Student_Instructions_CPCCBC4010B
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Charles Sturt University *
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CPCCBC4010
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Information Systems
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Apr 3, 2024
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Assessment Resource Summary
Unit Details
CPCCBC4010B Apply structural principles to residential low-rise constructions
Assessment Type
This is a summative assessment
, which requires each
student to have adequate practice prior to undertaking
this assessment
This assessment has been contextualised for
Building and Construction, and must be undertaken
in a real or simulated Building and Construction
environment
Assessment
Projects
Assessment 1 - 7
Written assessment
Assessment 8
(Written Assessment attached)
Last Modification Date
AUG2020
Verified By: Training Manager
Proposed Review Date
AUG2021
Approved by: CEO
Version no.
UED-001
Unit Summary
This unit of competency specifies the outcomes required to apply structural principles to the
erection or demolition of low rise residential structures using conventional methods. The unit
addresses those structures classified by the Building Code of Australia (BCA) as Class 1 and Clas
10. Knowledge of the application of structural principles in accordance with Australian standards is
essential.
This unit of competency supports the needs of builders, site managers, forepersons and other
managers in the building and construction industry responsible for overseeing and managing the
demolition or erection of structures.
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ASSESSMENT SUMMARY / COVERSHEET
This form is to be completed by the assessor and used a final record of student competency.
All student submissions including any associated checklists (outlined below) are to be attached to this cover
sheet before placing on the students file.
Student results are not to be entered onto the Student Database unless all relevant paperwork is completed and
attached to this form.
Student Name:
JAYATUNGA WITHANAGE BUDDHIKA DANANJAYA SIRIWARDANA
Student ID No:
UEDT334
Final Completion Date:
Unit Code:
CPCCBC4010B
Unit Title:
Apply structural principles to residential low rise constructions
Please attach the following documentation to this form:
Result
S = Satisfactory
NS = Not Satisfactory
Assessment 1
Demolition reference attached
S | NS Assessment 2
Preparation for building document attached
S | NS Assessment 3
Inspection checklist attached
S | NS Assessment 4
Subflooring and footing plan attached
S | NS Assessment 5
Bracing and wall system report attached
S | NS Assessment 6
Truss roof layout plan attached
S | NS Assessment 7
Cladding installation plans attached
S | NS Assessment 8
Written summative assessment attached
S | NS Final Assessment Result for this unit
C / NYC
Student Feedback:
________________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Student Declaration:
I declare that I have been assessed in this unit, and I have been advised of my result. I also am aware of my appeal rights.
Name: ________________________________
Signature: ____________________________
Date: ____/_____/_____
Assessor Declaration: I declare that I have conducted a fair, valid, reliable and flexible assessment with this student, and I have provided appropriate feedback
Name: ________________________________
Signature:
____________________________
Date: ____/_____/_____
Administrative use only
Entered onto Student Management Database
________________
Date
Initials
Student Instructions
CPCCBC4010B – Apply structural principles to residential low rise constructions
Metharom Construction (MC) plans to become a leading provider of housing construction and renovation services in the South-East Melbourne area. The company's overall strategy will be based on a continuing improvement process of setting objectives, measuring results, and providing feedback to facilitate further growth and progress. They have been involved in large scale construction for 3 years and are now branching out to residential housing. During this unit, you will need to take on the role of the site supervisor. Your responsibilities are to: enforce site safety plans, ensure all tradespersons are inducted before they begin work, conduct regular inspections to ensure building quality, ensure that any contractors are complying with site rules and safe work method statements, identify and correct hazards, ensure that the site is ready for each trade before they arrive, and have frequent toolbox talks to ensure that WHS procedures are known and followed.
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For more information regarding Metharom Construction, please see the appendices and company policy documentation.
Assessment 1: Create a document that explains procedures for demolishing a house, in a
general context. (Maximum of 800 words)
Create a general explanatory document that discusses the following:
a)
The structural principles of demolishing a house
b)
Discuss structural performance characteristics of slabs, floors, beams and retaining walls
c)
Create a procedure for Metharom work teams to follow when demolishing a house
This document will be used by employees as a reference; as such you will need to make sure that you have discussed any relevant legislation, codes of practices, and industry standards.
This assessment is a maximum of 800 words.
a)
Before you demolish the house, you need to understand high impact area of the house. As an example, some of the houses are based on columns and beams and all primary loads (wind load, live load and dead load) based on those columns and beams. So, if you attack that area first then you can demolish the house easily and safely.
b)
Slabs
A concrete slab is a typical basic component of present-day structures, comprising of a level,
even surface made of cast concrete. Steel-fortified pieces, normally somewhere in the range
of 100 and 500 mm thick, are regularly used to build floors and roofs
Floors
A floor is the base surface of a building. Floors differ from basic earth in a cavern to many-
layered surfaces made with current innovation. Floors might be stone, wood, bamboo, metal or some other material that can uphold the normal burden. The levels of a structure are regularly alluded to as floors, albeit a more legitimate term is story.
