Module 3 Labs

© 2015 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 3 www.netacad.com Lab - Research Networking Standards Objectives • Research Networking Standards Organizations • Reflect on Internet and Computer Networking Experiences Background / Scenario Using web search engines like Google, research the non-profit organizations that are responsible for establishing international standards for the internet and the development of internet technologies. Required Resources Device with internet access Instructions Step 1: Research Networking Standards Organizations In this step, you will identify some of the major standards organizations and important characteristics, such as the number of years in existence, the size of their membership, the important historical figures, some of the responsibilities and duties, organi zational oversight role, and the location of the organization’s headquarters. Use a web browser or websites for various organizations to research information about the following organizations and the people who have been instrumental in maintaining them. You can find answers to the questions below by searching the following organizational acronyms and terms: ISO, ITU, ICANN, IANA, IEEE, EIA, TIA, ISOC, IAB, IETF, W3C, RFC, and Wi-Fi Alliance. Questions: 1. Who is Jonathan B. Postel and what is he known for? Type your answers here. 2. Which two related organizations are responsible for managing the top-level domain name space and the root Domain Name System (DNS) name servers on the internet? Type your answers here. 3. Vinton Cerf has been called one of main fathers of the internet. What internet organizations did he chair or help found? What internet technologies did he help to develop? Type your answers here. 4. What organization is responsible for publishing Request for Comments (RFC)? Type your answers here.

Lab - Research Networking Standards © 2015 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 2 of 3 www.netacad.com 5. What do RFC 349 and RFC 1700 have in common? Type your answers here. 6. What RFC number is the ARPAWOCKY? What is it? Type your answers here. 7. Who founded the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)? Type your answers here. 8. Name 10 World Wide Web (WWW) standards that the W3C develops and maintains? Type your answers here. 9. Where is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) headquarters located and what is the significance of its logo? Type your answers here. 10. What is the IEEE standard for the Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2) security protocol? Type your answers here. 11. Is the Wi-Fi Alliance a non-profit standards organization? What is their goal? Type your answers here. 12. Who is Hamadoun Touré? Type your answers here. 13. What is the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and where is it headquartered? Type your answers here. 14. Name the three ITU sectors. Type your answers here. 15. What does the RS in RS-232 stand for and which organization introduced it? Type your answers here. 16. What is SpaceWire? Type your answers here.

© 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 5 www.netacad.com Packet Tracer - Investigate the TCP/IP and OSI Models in Action Objectives Part 1: Examine HTTP Web Traffic Part 2: Display Elements of the TCP/IP Protocol Suite Background This simulation activity is intended to provide a foundation for understanding the TCP/IP protocol suite and the relationship to the OSI model. Simulation mode allows you to view the data contents being sent across the network at each layer. As data moves through the network, it is broken down into smaller pieces and identified so that the pieces can be put back together when they arrive at the destination. Each piece is assigned a specific name (protocol data unit [PDU]) and associated with a specific layer of the TCP/IP and OSI models. Packet Tracer simulation mode enables you to view each of the layers and the associated PDU. The following steps lead the user through the process of requesting a web page from a web server by using the web browser application available on a client PC. Even though much of the information displayed will be discussed in more detail later, this is an opportunity to explore the functionality of Packet Tracer and be able to visualize the encapsulation process. Instructions Part 1: Examine HTTP Web Traffic In Part 1 of this activity, you will use Packet Tracer (PT) Simulation mode to generate web traffic and examine HTTP. Step 1: Switch from Realtime to Simulation mode. In the lower right corner of the Packet Tracer interface are buttons that toggle between Realtime and Simulation mode. PT always starts in Realtime mode, in which networking protocols operate with realistic timings. However, a powerful feature of Packet Tracer allows the user to “ stop time ” by switching to Simulation mode. In Simulation mode, packets are displayed as animated envelopes, time is event driven, and the user can step through networking events. a. Click the Simulation mode icon to switch from Realtime mode to Simulation mode. b. Select HTTP from the Event List Filters . 1) HTTP may already be the only visible event. If necessary, click the Edit Filters button at the bottom of the simulation panel to display the available visible events. Toggle the Show All/None check box and notice how the check boxes switch from unchecked to checked or checked to unchecked, depending on the current state. 2) Click the Show All/None check box until all boxes are cleared and then select HTTP from the Misc tab of the Edit Filters window. Click the X in the upper right hand corner of the window to close the Edit Filters window. The Visible Events should now only display HTTP. Step 2: Generate web (HTTP) traffic. Currently the Simulation Panel is empty. There are five columns listed across the top of the Event List within the Simulation Panel. As traffic is generated and stepped through, events appear in the list.

