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Feb 20, 2024
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Pharmacology and Medical Therapeutics 2
Week 6
Objectives:
Review the clinical uses of various respiratory drugs including expectorants, antihistamines, mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, and decongestants.
Apply your knowledge of respiratory drugs to medications utilized in your veterinary hospital.
Complete Exam 1
Week 6, Part 1: Drugs Used in the Respiratory System
Reading Assignment: Applied Pharmacology
, by Wanamaker, p. 102-110.
There are many different types of drugs that affect and work within the respiratory system. The focus for this week will be the veterinary drugs directly affecting the respiratory system. Antibiotics used in treatment of respiratory infections and other agents used to relieve respiratory stress related to the cardiovascular system will be discussed during future assignments.
1)
Following diagnosis, what are the 3 general goals for the treatment of respiratory disease?
2)
What is nebulization or aerosolization? How does it work and why might it be selected as part of a respiratory treatment or therapy?
3)
What types of drugs may be administered by aerosolization?
VETT 133 Week 6
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4)
Compare and contrast productive vs. non-productive coughs. When should a cough suppressant not be used? Why?
5)
What are expectorants? When are they indicated? How do they work?
6)
How do mucolytics work? List an example of a product that is a mucolytic.
7)
What is an antitussive? What type of response do they produce? 8)
How are antitussives classified? Are they similar or different? How?
9)
When a combination respiratory product is used for cats, why is it important to check and make sure that product does not contain acetaminophen?
VETT 133 Week 6
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10) Compare and contrast bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction. Can one of these create more problems for our patients over the other?
11) What mechanisms may trigger bronchoconstriction?
12) Which 4 classes or categories of drugs may be used to treat bronchoconstriction through bronchodilation?
13) How will cholinergic blockers produce bronchodilation? List examples of cholinergic blocking agents.
14) How do beta
2
-adrenergic agonists work to provide bronchodilation? List examples of drugs that are beta
2
-adrenergic agonists.
VETT 133 Week 6
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15) Methylxanthine derivatives are also used in respiratory therapy. How do they work to provide bronchodilation? Provide examples of these drugs.
16) Why should additional precautions be taken when administering theophylline?
17) What are decongestants? How do they work to provide respiratory relief?
18) Decongestants may be administered to patients by which routes? Provide examples of decongestants that may be used to treat veterinary patients.
19) What are antihistamines? How do they work? 20) What types of respiratory conditions may be treated with antihistamines?
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21) Provide examples of antihistamines that may be used to treat veterinary patients.
22) The corticosteroid drug class may be used to treat several conditions. What types of respiratory conditions is this class used to treat in veterinary patients?
23) How do corticosteroids work to improve or treat respiratory conditions? List examples and dosage forms of corticosteroids used for respiratory conditions. 24) Complete Review Questions 4-30 on pp. 110-112 in the Applied Pharmacology
textbook.
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VETT 133: Week 6, Part 2 – Written Assignment
Upon completion of the reading assignment in Part 1, you will be prepared to apply your knowledge of drugs that are used for various reasons in the respiratory system.
Step 1:
Review the drugs in your hospital pharmacy that affect or are used in treatment of the respiratory system. Step 2:
Select 5
of these pharmaceuticals to work with for this assignment. (If your hospital pharmacy does not have 5 drugs used in the respiratory system, have your Preceptor make a note on your assignment and research the remaining drugs from Veterinary Drug handbooks, the internet, your textbook, etc. Regardless of the number of respiratory drugs in your hospital, you should still have 5 listed for your assignment.) Step 3:
For each drug listed, include the following information:
Drug name
. List the generic name and trade name(s) of the drug, if applicable. (i.e. Diphenhydramine is the drug name for the product Benedryl. Focus on the drug name as the label name may be different for generic forms of the drug)
Drug class
. For example, diphenhydramine is an antihistamine.
Application and Clinical Use
. In your own words, discuss 3
specific properties of that drug that make it unique, special, or especially indicated for management of respiratory conditions or diseases. Make sure you include how this drug may physiologically affect the body system of the patient to create the response in the patient to treat the condition. (Example: What does
it do? How does it work? How will it physiologically affect this body system
of the patient?)
Adverse Drug Reactions or Precautions
. As some medications are contraindicated for some species or conditions, may not be used in combination with certain medications, or may be toxic to humans administering and handling a medication, it is important to look at this information. Adverse drug reactions or special precautions should be listed for each drug.
Submit this assignment to your course instructor by the week 6 assignment due date through the Week 6 Drop Box located with your Week 6 Module in your course website. VETT 133 Week 6
6
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VETT 133 – Week 6, Part 3: Exam 1
In preparation for Exam 1, please review assignments and material covered during weeks 1 – 5. The exam is available and posted on your course website. This exam will only be available for a limited amount of time, so please make sure that you complete the exam by the Week 6 assignment due date.
VETT 133 – Week 6, Additional Resources
The Merck Veterinary Manual – Therapeutics of the Respiratory System
http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/toc_190900.htm
Veterinary Respiratory Pathophysiology
http://ocw.tufts.edu/Content/27/imagegallery/367409
University of Minnesota Veterinary Formulary
http://www.ahc.umn.edu/rar/umnuser/formulary.html
VETT 133 - Week 6, Conclusion
This concludes Week 6 assignments for Pharmacy and Medical Therapeutics 2. The following should be completed by the Week 6 assignment due date:
Complete all sections of the weekly lesson and review any written assignments with your preceptor.
Submit the completed Week 6, Part 2 assignment to your Course Instructor through the Assignment Drop Box located in the Week 6 Module in your course website.
Complete Exam #1, located with the Week 6 assignments in your course website.
If you have any questions regarding any of the assignments are information presented
during this week, please contact your course instructor.
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