Beams
In
building construction
, a beam is a horizontal member spanning an opening and carrying a load that may be a brick or stone
wall
above the opening, in which case the beam is often called a lintel
Retaining walls
They are used to bound soils between two different elevations often in areas of terrain possessing undesirable slopes or in areas where the landscape needs to be shaped severely and engineered for more specific purposes like hillside farming or roadway overpasses.
C)
Get the building inspected
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A demolition plan ought to be ready for all tear-downs where there are various different people directing a business or undertaking (as an example; subcontractors) included. On the off chance that the destruction temporary worker is additionally the essential contract-based worker, the destruction plan ought to be consolidated as a feature of the WHS the executives plan.
Licenses
A license is required to undertake some demolition work. Demolition licensing is part of the National Occupational Licensing System (NOLS) and you will need to seek advice from your local WHS regulator and the National Occupational Licensing Authority (NOLA) as to whether you or any other person undertaking the demolition work will require a license for
the work to be undertaken.
extra licenses
Depending on the type of work being done there may be a need for persons to hold the relevant license, for example to carry out asbestos removal work, high risk work or use of explosives. Disconnect existing services
One of the most important elements of pre-demolition planning is the location and disconnection of all essential services. Essential services include the supply of gas, water, sewerage, telecommunications, electricity, chemicals, fuel and refrigerant in pipes or
lines. The principal contractor must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that essential services at the workplace are without risks to health and safety.
Any construction work that is carried out:
on or near pressurized gas distribution mains or piping
on or near chemical, fuel or refrigerant lines
on or near energized electrical installations
is defined by the WHS Regulations as ‘high risk construction work’ and a SWMS must be prepared before this work commences. All electric, gas, water, sewer, steam and other service lines not required in the demolition process should be shut off, capped, or otherwise controlled, at or outside the building line, before demolition work is started. In each case, any utility agency involved should be notified in advance and its approval or services, if necessary, obtained. Any service retained for the demolition work should be adequately protected as required by the
relevant authority (for example, the protection of overhead electric lines). Tear down the house
The building or structure to be demolished and all its components should be maintained in a safe and structurally stable condition so as to prevent the unexpected collapse of part or all the structure. Temporary braces, propping, shoring or guys may need to be added to ensure that stability of
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the structure is maintained.
The position, depth and type of basements, wells and underground storage tanks should also be determined as should the contents of any storage tanks.
Adjoining properties and structures also need to be considered, as do the existence of easements, right of way, boundary walls and other encumbrances.
Haul away the debris
it should be progressively removed to prevent any build up that could affect the integrity of a suspended floor of the building or structure, affect workplace access and egress, become a fire hazard, or cause a health and
safety hazard. Demolished materials should not be allowed to fall freely unless they are confined within a chute (or similar enclosure), shaft and/or exclusion zone.
A debris drop is a debris pile that is enclosed and where the risk of an object striking workers or the public has been eliminated. Debris drop zones should be clearly identified and any area where there is a risk that a
worker or other persons at the workplace might be injured by falling or rebounding debris should be fenced or barricaded to prevent access. Assessment 2: Analyse plans and prepare for building by performing final checks, in a written document. Please note: the details of this assessment continue onto the next page.
(Maximum of 600 words)
Refer to the project documents and plans. Considering the plans, and the building’s location:
a)
Determine what BCA requirements for bushfires need to be applied to this house, with reference to the location and bushfire rating.
b)
Identify a new building technology that may assist you with this project. Justify your answer. c)
Make a list of industry professionals that are local to the build site, and would be able to provide advice on the construction of the house.
Ensure that you have referred to building codes and standards as appropriate to this project, as well as industry best practice. This assessment is a maximum of 600 words, and should be submitted to your assessor as one compiled document.
a)
BCA requirements & Construction Technology
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ROOFING
Install sarking of flammability index no less than 5 to be located on top of the roof framing except that
the roof battens may be fixed above the sarking (also, battens may be fixed below where foil-backed insulation blankets is used) to cover the entire roof area including ridges and hips and extend into gutters and valleys;
The roof/wall junctions to be sealed to prevent openings greater than 3m.
Any roof ventilation openings with the exclusion of cooking, heating exhausts and gas appliance flues to be fitted with ember guards made of non-combustible material or mesh or perforated sheet with a maximum aperture of 2mm, made of corrosion-resistant steel, bronze or aluminium ;
All roof penetrations to be sealed at the roof.
Evaporative cooling to be fitted with non-combustible butterfly as close as practical to the roof level.
EXTERNAL WALLS - CLADDING
Any exposed components of an external wall that are less than 400mm from NGL to be non-
combustible material, cement sheet, or bushfire resisting timber.
Any exposed components of an external wall that are less than 400mm above decks, carport roofs, awnings or similar elements or fittings having an angle <18º to the horizontal and extending more than 110mm in width from the wall to be non-combustible
All joints and gaps in external surface material of walls to be sealed, overlapped, backed, or butt-
jointed to prevent gaps >3mm.
