Discussion - Organization Behavior Weeks 1-2

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Organizational Behavior – Weeks 1-2 This week you are going to learn more about our online library and graduate-level writing which will help you in your graduate studies going forward. Ensure you review the valuable resource links in this week's readings. The UMGC Library has wonderful resources available to you that show you how to write and cite in APA style. (APA is one among several academic writing styles; others are MLA, Chicago, and then for journalists the style is AP.) Your graduate program uses APA, so that is what you need to master. The good news is that it is easy because there are so many resources to help you, many of which are in this session's readings. Click on the links and explore all the APA links provided, so that you have an idea of what you need to do and where to find help.: Citing and Writing, UMGC Library Bibliographies Guidance: 1. Read all of this session's readings. 2. From the UMGC library home page (link in Academic Support above) enter your search terms in the OneSearch box and put a checkmark at Scholarly Journals only. Find an article the focuses on external factors that impact organizations such as technology, sociocultural, economic forces, government, natural & human factors, in your chosen field (health care, project management, human resources, etc.). For example, select an article that clarifies the impact that COVID (external environmental impact) had on an organization in your area of study, then consider the best management skills a health care manager (your area of study) will need to be successful today. 3. In the initial post write a 2-3 paragraph summary of the selected article focusing on the way management is unique for the field. 4. DO NOT PROVIDE THE TITLE, Cite, Author, or link (provide this in your final post). Merely create a heading that describes the subject area, for example Not for Profit Management. 5. Choose 3-4 other posts and using your library skills to find the article and link for the students' posts. 6. In addition to the link you have identified and referenced compare the skills mentioned in the post review and compare them with your own article. 7. Extend the conversation by working with the class to create a list of common management skills for today and how they would differ from some of the early theorists. Consider this a type of roundtable discussion. Tell us about what you found in your research and how it relates to your experiences. 8. Include the full source citation and your list of vital management skills in your final discussion post. Clinical Research As the Millennial generation – those born between 1981 through 1996 – continues to increase in both the workforce and the patient population pool, it is important for research administrators, managers and investigators to examine the impact this demographic will have on clinical research. It is necessary to understand a millennials’ motivations in the workplace and how that translates to successful research in the future. Millennials have been reported to be exceedingly purpose-driven. Patient-centricity is a main focus for millennial clinicians and investigators. Understanding what is important to the patient – not just what is important to the sponsor organization – will continue to be increasingly significant. In addition to this, ensuring that the work (i.e. research questions) create a positive impact or benefit on the larger society has been found to be a factor that influences a millennials’ job satisfaction and decision making. Another factor that millennials find to be valuable is a focus on teamwork and collaborative efforts. It is likely that research sites and investigators will work more as a team with the sponsors and patients in the future.

Additionally, interdependent organizational models will continue to emerge and may effectively improve the efficiency and quality of study protocols. Finally, a millennials’ understanding and confidence in technology will be an important influence on clinical research. Technology surrounding communication and collaboration amongst the team and participants as well as the replacement of outdated platforms and data collection tools will continue to impact the field of research in the future. Author last name, first initial. (Year). Article title. Journal Title, volume (issue), page numbers. DOI or URL Dumais, S. A., Rizzuto, T. E., Cleary, J., & Dowden, L. (2013). Stressors and supports for adult online learners: Comparing first- and continuing-generation college students. American Journal of Distance Education, 27 (2), 100-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2013.783265 Morgan, C. (2018). Millennials and their impact on Clinical Research. Applied Clinical Trials, 27 (3), 14-16. Hi Andrea, Looks like you are referencing the following article: Morgan, C. (2018). Millennials and their impact on Clinical Research. Applied Clinical Trials , 27 (3), 14–16. I found your post and the article itself to be an interesting look at how an external factor (millennials in the workplace in this scenario) can impact an organization or an industry at large. Organizations have a vested interest in trying to attract and retain top millennial talent to come work for them, so it would bode well for those organizations to know what sort of workplace millennials want, and adjust their structures and cultures accordingly. For my own experience, i have certainly noticed an uptick in our company's use of cross functional teams, which the article highlights as something millennials prefer. These teams promote a sense of collaboration and unity amongst different departments or functional areas within the company, which is a culture that millennials seem to prefer according to this article. . Hi John! You are exactly correct on the article I was referencing: Morgan, C. (2018). Millennials and their impact on Clinical Research. Applied Clinical Trials, 27 (3), 14-16. I thought this was interesting from my own experience also. Like you, I have noticed more of a team approach in my work recently. I have two clinician supervisors that write and support a lot of clinical research in orthopaedics. One is of an older generation but the other is (barely) a millennial. The work styles of the two are very different but the younger fits right in with what this article suggests about millennials. He has submitted numerous grants to PCORI (Patients Centered Outcomes Research Institute) for funding as well as works with patient stakeholders on his study design. Recently, he submitted for a grant that supports building collaborations and networking amongst

