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Massachusetts Institute of Technology *
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Course
101
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Information Systems
Date
Nov 24, 2024
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docx
Pages
7
Uploaded by AdmiralGorillaMaster1016
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Week 4 - Discussion Forum
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Introduction
In the intricate realm of software design, the process is far from a one-size-fits-all
approach. Two broad classes of issues define the spectrum, wicked and tame problems, and each
substantially impacts the design technique (Ingeno, 2018). This conversation explores the many
approaches to solving complex and straightforward problems, revealing the underlying methods
and intricacies. Adaptive and iterative design procedures are required for wicked issues due to
their messy and dynamic nature, whereas structured and rule-based techniques are sufficient for
tame problems. The idea map and analysis focus on understanding the complex interplay
between tame issue characteristics like efficiency, scalability, and maintainability and wicked
problem characteristics like flexibility, cooperation, and continuous learning. By delving into the
relationship between appealing design features and considering software design assertions, we
may shed light on the subtle techniques needed to build practical software architectures that
address simple and complex challenges.
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Concept Map
Comparison of Design for Wicked and Tame Problems
Wicked Problems
Messy Design Process: The design approach for wicked issues is chaotic because, as our
awareness of the problem grows, we learn more about it through iterative processes. As the
intricacies of the problem emerge, it becomes imperative to refine it continuously.
Tradeoffs: Important considerations in wicked issue scenarios include balancing
stakeholders' viewpoints and adjusting solutions to the changing problem setting.
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Heuristic Nature: Solutions to wicked issues develop via learning rather than being
prescribed. Intuition and experience form the basis of design judgments (
Raami, 2019).
Evolutionary Design: With this approach, designs may stay malleable and flexible as
solutions to wicked issues emerge gradually.
Tame Problems
Structured Design Process: In contrast, a well-defined and scoped problem-based
structured design approach is appropriate for manageable challenges. The design process is
sequential, with clearly defined steps for requirements, design, and execution.
Optimized Tradeoffs: When dealing with minor issues, decisions are made based on well-
defined criteria, and tradeoffs are made within a set framework (
Sobhy et al., 2021).
Rule-Based Design: In rule-based design, design decisions are guided by established
procedures and best practices commonly used for tame issues.
Static Design: Designing and implementing solutions to manageable issues based on
initial needs results in static design, which leaves little room for significant adjustments.
Identifying Criteria for Desirable Design Characteristics
Wicked Problems
Flexibility: A design for a wicked issue has to be flexible enough to respond to the
dynamics of the problem as it evolves.
Collaboration: When solving wicked issues, including a wide range of stakeholders in the
design phase is crucial.
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Continuous Learning: Designing for continuous learning and exploring the subtleties of
wicked challenges is essential.
Tame Problems
Efficiency: Performance and resource usage are the primary goals of designs for tame
issues, emphasizing efficiency.
Scalability: Designing for benign problems requires careful thought of scalability or the
capacity to accommodate future growth and development.
Maintainability: Designing with maintainability in mind allows for easy upgrades and
maintenance, which is especially important for manageable problems.
Analyzing Design Characteristics Interaction
Flexibility vs. Efficiency
Wicked Problems: Prioritize flexibility to accommodate evolving requirements.
Tame Problems: Strive for efficiency within the established design framework.
Collaboration vs. Scalability
Wicked Problems: Extensive collaboration may impact scalability.
Tame Problems: Scalability considerations might limit the depth of collaboration.
Continuous Learning vs. Maintainability
Wicked Problems: Continuous learning may require frequent adjustments, impacting
maintainability.
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Tame Problems: Emphasis on maintainability might limit opportunities for continuous
learning.
Opinion on Software Design Claims
When dealing with wicked issues, the assertions that software design is clumsy, based on
heuristics, and involves compromises become even more apparent. Aligning with the concepts of
creativity and innovation, iterative and adaptive design approaches are necessary to address these
complicated difficulties. Heuristic design works well for dealing with changing issue landscapes,
and real-world examples like agile development techniques back this up (
Osaba et al., 2021).
Conclusion
In conclusion, different methods are required to design solutions for wicked and tame
situations. Adaptability, teamwork, and constant learning are crucial in wicked issue settings, as
highlighted by the idea map and analysis. No matter the challenge, good software architecture
relies on striking a balance between competing design traits.
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References
Ingeno, J. (2018). Software Architect's Handbook: Become a successful software architect by
implementing practical architecture concepts. Packt Publishing Ltd.
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ashford-ebooks/detail.action?docID=5504926
.
Osaba, E., Villar-Rodriguez, E., Del Ser, J., Nebro, A. J., Molina, D., LaTorre, A., ... & Herrera,
F. (2021). A tutorial on the design, experimentation, and application of metaheuristic
algorithms to real-world optimization problems.
Swarm and Evolutionary
Computation
,
64
, 100888.
https://sci2s.ugr.es/sites/default/files/ficherosPublicaciones/2895_A_Practical_Tutorial_f
or_Optimization__Problems.pdf
Raami, A. (2019). Towards solving the impossible problems.
Sustainability, human well-being,
and the future of education
, p.
201
.
https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/22996/1007165.pdf?
sequence=1#page=213
Sobhy, D., Bahsoon, R., Minku, L., & Kazman, R. (2021). Evaluation of software architectures
under uncertainty: A systematic literature review.
ACM Transactions on Software
Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
,
30
(4), 1-50.
https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/files/131966675/paper_final.pdf