External cladding to be installed over sarking applied to outer face of frame.
EXTERNAL WALLS - WEEP HOLES
Install metal mesh screens to weephole in brickwork.
EXTERNAL WALLS - SUBFLOOR REQUIREMENTS
For enclosed subfloor and where gaps greater than 3mm install mesh or perforated sheet with a maximum aperture of 2mm, made of corrosion-resistant steel, bronze or aluminium ensuring cladding
is installed to manufacturer’s specifications.
It is to be noted that any fibre cement product will not be able to be installed any closer than 50mm to natural ground, therefore an alternative method of preventing embers entering beneath the cladding eg. metal mesh as above or non-combustible plinth.
Subfloor vents to have metal mesh protection.
WINDOW ASSEMBLIES
Window to be fitted with screens with mesh or perforated sheet with a maximum aperture of 2mm, made of corrosion-resistant steel, or aluminium to the openable part of the window fitted internally or externally.
Where windows assemblies are less than 400mm from NGL, decks, carport roofs, awnings or similar elements or fittings having an angle <18º to the horizontal and extending more than 110mm in width from the window frame, the window frames and joinery shall be made of metal or bushfire resisting timber;
Any external fitted hardware to the sash shall be metal.
Where glazing elements are less than 400mm from NGL, decks, carport roofs, awnings or similar elements or fittings having an angle <18º to the horizontal and extending more than 110mm in width, they shall be Grade A safety glass minimum 4mm to the external face of the window assembly only.
EXTERNAL DOORS - SIDE HUNG
To be protected externally by screens; or
To be solid core min 35mm thickness; or
To have a non-combustible kickplate on the outside for the first 400mm above the threshold.
Where door incorporates glazing, glazing element shall be minimum 4mm toughened glass.
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To be tight fitting to the door frame and have weather strips, draught excluders or draught seals to the base of the door.
Where door frames are less than 400mm from NGL, decks, carport roofs, awnings or similar elements or fittings having an angle <18º to the horizontal and extending more than 110mm in width from the door, that part of the door frame shall be made of metal or bushfire resisting timber.
GARAGE DOOR
Lower portion of garage door 400mm above the ground to be made from non-combustible material, bushfire resisting timber or fibre cement sheet min 6mm thick.
Panel lift and tilt doors to have weather strips, draught excluders, draught seals or guide tracks with gaps <3mm.
Roller doors must have guide tracks with a maximum gap no greater than 3mm and be fitted with a nylon brush in contact with the door.
WATER & GAS SUPPLY PIPES
Where above ground to exposed part shall be metal.
DECK & STAIRS
Surfaces within 300mm measured horizontally from glazed elements that are less than 400mm from the surface of the deck measured vertically to be bushfire resistant timber or non-
combustible material.
c) Industry Professionals
Architect
Structural Engineer
Geo Technical Engineer / Soil Tester
Energy Consultant
Cost Estimator
Dear sir,
my name is buddhika siriwardana and I’m the site supervisor in 1040 Greenacre Blvd Northcote.
the main reason for this email is to ask your organisation to help our ongoing building project in your local area.
I greatly value your consultation as an expert in this project. That’s why I am contacting you on this.
I will be expecting your reply as soon as possible
Thanks
Best regards
Buddhika Siriwardana
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Assessment 3: Perform an inspection. (Maximum of 500 words)
Perform an inspection of the Melbourne campus or another site of your choice if you have access to one. You are required to complete the Pre-Commencement Checklist template provided in the appendices.
Your assessor will advise you of a suitable date and time for you to carry out this inspection.
You will need to submit the completed checklist to your assessor.
owner – ABC Limited
builder – Metharom construction
project – apply structural principles to residential low rise construction
site address – 1040 Greenacre Boulevard Northcote Victoria 3070
supervisor – Jayatunga Siriwardna
phone – 0449739275
Date – 09/11/2020
job No – 01
Components
Action/ Comments
plastering commencement date
plastering work already commenced sub contract agreement in place
sub contract agreement is finalized
construction safety plan received from builder
received and circulated amongst the project members.
