Chapters-12&14-2023

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The University of Sydney *

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Material Science

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Oct 30, 2023

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Chapter 12 - 1 ISSUES TO ADDRESS... • Structures of ceramic materials: How do they differ from those of metals? Chapters 12&14: Structures of Ceramics and Polymers • What are the basic microstructural features ? • How are polymer properties effected by molecular weight ? • How do polymeric crystals accommodate the polymer chain?
Chapter 12 - 2 Callister study guide. • 12.1 – 12.2: Study all parts Chapter 12: Structures & Properties of Ceramics • 12.3: Only need to know Si-O tetrahedron • 14.1 – 14.3: Study all parts • 14.4: Only need to know those presented in lecture • 14.5, 14.7, 14.9 –14.12: Study all parts
Chapter 12 - 3 Examples of Ceramics
Chapter 12 - 4 Examples of Advanced Ceramics Ferroelectric materials for memories Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)
Chapter 12 - 5 Ceramics vs Metals Difference? elements bonding conductivity mechanical properties brittle metallic + non-metallic, non-metallic + non-metallic single non-metallic element (C, Si) ionic, ionic + covalent, covalent (Si) Poor conductivity (insulator, semiconductor) many more…
Chapter 12 - 6 Ceramic Crystal Structures Mainly ionic bonding with some covalent bonding Cations – Positively charged metallic ions Anions – Negatively charged nonmetallic ions Electrical neutrality – net charge = 0 Ex: Na 1+ Cl 1- , Ca 2+ F 2 1- Size effect – determine the maximize # of nearest oppositely charged neighbors - - - - + unstable - - - - + stable - - - - + stable (Smallest stable size) (not always true but we will not discuss other situations) ß
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