Packet Tracer - Investigate the TCP/IP and OSI Models in Action © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 2 of 5 www.netacad.com Note : The Web Server and Web Client are displayed in the left pane. The panels can be adjusted in size by hovering next to the scroll bar and dragging left or right when the double-headed arrow appears. a. Click Web Client in the far left pane. b. Click the Desktop tab and click the Web Browser icon to open it. c. In the URL field, enter www.osi.local and click Go . Because time in Simulation mode is event-driven, you must use the Capture/Forward button to display network events. The capture forward button is located at the left hand side of the blue band that is below the topology window. Of the three buttons there, it is the one on the right. d. Click Capture/Forward four times. There should be four events in the Event List. Question: Look at the Web Client web browser page. Did anything change? Type your answers here. Step 3: Explore the contents of the HTTP packet. a. Click the first colored square box under the Event List > Type column. It may be necessary to expand the Simulation Panel or use the scrollbar directly below the Event List . The PDU Information at Device: Web Client window displays. In this window, there are only two tabs ( OSI Model and Outbound PDU Details ) because this is the start of the transmission. As more events are examined, there will be three tabs displayed, adding a tab for Inbound PDU Details . When an event is the last event in the stream of traffic, only the OSI Model and Inbound PDU Details tabs are displayed. b. Ensure that the OSI Model tab is selected. Under the Out Layers column, click Layer 7 . Questions: What information is listed in the numbered steps directly below the In Layers and Out Layers boxes for Layer 7? Type your answers here. What is the Dst Port value for Layer 4 under the Out Layers column? Type your answers here. What is the Dest. IP value for Layer 3 under the Out Layers column? Type your answers here. What information is displayed at Layer 2 under the Out Layers column? Type your answers here. c. Click the Outbound PDU Details tab. Information listed under the PDU Formats is reflective of the layers within the TCP/IP model. Note : The information listed under the Ethernet II section of the Outbound PDU Details tab provides even more detailed information than is listed under Layer 2 on the OSI Model tab. The Outbound PDU Details provides more descriptive and detailed information. The values under DEST MAC and SRC MAC

Packet Tracer - Investigate the TCP/IP and OSI Models in Action © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 4 of 5 www.netacad.com These extra entries play various roles within the TCP/IP suite. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) requests MAC addresses for destination hosts. DNS is responsible for converting a name (for example, www.osi.local ) to an IP address. The additional TCP events are responsible for connecting, agreeing on communication parameters, and disconnecting the communications sessions between the devices. These protocols have been mentioned previously and will be further discussed as the course progresses. Currently there are over 35 possible protocols (event types) available for capture within Packet Tracer. c. Click the first DNS event in the Type column. Explore the OSI Model and PDU Detail tabs and note the encapsulation process. As you look at the OSI Model tab with Layer 7 highlighted, a description of what is occurring is listed directly below the In Layers and Out Layers (“ 1. The DNS client sends a DNS query to the DNS server. ”). This is very useful information to help understand what is occurring during the communication process. d. Click the Outbound PDU Details tab. Question: What information is listed in the NAME field: in the DNS QUERY section? Type your answers here. e. Click the last DNS Info colored square box in the event list. Questions: At which device was the PDU captured? Type your answers here. What is the value listed next to ADDRESS : in the DNS ANSWER section of the Inbound PDU Details ? Type your answers here. f. Find the first HTTP event in the list and click the colored square box of the TCP event immediately following this event. Highlight Layer 4 in the OSI Model tab. Question: In the numbered list directly below the In Layers and Out Layers , what is the information displayed under items 4 and 5? Type your answers here. TCP manages the connecting and disconnecting of the communications channel along with other responsibilities. This particular event shows that the communication channel has been ESTABLISHED. g. Click the last TCP event. Highlight Layer 4 in the OSI Model tab. Examine the steps listed directly below In Layers and Out Layers . Question: What is the purpose of this event, based on the information provided in the last item in the list (should be item 4)? Type your answers here.

