve been scared that they would rise up in the situation
and take power, so they dehumanized them.
c.
Do modern deceptions of slavery, such as fictional films like Django Unchained and
movies based on non-fiction sources like Twelve Years a Salve, help relations today?
Yes, it raises acknowledgment of slavery, but it could also lead to discussion with
others and talk about how the life story was changing. It helps us as humans to know
what to do to make the United States better than it has ever been before since we
have the knowledge and technology.
Chapter 8:
8)
Document: "Kentucky Resolution of 1799" (110-111)
a.
What does the document say about the constitutionality of the Alien and sedition acts?
Explain.
“The representative of the good people of this commonwealth in general assembly
convened, having maturely considered the answers of sundry states in the Union, to
their resolutions passed at the last session, respecting certain unconstitutional laws of
Congress, commonly called the alien and sedition laws, would be faithless indeed to
themselves, and to those they represent, were they silently to acquiesce in principles
and doctrines attempted to be maintained in all those answers, that of Virginia only
expected” (110).
b.
In Jefferson’s original writing, the resolution called for the nullification of the Alien and
sedition acts. What does the final result say about nullification?
“That although this commonwealth as a party to the federal compact; will bow to the
laws of the Union, yet it does at the same time declare, that it will not now, nor ever
hereafter, cease to oppose in a constitutional manner, every attempt from what
quarter soever offered, to violate that compact” (111).
c.
What problems might nullification pose for the future of the United States?
“That this commonwealth does upon the most deliberate reconsideration declare, that
the said alien and sedition laws, are in their opinion, palpable violations of the said
constitution; and however cheerfully it may be disposed to surrender its opinion to a
majority of its sister states in matters of ordinary or doubtful policy” (111).