Approved plan on site
copy of approved plan kept at reception
and main office.
electricity available
available throughout the construction period.
water available
available around the clock
toilet on site and stocked
toilet onsite with sufficient toiletries site sign clear and visible
all signs have been placed on site
car parking arrangement
there is no specific parking spaces but enough spaces for staff vehicles to be parked onsite during working hours
requirements for rubbish removal
it has been setup
car parking material storage
will be done asap check plans and contract documents for extent of work, any special requirements and any variations
plan have been checked
check for any special design loads and thermal and acoustic performance requirements
will follow up with site manger
check level of finish required
already been checked by supervisor
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determine extent of water-resistant plasterboard
already been reviewed by supervisor
check if there are any fire separating walls
supervisor has checked for any fire separating walls
building sufficiently water resistant to permit installation of plasterboard
site inspection has been done
timber frame plumb and correctly aligned
subcontractor has already been consulted with for the timber work
internal walls sufficiently set down at least the thickness of the ceiling batten +10mm below the underside of the bottom chord of the truss
work hasn’t start yet need to follow up
check ceiling battens installed level and the correct height
already been inspected
trimmer battens provided to ceiling at change of direction of roof frame
work hasn’t start yet
plumbing, gas, electrical, air conditioning and telecommunication rough to complete
not started yet
plaster board supply
will be arrange soon
plan for reduced manual handling of plaster board
in process
comice supply
in process
supply of adhesive and accessories
sufficient stock
wall insulation installed
installed and in working order
check any requirements for movement joints in walls and ceilings in contract documents and with supervisor
All requirements have been reviewed by supervisor
Assessment 4: Create a plan for subflooring and footings. (Maximum of 800 words)
As the site supervisor, interpret the project documentation to prepare layouts for both footings
and subflooring. To complete this task satisfactorily, you will need to do the following:
a)
Prepare a footing layout for strip footings by tracing over the floor plan provided in the appendices. Your layout will also need to include a report that explains how your footings are compliant with the BCA and AS2870, specifications of materials used, and demarcation of damp coursing and termite barriers.
b)
Prepare a layout that specifies requirements for the construction of joists and bearers. A floor plan has been provided in the appendices for you to trace over. You will need to ensure
that you have referred to AS1684 and the BCA. Prepare a report that describes how your layout is compliant with the legislative requirements, and create a basic process for the work team to follow when laying the subfloor. Page 11
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a)
Footing layout and the slab must be designed by a qualified structural engineer based on the data and soil classification in the Soil Report. The Site drainage and external finishes should be designed by a civil engineer to comply with AS2870-2011 and AS 3500 with consideration of the footing system. The site should be prepared in accordance with section 6 – AS 2870-2011. Particular attention should be taken to the removal of topsoil containing vegetation, roots and other organic materials and other material that will not respond to compact procedure. Footing systems designed, detailed and constructed in accordance with AS 2870 are not intended to prevent cracking of the walls constructed on them due to possible foundation movement.
Termite Control
Following the requirements of the BCA, will provide protection for the structural elements of
a building in those areas where a termite hazard is present. Under the BCA, all structural elements of a new building - the Primary Building Elements - must be protected in the areas at risk of termite attack, either by providing barriers to keep the termites out (or to force them
into the open where they can be seen and eradicated) or by using termite resistant building materials such as naturally durable or preservative treated timber
Advice on the detection and treatment of termites in existing buildings can be found in AS3660 -2000. AS3660 covers both new (Part 1) and existing (Part 2) buildings, with reference to just the subterranean termites. The three Parts of the Standard are closely inter-
related.
Strip footings and slabs should be designed as integral components, minimising construction breaks or construction joints, as these provide potential avenues of termite entry.
Services (pipes, plumbing, wiring etc.) should be designed and installed so that they do not penetrate through slabs or footings. Where this is not possible, a suitable protection system (physical or chemical barrier) should be installed Wherever possible, buildings should be designed with physical barriers which permit inspection for, and detection of, termites. Building debris should be removed from the site once the construction is completed, with a particular emphasis on the removal of such debris from the subfloor space.
All materials in contact with the ground must be termite resistant. Avoid Damp Coursing
Moisture is absorbed into concrete by capillary suction through the minute pores or air voids within the concrete. Generally, for concrete exposed to intermittent wetting, only the surface layer is affected. Prolonged exposure to a source of moisture, combined with poor quality concrete is the usual cause of slab edge dampness and moisture ingress. The damp proofing of slabs constructed on ground can be done either below or above the surface. Mostly, the damp proofing is installed below the surface of the slab. Mostly plastic film of vapor retarders is employed below the slab surface as a damp proofing membrane.
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b)
Most raised floors in domestic buildings use plywood or particleboard sheets as structural flooring, supported by a frame of timber joists. In ground floor construction the joists rest on bearers, which in turn are supported by brick piers, timber stumps or some other column or wall. Occasionally steel framing is used for the bearers and joists, but the same structural Page 13
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principles apply. Occasionally steel framing is used for the bearers and joists, but the same structural principles apply. This method is called platform flooring, because it allows the builders to work on a platform while they stand up the wall frames and fix them in position. An alternative to platform flooring is called the cut-in or fitted floor. This is the traditional technique used in cottage construction when floors were generally made of tongue and groove timber boards. The walls sit directly on the floor joists and are erected before the floorboards are installed. Although it is harder work for the builders, it has the advantage of allowing the roof to be covered and the building waterproofed before the floorboards go down. So, the technique is still used for tongue and groove strip flooring that’s fixed directly to the joists. If the supports under the bearers are in direct contact with the soil, they need a termite shield placed on top. This is often called an ant cap (although it’s worth mentioning that termites aren’t really ants, even though they’re sometimes referred to as ‘white ants’). The ant cap is designed to make any termite mud tubes that run up a wall or pier more visible,
because when the termites get to the ant cap they need to build the tube around the edge to get to the timber above. Ant caps are made from galvanized steel or some other durable metal. However, they are also protected from corrosion by a layer of DPC that is placed immediately underneath, on top of the brick pier or wall. Assessment 5: Prepare a report to coordinate and manage wall systems. (Maximum of 1000 words)
Using the bracing plan provided in the project documentation, complete the following: Page 14
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a)
Select and specify timber to be used for the wall system that complies with AS1684
b)
Create a process that ensures high quality installation of each of the following frames: pre-
cut and pre-nailed, and cut and assembled on site
c)
Assess the compliance of the current plan including bracing requirements, tie downs and installation. Include details regarding compliance or non-compliance as appropriate
.
