Veterinary Anesthesia Study Guide: Key Questions & Concepts

VETT 214: Quiz 8 Study Guide 1. After surgery on a 4-year-old Scottish Terrier dog, the technician turns off the anesthetic vaporizer. What would be the most appropriate next step to take? 2. A dog that is susceptible to hypoglycemia should not be fasted for more than ___ before anesthesia. 3. How can an anesthetic agent be ultimately influenced by hypothermia? 4. An intubated patient is recovering slowly from anesthesia. What would be a possible strategy for helping the patient awaken?

5. A postsurgical patient is hypoglycemic, and the veterinarian orders immediate administration of dextrose. What would be the preferred route of administration? 6. A patient with chronic liver disease is scheduled to undergo surgery with general anesthesia. What should be included in a preanesthetic coagulation profile? 7. A Doberman Pinscher dog with von Willebrand’s disease develops a coagulation problem during surgery and is hemorrhaging internally. The veterinarian decides to reanesthetize the patient and “go back in” to find the bleeding vessel. Which blood or fluid product is specific to von Willebrand’s disease in responding to this problem? 8. A technician pulls out a postsurgical patient’s ET tube. Soon after, however, the technician notices that the dog’s mucous membranes are turning blue. What complication does this most likely indicate?

9. After thoracic surgery, a Border Collie dog experiences dehiscence in all layers of the closure. Which is the greatest risk this patient faces as a result? 10. After surgery on a 3-year-old Manx cat, the technician takes the animal to the recovery cage. What would be the most appropriate next steps? 11. It is most appropriate for the veterinary technician to delay extubation after surgery on which patients until the animal can lift its head by itself? 12. The postanesthesia patient is most likely to be considered recovered until what occurs? 13. A 2-year-old German Shorthaired Pointer dog is in the recovery cage after surgery, and the body temperature is being monitored. It becomes imperative that the technician take corrective action if the dog’s body temperature registers at what temperature? 14. Which area of the body is a core zone region for thermal receptors?

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15. What problems can hypothermia can cause in a patient? 16. Decreased hepatic metabolism can result in what physiological and anesthetic related parameters? 17. Which means of generating body heat is unavailable in the anesthetized patient? 18. Which changes in the body most clearly represents Stage 1 heat loss? 19. Rewarming should be considered when hypothermic patients have a body temperature less than what?

20. Which of the patients are, and are not, at increased risk for post- anesthesia hypothermia? 21. A patient in a post-surgery recovery cage is hypothermic. What is the first and best step the veterinary technician can take? 22. A 7-year-old cat is in the recovery cage after surgery and is thrashing about, crying out, and paddling all four limbs. What is the first thing you should always consider? 23. Which animals should be given reduced concentrations of anesthetic agents during surgery? 24. A 2-year-old mixed-breed dog is having trouble recovering from anesthesia. The veterinary technician has rubbed and massaged the animal and manually ventilated with pure oxygen. Which therapeutic measures would, and would not, be recommended in this scenario?

25. In the recovery cage, a 3-year-old female Skye Terrier dog is bleeding from her surgical site. What is the most appropriate next step for the veterinary technician to take? 26. In the recovery cage, a 3-year-old female Skye Terrier dog is bleeding from her surgical site. The surgeon is concerned about internal bleeding. In addition to pale mucous membranes, swelling at the surgical site, and rapid respirations, what would be the other signs that this dog has internal hemorrhage? 27. In the recovery cage, a 3-year-old female Skye Terrier dog is bleeding from her surgical site. If the veterinary team cannot correct this hemorrhaging event, what would be the most likely outcome for this dog? 28. Which factor(s) can hinder the accuracy of oscillometric measurements?

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29. A 10-month-old Domestic Shorthaired cat was given pain medication after surgery, was very active in the recovery cage, and ate well and drank water within 24 hours of the procedure. A seroma has developed under the skin at the surgical wound site. What would be the most likely cause of this finding? 30. A 10-month-old Domestic Shorthaired cat has a lump at its wound site 24 hours after surgery. Aspirate from the mass is straw colored. What is the most likely cause of this mass? 31. A veterinary technician is giving postoperative instructions to a client who is taking home her dog from the clinic. It is most appropriate to warn the client that doing what would most likely to cause postoperative dehiscence? 32. After surgery, a patient’s platelets release growth factors. Which phase of wound healing is this animal most likely experiencing? 33. A few days after surgery, fibroblasts and granular tissue invade a wound site. Which phase of wound healing is this animal most likely experiencing?

34. Five dogs underwent the exact same surgery today. Given the particulars of each patient, which animal would be the most likely to heal the quickest? 35. During an enterotomy on a dog that has just been hit by a motorcycle, intestinal contents leak into the peritoneum. This would be classified as what? 36. Which surgical tool or process tends to cause the least post-surgical inflammation, infection, or necrosis? 37. A man brings to the clinic a dog he found by the side of the road. The animal is malnourished, markedly dehydrated, and frightened. Examination shows an active infection with purulent exudate in a laceration on the dog’s right flank. The wound has started to heal over, and the veterinarian thinks the animal sustained the wound 2 days ago. What would be the most likely wound classification? 38. A surgical wound is most likely to be classified as what type of wound?