Packet Tracer - Investigate the TCP/IP and OSI Models in Action © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 5 of 5 www.netacad.com Challenge Questions This simulation provided an example of a web session between a client and a server on a local area network (LAN). The client makes requests to specific services running on the server. The server must be set up to listen on specific ports for a client request. (Hint: Look at Layer 4 in the OSI Model tab for port information.) Based on the information that was inspected during the Packet Tracer capture, what port number is the Web Server listening on for the web request? Type your answers here. What port is the Web Server listening on for a DNS request? Type your answers here. End of Document

Lab - Install Wireshark © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 2 of 2 www.netacad.com d. Keep the default settings on the Choose Components window and click Next . e. Choose your desired shortcut options and click Next . f. You can change the installation location of Wireshark, but unless you have limited disk space, it is recommended that you keep the default location. Click Next to continue. g. To capture live network data, Npcap must be installed on your PC. If Npcap is already installed on your PC, the Install check box will be unchecked. If your installed version of Npcap is older than the version that comes with Wireshark, it is recommended that you allow the newer version to be installed by clicking the Install Npcap x.x.x (version number) check box. Click Next to continue. h. Do NOT install USBPcap for normal traffic capture. Do NOT select the checkbox to install USBPcap . USBPcap is experimental, and it could cause USB problems on your PC. Click Install to continue. i. Wireshark starts installing its files and displays with the status of the installation. j. In a separate window, accept the license agreement in the Npcap Setup Wizard if installing Npcap. Click I Agree to continue. Click Install to install Npcap. Click Next to finish the Npcap installation and click Finish to exit the Npcap installation. k. Click Next when the Wireshark installation is complete. l. Click Finish to complete the Wireshark install process. Reboot the computer if necessary. End of Document

© 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 7 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Wireshark to View Network Traffic Topology Objectives Part 1: Capture and Analyze Local ICMP Data in Wireshark Part 2: Capture and Analyze Remote ICMP Data in Wireshark Background / Scenario Wireshark is a software protocol analyzer, or "packet sniffer" application, used for network troubleshooting, analysis, software and protocol development, and education. As data streams travel back and forth over the network, the sniffer "captures" each protocol data unit (PDU) and can decode and analyze its content according to the appropriate RFC or other specifications. Wireshark is a useful tool for anyone working with networks and can be used with most labs in the CCNA courses for data analysis and troubleshooting. In this lab, you will use Wireshark to capture ICMP data packet IP addresses and Ethernet frame MAC addresses. Required Resources • 1 PC (Windows with internet access) • Additional PCs on a local-area network (LAN) will be used to reply to ping requests. Using a packet sniffer such as Wireshark may be considered a breach of the security policy of the school. It is recommended that permission be obtained before running Wireshark for this lab. If using a packet sniffer such as Wireshark is an issue, the instructor may wish to assign the lab as homework or perform a walk-through demonstration.