d)
Demonstrate where waterproofing would be attached. Write a procedure for both installation of the waterproofing, and how to check the quality of the installation.
Compile the documents into a report for the construction manager (the assessor). This document should be no more than 1000 words. a)
All structural timberwork shall conform to the requirements of as 1720 S.A.A. timber engineering code and frame the
walls according to AS:1648.2-2010. and to the timber framing codes
as follows:
studs: 90x45mm MGP10 @450c/c, uno
top & bot. plates: 90x45mm MGP10
noggins: as above, @1200c/c
bracing: refer to the refer engineers’ computations
lintels: as noted or refer engineers’ computations
All lintels, beams etc. Necessary for the proper support of roof framing shall be provided either as shown on these drawings or as required in accordance with as-1684.
b)
1. It is the Builder’s responsibility to ensure that all relevant information required for design is provided to the fabricator at time of ordering trusses, including spans, pitches, profiles, quantities and loadings. Final confirmation of details by the fabricator with the builder is recommended prior to manufacture. 2. Trusses are designed to be part of a structural system, which includes battens/purlins, bracing, binders, fascias
and the connection of these components. The full strength of trusses is not achieved until all components are installed correctly. All trusses must braced (temporary and permanently) and stabilised throughout installation of the roof truss system. No truss should be loaded until all permanent bracing is fixed and battens/purlins are installed. Installers should not stand on any truss until all temporary bracing is fixed in place and the truss is stabilised in accordance with the following instructions. 3. A risk assessment shall be undertaken for each site taking into account all relevant workplace safety practices,
including working height. It is the builders responsibility to consider the site conditions when determining procedures for handling, lifting, fixing and bracing of roof components. The procedures shall be discussed with all employees and sub contractors working on site and the agreed methods documented. A useful template for this purpose is the “Safe Working Method Statement No. 10” which is published by the Housing Industry Association (HIA) and available on their website. “The National Code of Practice for the Prevention of Falls in Housing Construction” produced by Safe Work Australia contains specific information and guidance on risk management for working at height in the residential construction sector. All safety gear appropriate to the site and work being carried out shall be worn, including eye protection, foot protection and gloves when handling sharp edges. 4. Ensure all bracing is permanently fixed and all brackets are fully installed prior to working on or loading the roof. 5. Trusses are designed for specific loading, geometry and support conditions. Under no circumstances should any component of the truss be drilled, cut, removed or modified in any way without prior approval from the truss fabricator. 6. Trusses should not be used or stored where they are subjected to repeated wetting and drying as this has a Page 15
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detrimental effect on the strength of both timber and connections. 7. If trusses have been designed for timber fascias, do not replace with steel fascia without asking your truss supplier to check the overhang design.
c)
900mm wide Sheet bracing has used with M10 bolts or 38x2.0x2.0 or 50x2.0 washers. Type L bracing hard board light nail. Type M and N bracing GP hardboard heavy nail. Type Q 900mm Plywood with light nail and Type R 900mm Plywood with heavy nail. Panel edges to be supported by studs. Type C single brace Pi straps are used in many walls. Galvanized metal angle bracing in size 18x16x1.2 and 1800mm to 2700mm maximum width. Flat head nails to each stud or triple grip nails. d)
Waterproofing is required under the slab, in external walls and roof. Windows require flashing and waterproofing. These need to be waterproofed in concrete slab or floor. Floor toppings, moisture barrier, (under-slab), sealers to
concrete, sub-soil drainage. Waterproofing must follow below Codes and regulations.
Wet Area Membranes AS/NZS
4858.
Waterproofing Membranes Exterior Use AS
4654.
Waterproofing Wet Areas Res Buildings AS
3740 (applies to all building Classes & Types).
Provide waterproofing systems (combined with other water-resistant materials for a complete water-proof system) to stop the passage of water through or past waterproof membranes.
Waterproof all systems Include membrane, junctions, terminations, protection, movement joints, penetrations, corners, flashings.