multiple sites and coordinating centers. It’s very interesting to see how the workplace changes with new generations! Hello Andrea, Thank you for sharing your article. I used the One Search tool and looked for "millennials" and "clinical trials" and found the same article that John did. https://eds-b-ebscohost- com.ezproxy.umgc.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? vid=3&sid=201a6d5b-cfe0-4efa-9460- 1369e50fed62%40sessionmgr102 This is an interesting topic and I have not seen many articles on the age group/generational impact on clinical research. I think that the different qualities that you have summarized also applies to the management setting, whether the employee or manager is a millennial or not, it's helpful to recognize what motivates an individual, and identify the most effective form(s) of communication. Understanding how these can be different between individuals and different generations can help close a lot of the communication gaps that we often see in the work place. Mandy Hi Mandy, Like John, you were correct in your article choice. Morgan, C. (2018). Millennials and their impact on Clinical Research. Applied Clinical Trials, 27 (3), 14-16. I agree with you completely that finding the motivation to suit your employee is so important. It’s something that can be overlooked and really has an impact on employee satisfaction and ultimately work productivity. Also, as you pointed out, I believe communication one of the most important factors in management regardless of the business. Thanks!

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Manufacturing Innovation and Shifts Driven by COVID-19. John Rossbach Wk 1/2 Discussion For manufacturing organizations, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on demand for various items. Manufacturing companies have had to shift their production focus due to the pandemic, whether from the change in demand, or driven by governmental order, or the willingness to prioritize public health. Many manufacturing companies pivoted to making crisis-critical goods, such as personal protective equipment (PPE), diagnostic tests, ventilators, and other goods which have been in such high demand during the ongoing pandemic. This production shift occurred with manufacturers across many different sectors, including automotive, aerospace, home appliance, and fashion. Many organizations shared intellectual property related to the COVID-19 products to allow more production and supply across the world to keep up with the increased demand. Many Alcohol producers and companies that made perfume tweaked their production lines to make hand sanitizer and alcohol disinfectants. Companies like Prada and Gucci pivoted from making high end textiles to making face masks and medical gowns for healthcare professionals and public use. This shows how an external factor (COVID-19 in this case) can have a massive impact on an organization. Whether through shifts in demand, government order, or a desire to prioritize public health, the pandemic forced manufacturing organizations to change their production lines dramatically in some cases to start making crisis-critical goods. The other impact the pandemic has had is in increasing organizations’ willingness to collaborate. Whereas in a non-pandemic environment, some of these manufacturing firms were direct competitors and intellectual property and other proprietary company information would never be shared between firms.

But with the pandemic, organizations are more collaborative, sharing IP and designs to increase the production of the crisis- critical goods. It will be interesting to see if some of this collaboration will resume post pandemic, but it is probably unlikely. Management in the manufacturing sector during the pandemic has probably been quite a challenge with all these production changes, and with likely decreased workforce and reduced shop capacities or complete shop closures. Manufacturing managers have probably had to be more involved than ever in the planning, scheduling, and monitoring of the organization’s products and services. In terms of shifting production, management would require a lot of supervision, coordination, and planning to determine how best to allocate their resources to produce the crisis-critical products (Black, Bright, 2019. Chapter 1). Author last name, first initial. (Year). Article title. Journal Title, volume (issue), page numbers. DOI or URL Dumais, S. A., Rizzuto, T. E., Cleary, J., & Dowden, L. (2013). Stressors and supports for adult online learners: Comparing first- and continuing-generation college students. American Journal of Distance Education, 27 (2), 100-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2013.783265 Zimmerling, A., Chen, X. (2021). Innovation and possible long-term impact driven by COVID-19: Manufacturing, personal protective equipment and digital technologies. Technology in Society (65) . https:///doi.org/ 10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101541 Hi John, Thanks for your informative post. I believe you were referencing this article: Zimmerling, A., Chen, X. (2021). Innovation and possible long-term impact driven by COVID-19: Manufacturing, personal protective equipment and digital technologies. Technology in Society (65) . https:///doi.org/ 10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101541 COVID-19 has made such an impact across nearly every industry. Management in manufacturing, as you’ve highlighted can be extremely challenging especially with factors outside of your control. Adaptability seems to be a key factor in continued success. A manager’s ability to adapt and suggest that the company change their production lines to accommodate personnel turnover and meet growing demands for products outside of their typical production line (i.e. PPE) is so important. Along with the ability to adapt, is the communication required to execute successful transitions and changes. As you highlighted, a manager will need to provide supervision, coordination and planning to give their team the best chance for success. Thanks!