Lab - Use Wireshark to View Network Traffic © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 3 of 7 www.netacad.com Close a Windows Command Prompt. Step 2: Start Wireshark and begin capturing data. a. Navigate to Wireshark on the Windows machine. Double-click the desired interface to start the packet cap- ture. Make sure the desired interface has traffic. b. Information will start scrolling down the top section in Wireshark. The data lines will appear in different colors based on protocol. This information can scroll by very quickly depending on what communication is taking place between your PC and the LAN. We can apply a filter to make it easier to view and work with the data that is being captured by Wireshark. For this lab, we are only interested in displaying ICMP (ping) PDUs. Type icmp in the Filter box at the top of Wireshark and press Enter, or click the Apply button (arrow sign) to view only ICMP (ping) PDUs. c. This filter causes all data in the top window to disappear, but you are still capturing the traffic on the interface. Navigate to a command prompt window and ping the IP address of the Linux (Ubuntu) machine. C:\> ping 192.168.1.114 Pinging 192.168.1.114 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.1.114: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.1.114: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.1.114: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.1.114: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.114: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Lab - Use Wireshark to View Network Traffic © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 4 of 7 www.netacad.com Notice that you start seeing data appear in the top window of Wireshark again. Note : If there are no replies to your pings, this may be because the PC firewall of the other machine is blocking these requests. Please see Appendix A: Allowing ICMP Traffic Through a Firewall for information on how to allow ICMP traffic through the firewall using Windows. d. Stop capturing data by clicking the Stop Capture icon. Step 3: Examine the captured data. In Step 3, examine the data that was generated by the ping requests. Wireshark data is displayed in three sec- tions: 1) The top section displays the list of PDU frames captured with a summary of the IP packet information listed; 2) the middle section lists PDU information for the frame selected in the top part of the screen and sep- arates a captured PDU frame by its protocol layers; and 3) the bottom section displays the raw data of each layer. The raw data is displayed in both hexadecimal and decimal form. a. Click the first ICMP request PDU frames in the top section of Wireshark. Notice that the Source column has your PC IP address, and the Destination column contains the IP address of the other PC that you pinged. b. With this PDU frame still selected in the top section, navigate to the middle section. Click the plus sign to the left of the Ethernet II row to view the destination and source MAC addresses. Questions: Does the source MAC address match your PC interface? Type your answers here. Does the destination MAC address in Wireshark match the other machine ' s MAC address?

Lab - Use Wireshark to View Network Traffic © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 6 of 7 www.netacad.com What is significant about this information? Type your answers here. How does this information differ from the local ping information you received in Part 1? Type your answers here. Close the Windows command prompt Reflection Question Why does Wireshark show the actual MAC address of the local hosts, but not the actual MAC address for the remote hosts? Type your answers here. Appendix A: Allowing ICMP Traffic Through a Firewall If the members of your team are unable to ping your PC, the firewall may be blocking those requests. This appendix describes how to create a rule in the firewall to allow ping requests. It also describes how to disable the new ICMP rule after you have completed the lab. Part 1: Create a new inbound rule allowing ICMP traffic through the firewall. a. Navigate to the Control Panel and click the System and Security option in the Category view. b. In the System and Security window, click Windows Defender Firewall or Windows Firewall . c. In the left pane of the Windows Defender Firewall or Windows Firewall window, click Advanced settings . d. On the Advanced Security window, click the Inbound Rules option on the left sidebar and then click New Rule… on the right sidebar. e. This launches the New Inbound Rule wizard. On the Rule Type screen, click the Custom radio button and click Next . f. In the left pane, click the Protocol and Ports option and using the Protocol Type drop-down menu, select ICMPv4 , and then click Next . g. Verify that Any IP address for both the local and remote IP addresses are selected. Click Next to continue. h. Select Allow the connection . Click Next to continue. i. By default, this rule applies to all the profiles. Click Next to continue. j. Name the rule with Allow ICMP Requests . Click Finish to continue. This new rule should allow your team members to receive ping replies from your PC. Part 2: Disabling or deleting the new ICMP rule. After the lab is complete, you may want to disable or even delete the new rule you created in Step 1. Using the Disable Rule option allows you to enable the rule again at a later date. Deleting the rule permanently deletes it from the list of inbound rules. a. On the Advanced Security window, click Inbound Rules in the left pane and then locate the rule you created previously.

Lab - Use Wireshark to View Network Traffic © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 7 of 7 www.netacad.com b. Right-click the ICMP rule and select Disable Rule if so desired. You may also select Delete if you want to permanently delete it. If you choose this option, you must re-create the rule again to allow ICMP replies. End of document