Waterproofing to be proprietary
systems of single Manufacturer, with current appraisal Certificates from either a)
CSIRO, b)
BRANZ, or c)
an Australian Building Codes Board Approved Organisation. External Floor Waterproofing
To substrates
of external
cementitious substrates
of floors attached to the building, with a separate pavement surface laid over the top of that substrate
& as doc
. Apply to the substrate
& where applicable as follows: turned up walls min
180mm, over hobs/plinths, up under & behind thresholds/sills. Material: Liquid applied acrylic flexible membrane with reinforcing, min
2 coat application, dry film thickness min
1.2mm, UV resistant, UDO
. Internal Wet Area Waterproofing
To Wet Areas
as per the BCA
.
Material: Liquid applied acrylic flexible, chemical resistant membrane with reinforcing, min
2 coat application, dry film thickness min
1.2mm, UDO
. Provide
continuous, mechanically fixed corrosion resistant metal angle water stop (finish to match adjacent metal, UDO
), top flush with FFL,
at wall full height openings.
Windowsills & Door Thresholds Waterproofing
To wall substrate
behind external
window & door frames at jambs and sills or thresholds. Material: Liquid applied acrylic flexible membrane with reinforcing, min
2 coat application, dry film thickness min
1.2mm, UV resistant, UDO
. At waterproofing vertical & horizontal external/outside edges, discharge water to outside of the house envelope skin via a flashing which is sealed at its edges against the waterproofing. Page 16
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Assessment 6: Plan for the installation of roof systems. (Maximum of 800 words)
Prepare a truss roof layout plan to be used for the formation of the roof system. Your plan will need to show:
a)
The structural components of a truss roof system
b)
A procedure for the construction of roof trusses c)
A process for ensuring the quality of manufactured roof trusses
d)
Locations of sarking and cladding installation
This plan should be no more than 800 words.
b)
a procedure for the construction of roof trusses
Roof trusses are part of roof structural systems which include battens/ purlins, bracing, binders, facias, and trusses connect all of these. Roof trusses need to be designed as be roof shape, ceiling style and wind loads of the site. Additional loads of on the roof like solar units, hot water tanks, air conditioning etc need to be considered too. All this information needs to be provided to the truss manufacturer and designer. The roof trusses you are about to install have been manufactured to engineering standards. All truss designs and materials must meet the requirements of AS “1684 – Residential Timber-Framed Construction”. To ensure that the trusses perform as designed it is essential that they be handled, erected and braced correctly. The installation
of prefabricated timber trusses is covered by the Australian Standard AS 4440 “Installation of NailPlated Timber Trusses”.
Wind load is an important factor in the design and performance of roof trusses. The builder or contractor must correctly advise the truss fabricator regarding wind load requirements and that adequate provision has been made to fix trusses to the support structure to withstand wind uplift forces.
Following details need to be provided by the contractor at the time of ordering trusses.
Truss Spans
Roof Pitches
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Roof Profiles
Quantities
Loadings
The full strength of trusses is not achieved until all components are installed correctly. All trusses must braced (temporary and permanently) and stabilised throughout installation of the roof truss system. No truss should be loaded until all permanent bracing is fixed and battens/purlins are installed. Installers should not stand on any truss until all temporary bracing is fixed in place and the truss is stabilized. The frame must be fully braced, plumb, and nailed home before the erection of trusses is commenced.
c)
A process for ensuring the quality of manufacture roof truss
check the following items for ensuring the quality of manufactured roof trusses.
Plumbs and spacing
Truss layout plans
Roof truss certification
Eave overhangs
Location of specialised trusses
Trimming to manhole
Manufactures specification for tie downs and bracings
Adequately of supporting structure
Support to beam tissues
d)
Cladding
Cladding is the skin of a building which covers the walls and protect the house from weather. Install external cladding with a minimum 150mm clearance to the earth on the exterior of the building or in accordance with local building codes if greater than 150mm is required. Maintain a minimum 50mm clearance between external cladding and roofs, decks, paths, steps and driveways.
Adjacent finished grade must slope away from the building in accordance with local building codes, typically a minimum slope of 50mm minimum over the first meter. Do not install external cladding such that it may remain
in contact with standing water. External Cladding can be installed to provide wall bracing against lateral forces due to wind.
The National Construction Code (NCC) specifies the requirements for termite barriers. Where the exposed slab edge is used as part of the termite barrier system, a minimum of 75mm of the exposed slab edge must be visible to permit ready detection of termite entry. It is the responsibility of designer or specifier to identify moisture related risks associated with any particular building design. Wall construction design must effectively manage moisture, accounting for both the interior and exterior environments of the building, particularly in buildings that have a higher risk of wind driven rain penetration or that are artificially heated or cooled.
In addition all wall openings, penetrations, junctions, connections, window sills, heads and jambs must incorporate appropriate flashing and waterproofing.