39. A race track veterinarian is in the paddock when a horse gores itself on a pitch fork mistakenly left in its stall. The veterinarian immediately examines the wound. What would be the most likely wound classification? 40. A veterinary technician has accompanied a veterinarian to inspect the animals at a pig farm. Soon after the team arrives at the farm, a farmhand reports that a pig has lacerated its limb on a broken fence. The veterinary team finds the pig. What would be the most appropriate first step in this situation? 41. Which lavage solutions are not sterile and therefore should be used only on external wounds that do not penetrate the body cavity? 42. A 4-year-old dog is undergoing surgical débridement. What must occur before the veterinary technician knows the procedure is complete? 43. A client brings her cat for follow-up examination 10 days after surgery. The cat is healing well but still needs wound dressing that is impermeable to air to produce a moist environment that does not adhere to the wound. What would be the most appropriate type of wound dressing for this patient?

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44. The veterinarian wants fluid and gas to leave a surgical patient’s wound during the next several days. What would the veterinarian most likely to ask the technician to bring to the procedure? 45. A Lab mix dog has had thoracic and pelvic surgery after an impact injury and will need passive drainage for fluid and gas to leave the cavity created in the hypodermic space created by the wound. What would be the best passive drain for this patient? 46. Before a post-surgical patient’s dressing change, the veterinarian orders an occlusive dressing. Which dressing(s) will the veterinary technician most likely to use? 47. A veterinary team is called to a ranch after the rancher found a cow that had been lost for the past week. The cow is down and has a severely contaminated wound on the neck; the wound most likely was caused by the bite of a canine. Examination shows granulation tissue has begun to form in

and around the wound. Which o methodologies for wound closure is most appropriate to treat this cow? 48. A veterinary team is called to a ranch after the rancher found a cow that had been lost since yesterday. The cow is down and has an infected wound on the neck most likely caused by the bite of a canine. Examination shows the wound is moderately contaminated with field dirt. Granulation tissue has not yet begun to form. Which methodologies for wound closure is most appropriate to treat this cow? 49. Which bandage layer acts as an absorbent for blood, serum, and purulent fluid in a wound? 50. During surgery for a severe impact injury, a Great Dane has a tube put in place to drain excess accumulation of fluid from the abdomen. When the animal is ready to be released from the hospital, the tube is removed and second-intention or secondary intention wound closure is applied. What would best describe this method of closure? 51. When bandaging is necessary, what is the primary advantage of cotton gauze in the primary layer?

52. A patient has the hind left extremity in a strong, stabilizing bandage, with the toes left exposed. The veterinary technician measures and finds that the nails of the two middle toes are farther apart than they were on the first day postoperatively. What is most likely to be the best response? 53. A technician needs to place an intravenous peripheral catheter into a 5- year-old mixed-breed dog that will be in the clinic for approximately 6 days. Into which veins is it not an appropriate to place the catheter? 54. A peripheral IV catheter requires replacement _____ with a new catheter placed in a different vein. 55. In post-surgical veterinary patients, how long can nutrient intake be postponed after surgery before the delay negatively affects wound healing? 56. The veterinary technician is monitoring a post-surgical patient’s readiness to begin consuming nutrients orally. The criterion used is that the animal needs to be able to consume at least _____ of the calculated resting energy requirements (RER).

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57. A veterinary technician is calculating the initial amount of food that a postoperative patient will need per day, dividing the caloric density by the resting energy requirements (RER). This patient has not eaten in more than 3 days. What should the initial food intake be for the first 24 hours? 58. Which medication is the best serotonin antagonist appetite stimulant for cats and dogs? 59. Two days after surgery, a 9-year-old Boxer dog is scheduled to undergo physical therapy. Passive range of motion exercises are initiated, and the dog is administered opioid analgesics and antiinflammatory drugs. What would be the most appropriate additional treatment(s)? 60. What would be the most appropriate treatment for a cat that is apparently experiencing breakthrough pain soon after surgery? 61. A 4-year-old mixed-breed dog is not responding to the prescribed opioid, despite the fact that it is being given at the maximum dose and frequency. What would be the most appropriate next step?

62. A veterinary technician is explaining home pain management to a client whose cat is being released to home after abdominal surgery. Which painkiller can be administered transbuccally to this patient? 63. A mixed-breed dog that is recovering from thoracic surgery is being released to its home. Which medication is not recommended for take-home analgesia? 64. The veterinarian wants to prescribe a CRI of lidocaine for systemic analgesia in a postoperative patient with severe GI disease. Which preexisting condition should the veterinary technician look for in the medical history first?

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