17 assignment

pdf

School

Seminole State College of Florida *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

2811

Subject

Mechanical Engineering

Date

Apr 3, 2024

Type

pdf

Pages

Uploaded by JusticeWolverine4025

Ch. 17 Castro 1. Describe the objectives and operations of defensive and offensive operations. Defensive operations are conducted from the exterior directing water streams toward the building from a safe distance if fire conditions are too dangerous to approach the building. Offensive attacks are a direct attack operated from the inside of the building to extinguish the base of the fire. A transitional approach combines both attacks to cool the building and aid FFs operating offensive attack. 2. Describe the operations performed during a transitional attack. It is also considered a blitz attack or softening or resetting the fire. It helps cool and slow the growth of the fire. It reduces the risk of flashover and improves visibility. 3. Describe the characteristics of a solid stream, straight stream, and fog stream. A solid stream has greater reach and power than a straight stream (smooth-bore nozzle). A fog stream nozzle can have either a straight or fog stream. A fog stream has greater surface area and allows water droplets to absorb the heat, it causes steam and vapors to rise so using this for an interior attack can be dangerous for a firefighter. 4. Describe the objectives of a direct, indirect and combination attacks. Direct attacks hit the base of the fire whereas indirect attacks are operated from a safer distance from the fire and can be operated by watering the ceiling. A straight or solid stream is used flowing at about 120-180 gpm. 5. Describe the techniques used to operate large handlines. If only one firefighter is available utilize a webbing strap or form a large loop about 2ft behind nozzle and sit on it. If there are two firefighters, one should be the nozzle operator and the other standing 3ft apart helps backup the first firefighter (FF may use a hose strap from better grip and kneel on it to stabilize it). 6. Describe the characteristics of a master stream appliance. They can be either manually operated or directed bar emote control. Deck guns are permanently mounted on the vehicle they are aka turret pipes or wagon pipes. Portable monitors are placed not he ground and are equipped with 1,2 or 3 inlets, they can be 2 1/2 or greater although there are smaller monitors available (first, attach the male couplings tot he inlets, then form large loops at the end of each hose line near the monitor). Elevated master stream appliances are mounted on aerial ladders or platforms

Ch. 17 Castro or hydraulically operated booms. A ladder pipe (common in older apparatus) is mounted on top of an aerial tower ladder, the hose is ran up the ladder and secures with a rope. 7. Describe the tactics used to suppress concealed-space fires. They can occur in type iii or v construction where fire hides behind walls, subfloors, or ceilings. Attempt to locate and suppress these fires. 8. Describe the tactics used to suppress basement fires. For basement fires, if no openings are found, attack the fire by creating a small opening above it and use either a fog-stream/cellar/or bresnan nozzle to cool the fire (straight stream) always ensure a ventilation crew is ready beforehand. 9. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires above ground level. Always look for a secondary escape route. EMS, SCBAs, additional homeliness should be placed one or two floors below the fire. 10. Describe the tactics used to suppress attic fires. For attic fires delays or limit vertical ventilation until the attic space is cooled. Apply water to the exterior eaves, remove soffit vents with a pike pole and apply water to the openings. For severe conditions, flow master streams through soffit/gable vents. Soffit vents serve as a limited inlet during an attic fire. 11. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in large buildings. Large buildings are often equipped with fire sprinklers. Connect the fire engine to an FDC to augment the water supply. 12. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in buildings under construction, renovation, or demolition. Attack from the exterior of the building (defensive) establish a collapse zone if necessary. For these buildings, if there are no savable lives, risk little to save little. 13. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in stacked or piled materials. Se class A foam to reduce the surface tension of water and wetting agents to extinguish the fire.

Ch. 17 Castro 14. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in trash containers. Class A foam is a good way to extinguish these or utilize the deck gun of an engine for larger containers. Be sure to check for fire extension if the container is close to the building. 15. Describe the tactics used to protect exposures. Extinguish the fire, if the building are close and exposed for a larger fire, direct the hose at the non burning buildings first to prevent fuel from reaching ignition temps and expanding the fire. 16. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires on buildings with solar photovoltaic systems. Beware for electrocution hazards such as metal roofs. Also be aware of collapse hazards. 17. Describe the different types of alternative fuels that power motor vehicles. Compressed natural gas are stored in steel or carbon fiber (wound tanks) the pressure is of about 3000-3600. Common in municipal bus fleets. Smaller vehicles contain storage cylinders similar to SCBAs (trunk or roof). Liquified natural gas is stored in low temperatures, avoid spraying these with water because the heat will cause the gas to explode. The storage tanks are double walled and insulated. Liquified petroleum gas also knows as propane is stored in liquid state at 50 psi. It is used for light-duty vehicles medium trucks and shuttle vans. 18. Describe how to overhaul a vehicle fire. Chock wheels, wait a few minutes for steam and smoke to dissipate to avoid rekindle. Be aware of deployable airbags. Soak and remove smoldering upholstery. Water top and bottom of engine. 19. Describe when gas service should be shut off IF a gas line inside a structure becomes compromised, it could add fuel to the fire. 20. Describe when the electrical service should be shut off. Only utilize class C agents if the electricity is still turned on. However, once it is off treat the fire as class A. Turn electrical services off to reduce the risks of injury or death.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Ch. 17 Castro 21. Describe the tactics used to suppress an electrical fire. In many cases, wait until the power has been shut off. Especially with transformers and power distribution lines. However, do use a class C extinguisher if immediately necessary. 22. Describe when water service should be shut off. If a serious water leak occurred inside the building, this can help prevent additional water damage.