Materials, components and their installation that are used to manage moisture in framed wall construction must, at a minimum, comply with the requirements of relevant standards and the NCC. A suitable water control membrane must be installed under cladding in accordance with the AS/NZS 4200.2 ‘Pliable building membranes and underlays – Installation’ and NCC requirements.
Use of timber framing must be in accordance with AS 1684 - ‘Residential timber-framed construction’ and the framing manufacturer’s specifications. Use only seasoned timber. Unseasoned timber must not be used because it is prone to shrinkage and can cause sheets and frames to move.
Use of steel framing must be in accordance with NASH standard for Residential and Low-Rise Steel Framing Part 1: Design Criteria and the framing manufactures specifications. Framing members must have a base metal thickness (BMT) between 0.55to 1.6mm. The steel framing must have the appropriate level of durability required to prevent corrosion.
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Sarking
Roof sarking installation is the process of positioning a flexible laminated membrane under the roof before installing the roofing material. This is something that is required by BCA in almost all parts of Australia. The laminated membrane has an aluminium top layer which has plastic and sometimes fibre-glass reinforcement. We
need sarking for the roof for following reasons.
It protects roof and prevents water from entering through the roof.
It provides roof with thermal insulation
It prevents fine dust particles from forming on roof
It safeguards roof from fire by preventing sparks of fire from passing through the roof
It can avert the occurrence of condensation in bulk roof insulation.
We need to choose a sarking that meets the terms of the Australian building code. (BCA). We should note that if
it’s a metal roof, we should install sarking that is meant for metal roofs and the same applies to tiles. This is because not all sarking are alike.
Reflective foil sarking surfaces are required to have a minimum non-ventilated air space of 15mm in order to create a level of thermal performance from the still air adjacent to the foil surface. Performance claims may vary
depending upon bulk insulation recovery thickness, roof pitch angle, ventilation of roof cavity and dimension of air cavity adjacent to the reflective foil surface.
Assessment 7: Plan the installation of cladding. (Maximum of 800 words)
Plan the installation of cladding using the project documentation, legislation and regulations. To demonstrate this, you will need to complete the following:
a)
Outline the fixing and installation requirements of the windows and doors
b)
Explain the fixing requirements of cladding made of treated pine weatherboards
c)
Determine the most suitable cladding for this house, and justify your choice using structural performance principles
This assessment is a maximum of 800 words.
(a) Outline the fixing and installation requirements of windows and doors
Check the wall frame opening suits the door frame.
Prepare opening – If the flooring is fitted floor, the frame will sit directly on the floor joists.
If the house is to be brick veneer, the opening in the wall frame should be positioned to allow the door frame to line up with the perps in the brickwork below, or to suit brick spacings from nearby windows or corners. Timber door and window frames require flashing to be fitted under the sill to stop water working its way back to
the inside floor coverings or wall linings. Fit the flashing to the bottom of the sill.
Then stand the frame in the opening and check the jambs and head for plumb and level. Adjust the inside edges of the jambs so they will be flush with the interior lining.
Transfer the hinge positions marks around onto the surfaces where the hinges are to be checked in. Hold the door up, re-engage the hinges and replace the pins. The lock and striker plate should be fitted in Page 19
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accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. (b)
Fixing to the supporting framework can be slower than that of sheet materials. Short cuts can lead to a shortening of service life.
A degree of skill is required for joints and corners.
Timber can be subject to dimensional movement with changes in moisture content. Correct fixing to the supporting framework will accommodate normal seasonal changes.
Regular maintenance is required.
Some boards may be subject to resin bleed which may spoil the finished appearance. Remedies are available.
The end grain requires sealing to reduce moisture uptake.
Installation
Hand nailing is recommended. Installing Weatherboards is a ‘finishing’ operation, not a framing one. Nails should not penetrate the tip or thinner edge of a weatherboard, or where the tongue and groove overlap occur of the board beneath of cladding. Boards above and below are not to be nailed together, so that each board
is free to shrink and swell individually and so reduce the chance of cupping, cracking, and splitting. Locate nails approximately 35mm above the bottom edge of the weatherboard, and 25mm above the bottom edge and rebate edge of the cladding. Nails must have a minimum penetration of 35mm into the wall framing. Nails should be driven with care. Heavy and excessive nailing, particularly regarding nail guns, may distort the board and cause splitting during weather changes. If nail gun application is used, make sure that the gun does not damage the surface of the board, the pressure is correctly set to drive the nail below the timber surface but gives adequate holding, and that the galvanising is of the necessary standard. One nail per board at each fixing point for weatherboards and two nails at each fixing point for cladding and lining boards. Punch the nail to below the surface and fill with an exterior grade filler as soon as is practical. Predrill boards (to avoid splitting) for nail locations within 50mm of board ends.
