CJ 305 5-2 Project One
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5-2 Project One : Technological Tools and Police Goals
Author: Keisha Williams-Ferguson
Affiliation: Southern New Hampshire University
Course: CJ-305- T3065 Technology in Criminal Justice 23EW1
Instructor: Patrick Cheetham
Date: February 5, 2023.
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Good cooperation improves the confidence and trusts that a society posts towards the
police department. However, crime rates and patterns are increasing daily, and a need exists for
proper planning and administration of policies in society. Therefore, citizens should participate in
policing meetings that bring together different actors in the criminal system of justice. The paper
uses an introductory scenario to demonstrate how predictive policing can be shown in society.
Predictive policing predicts potential criminal activities committed by an individual or a
syndicate in each area using mathematics and other analytical techniques to show crime patterns.
The system also allows police officers to control criminal and deviant activities in society
(Egbert & Leese, 2021). Law enforcers use crime maps to ensure predictive policing is improved
in each area and promote transparency and accountability by giving detailed crime data and
crime prevention information. These maps predict the deployment pattern that individuals
involved in criminal activities apply. In addition, police officers use these maps to predict the
possible movement of criminals from one area to another, and this helps them organize for
arrests.
Based on the scenario, the goal of predictive policing accomplished is to provide police
with relevant information on crimes. The information obtained by police helps them reduce risk
and control the growth of criminal gangs in society. The system tends to use data on broken
houses and the pattern used by criminals to commit their acts. Some factors that the police used
to predict potential criminal activities included the sequence of crimes committed. For example,
it primes not during hours that individuals are out for their official duties. Criminals use force to
break into homes and steal their belongings, which is against the law.
In the scenario presented, police officers collected fingerprints from the houses that had
been broken into to identify criminals. The additional tools for law enforcement are facial
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recognition systems and basic geolocation technology. Some of these tools help the police to
notice the movement of criminals and how they commit crimes in society. Facial recognition
technology will supplement fingerprints to identify individuals involved in criminal actions.
Using hotspots will enable officers to develop a system that focuses on a specific area highly
affected by the prevailing illegal activities. Some of these additional tools help to improve the
method used to analyze data collected in some police investigation programs.
Predictive policing contains various advantages for the police. Some pros include
improving crime prevention, increasing justice, and improving security. Some of these pros
enable police agencies to work with high levels of confidentiality and promote service delivery.
However, predictive policing tends to affect the privacy of police agencies. The data used for
analysis in the above system tend to be big and contain various unique details of officers. The
system has raised many security concerns as it affects and alters data accuracy (Egbert & Leese,
2021). The reliability of the data obtained tends to be biased or inaccurate, as anyone involved
can easily change the information.
The introduction of various platforms can regulate criminal activities that allow citizens
to present their grievances and ensure their security (Manirojana & Sasithornsaovapa, 2019).
There are other technology platforms available that could assist police during this investigation.
These include software that promotes digital forensics. Examples of such platforms include
Imperva Attack Analytics, Extra Hop, DNA toolkit, and FTK Forensic Toolkit (Wagner et al.,
2019). These technologies identify individuals using their genetic matter, which will help police
officers carry out investigations. In addition, it uses crime reports and various arrest records
offered by the police department to enhance the analysis of activities. The system of predictive
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policing tends to apply technology to collect and present data that is later analyzed to enhance
criminal control in society.
The best case law that surrounds the system of predictive policing is where police
officials failed to produce some information relevant to a scenario. Police officials argued that
some data could not be released as they must maintain privacy and confidentiality. The current
lawsuit concerns surrounding the above predictive policing included one where they discussed
why police officers visited individuals to reduce crime. Bias can be introduced into a predictive
policing scheme, affecting the fundamental data analysis. According to Heaven, 2021, "arrest
information biases predictive tools because police are known to detain more people of color and
other minority neighborhoods, which leads algorithms to direct more policing to those areas,
which leads to more arrests. The result is that predictive tools withhold police patrols: some
neighborhoods are unfairly designated crime hot spots while others are under-policed."
References
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Egbert, S., & Leese, M. (2021).
Criminal futures: Predictive policing and everyday police work
(p. 242).
Taylor & Francis.
Heaven, W. D. D. (2021).
Predictive policing is still racist-whatever data it uses
. MIT
Technology Review.
https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/02/05/1017560/predictive-policing-racist-
algorithmic-bias-data-crime-predpol/#:~:text=It's%20no%20secret%20that
%20predictive,lessen%20bias%20has%20little%20effect
.
Wagner, J., Rasin, A., Heart, K., Jacob, R., & Grier, J. (2019).
DB3F & DF-Toolkit: The
Database Forensic File Format and the Database Forensic Toolkit
. Digital Investigation.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1742287619301598