Project Management Arman Kashefi Fahmian Aug 23, 2021 11:10 PM Project managers play a significant role in a project’s success, and some studies have shown that project managers can lead a project to its failure due to their lack of managerial skills. A project manager’s job can be challenging during a project’s life cycle, especially when managing various internal and external stakeholders and resources. Existing studies show that project managers’ roles are evolving over the past years. They require to perform functions outside their typical scope of work to succeed in project deliveries. Today, project managers need broad knowledge and skills to manage complex projects more effectively with globalism and economic volatility. Their skills can be divided into specific and general skills, also known as hard and soft skills. Particular skills are the job-specific knowledge and competencies, while general skills are more functional and interpersonal competencies, including leading, team building, communicating, and negating. Most studies that show project managers’ soft skills are crucial for a project are conceptual. However, soft skills contribute towards the critical project success factors. Project Management Institute argues that interpersonal competencies are detrimental for project managers to achieve in their roles towards project success. These values include leadership, influencing, decision making, team and trust-building, political and cultural awareness, communication, motivation, negotiation, and conflict management skills. Many stakeholders contribute to a construction project. Even though their common goal is project achievement, it is not unexpected that they have different visions and preferences. As a leader who orchestrates between the stakeholders and project teams, project managers required a comprehensive

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technical and interpersonal skillset to achieve the project goals effectively. Dumais, S. A., Rizzuto, T. E., Cleary, J., & Dowden, L. (2013). Stressors and supports for adult online learners: Comparing first- and continuing-generation college students. American Journal of Distance Education, 27 (2), 100-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2013.783265 Hi Arman, Thanks for your post. I think the article you referenced is: Zuo, J., Zhao, X., Nguyen, Q., Ma, T., & Gao, S. (2018). Soft skills of construction project management professionals and project success factors: A structural equation model. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25 (3), 425-442. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/ECAM-01-2016-0016 This article provided a lot of insight regarding a manager’s role and the skills required to be successful. I especially agree with the strong communication skills required as a manager as that theme seems to be continually surfacing in my research and in the posts of our classmates. In addition to communication, leadership, teamwork, and motivational techniques seem to be highlighted in many articles. Do you agree? Final Discussion Post After reviewing many posts and discussion amongst classmates, there seem to be a few management skills that are continually present. 1) Communication: Communication is a very important skill required by managers. A manager may need to relay messages and workplace strategies between employees, stakeholders, upper management, and customers (Zimmerling & Chen, 2021). Both understanding the message from others and effectively communicating that message forward are equally vital to a company’s success. 2) Leadership & Teamwork: Teamwork is becoming more of a trend seen in businesses (Morgan, 2018). It’s a manager’s role to lead the team to success. Making sure that the team works in harmony while also effectively achieving the goal and remaining aware to think strategically. 3) Adaptability: Being flexible to change and improvising to support new ideas and implement change is a key skill of a manager (Hodgson & White, 2020). Adaptability is important for ensuring the ability to keep up with external factors and new trends in the industry. Hodgson, P., & White, R. (2020). Relax, It’s Only Uncertainty: Lead the Way When the Way is Changing. The Executive Development Group. Morgan, C. (2018). Millennials and their impact on Clinical Research. Applied Clinical Trials, 27 (3), 14-16. Zimmerling, A., & Chen, X. (2021). Innovation and possible long-term impact driven by COVID-19: Manufacturing, personal protective equipment and digital technologies. Technology in Society (65) . https:///doi.org/ 10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101541 Zuo, J., Zhao, X., Nguyen, Q., Ma, T., & Gao, S. (2018). Soft skills of construction project management professionals and project success factors: A structural equation model. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25 (3), 425-442. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/ECAM-01-2016-0016

Discussion - Organization Behavior Weeks 1-2

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