Where the cladding abuts masonry, moisture can be prevented from being taken up by the boards, by leaving a small gap which is then protected by a cover strip set in mastic, or, alternatively, by sealing the ends of the boards and then sealing the joint. Make sure the bottom board of cladding or weatherboard is no closer than 200mm from a paved/concrete ground surface or 225mm from an uncovered ground surface. Adjacent earth or pavement should be sloped away from the wall, otherwise moisture uptake may occur, resulting in deterioration of the cladding near the ground. Prior to painting, make sure that the surface of the primer is not chalky and that the primer adhesion is good. The ‘X’ test can be used to check this.
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Paint systems on walls with a southern exposure or those protected by roof overhang or shade trees will be less affected by exposure to sun than those with a northern or western
exposure.
(c)
I suggest Brick veneer for external wall construction. When I consider the style of the house and design brick cladding is most appropriate. Also brick veneer construction will provide less maintenance and better thermal performance for the house. Note:
The work you submit must be your own. St
uden
t
s have the responsibility to maintain the highest ethical standards of academic integrity in their w
or
k. Academic misconduct by students in examinations or in other forms of assessment is un
a
cc
ep
t
ab
le
.
Prior to submitting an assessment, each student will be required to complete an a
ssessmen
t cover sheet which will ask them to sign a declaration to say they have not plagiarised and t
h
at they have read and understood the OPIE Plagiarism po
lic
y.
All work submitted will be checked to ensure authenticity.
Students found to have plagiarised will be forced to re-submit the assessment and be required to pay the re-submission fee of $350 per unit of competency and may be subject to disciplinary action.
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ASSESSMENT 8 – WRITTEN ASSESSMENT Student Name:
______________________________________________________________
Student ID No:
______________________________________________________________
Date:
______________________________________________________________
Please refer to the instructions below regarding completing this assessment
Written Assessment
This is a closed book written assessment. In the time allocated, you are to answer all of the following questions. Make sure you:
Print Clearly
Answer all questions
Use a black pen. Assessments written in pencil will not be accepted.
Ask your assessor if you do not understand a question. Whist your assessor cannot tell you the answer, he/she may be able to re-word the question for you
Do not talk to your classmates. If you are caught talking, you will be asked to leave and your assessment will not be marked.
Do not cheat or plagiarise the work of others. Anyone caught cheating will automatically be marked Not Yet Competent for this unit. There are NO EXCEPTIONS to this rule.
1
Who would you consult regarding the preparation of work drawings? (Circle one answer)
A.
Quantity surveyors
B.
Engineers
C.
Draftspeople
D.
Building surveyors
2
What information is provided in a copy of title?
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A
title
search can be used for many purposes, as it includes the names of the property owner(s), restrictions on the land, mortgage details, lease details and other relevant
information
associated with the property.
3
What are two things that can be learned from a soil report?
soil nutrient makeup
soil capacity bearing and reactivity
4
What is one method that the BCA would use to assess emerging technology?
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documentary evidence
5
Where a strip footing is being used, what must the minimum bearing capacity of the soil be? (Circle one)
A.
50 kPa
B.
75 kPa
C.
90 kPa
D.
100 kPa
6
The BCA classifies soil according to its stability. Describe the following classes of soil.
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Class A
Rock - rock site has no ground movement Sand - sand has little or no movement Class P
sites which include soft soils, loose sands, landslips, mine subsidence, collapsing soils, erosion, fill and abnormal moisture conditions
7
What unit are loads on a structure measured in?
kilo newtons per square meter
8
If a structure is defined as having reached equilibrium, what does that mean?
no further changes in the reactant and product concentrations occur; the reactions continue to occur, but at equivalent rates.
9
What is the minimum size allowed for cavity brick for a brick veneer wall? (Circle one)
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A.
25mm
B.
100mm
C.
150mm
D.
200mm
10
What are two ways that an employer can reduce the risk of employees suffering manual handling injuries?
avoid manual handling
providing information and training to workers on tasks and the use of equipment and correct handling techniques
11
Give two examples of incidents that must be reported to WorkSafe.
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death
a person needing medical treatment within 48 hours of being exposed to a substance
12
Name two things that an employer must do to ensure the safety of plant.
Provide and maintain safe plant and systems of work
Ensure that handling, storage and transport of plant and substances is safe and without risk to health
Student Declaration
:
I declare that the work
submitted is my own, and has not been copied or plagiarised from any person or source.
Name:
________________________
Signature:
________________________
Date: ____/_____/_____
ASSESSOR USE ONLY
Assessor:
I declare that I have conducted a fair, valid, reliable and flexible assessment with this student, and I have provided appropriate feedback
Name:
________________________
Signature:
________________________
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Date: ____/_____/_____
In the written assessment, did the
student:
Satisfactory:
Comments
Did the student answer all questions
correctly? (Please note which questions
were answered incorrectly, if applicable).
Yes
No
If ‘no’ to the above, did you identify gaps in
the student’s understanding and
knowledge?
Yes
No
If ‘yes’ to the above, what arrangements
have been made for reassessment?
Yes
No
Please add any further comments about this assessment on the Assessment Cover Sheet.
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