Historiography-1

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Purdue University *

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394

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History

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Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Historiography is the study of historical writing and historical perspectives. It's the study of how historical recording and interpretations of the same events shift with time as a result of many different factors. Historiography helps us understand that societal , political , economic , and other issues may alter the recording of history over time. Use your History IA Topic to complete this activity. Step 1: In this box, describe your historical topic. Include a description of the general historical event. To what extent was Bhagat Singh responsible for India’s Independence? Step 2: Conduct research on how historians have approached your topic to examine how historical recording and interpretations about the topic or event may have shifted over time . Your job will be to find three different historical perspectives on the event–that means SECONDARY sources. These perspectives may reveal a different focus, knowledge claim, etc. For each source, do the following: ● Include the source citation ● Include the perspective and time/context the interpretation was produced/view was adopted ● In a paragraph, examine the perspective. Discuss the historian (WHO SAID THIS?) and their approach (consider perspective list from notes or common approaches like Marxist/economic determinism or feminist). Include commentary on how this perspective adds to the historical conversation on your topic. Source 1: Inquilab: Bhagat Singh on Religion & Revolution Perspective/Time: Indian Freedom Movement Examination of perspective: The document contains Bhagat Singh's own writings and thoughts on the topics of religion and revolution. Bhagat Singh believed in the development of the mind and the importance of using it to its fullest potential. He emphasizes living a purposeful life on Earth rather than seeking salvation in the afterlife. Bhagat Singh's ideas were influenced by his exposure to various ideologies, including socialism and communism.

He was critical of certain aspects of religious practices but valued the essence of religious tolerance and harmony. Bhagat Singh expressed his concerns about the exploitation of the masses by the British colonial rulers and capitalist systems. The document might provide insights into Bhagat Singh's vision for an independent India, based on principles of equality and justice. Bhagat Singh was deeply committed to the idea of overthrowing British rule through revolutionary means. He believed that the youth had a significant role to play in the struggle for independence and should be at the forefront of the movement. Bhagat Singh's writings continue to be a source of inspiration for people, highlighting his enduring legacy in the fight against oppression and colonialism. Source 2: imprints of bhagat singh in indian independence movement: a historical overview Perspective/Time: Indian Independence Examination of perspective:  Bhagat Singh was born into a Sikh family in British India in 1907.  His family had a history of involvement in Indian independence movements, with some members having served in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army.  Bhagat Singh was attracted to anarchist and Marxist ideologies and studied European revolutionary movements.  He became a prominent leader of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) after being involved in various revolutionary organizations.  Bhagat Singh was involved in the murder of British police officer John Saunders in retaliation for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai at the hands of the police.  He gained widespread national support during his 116-day fast in jail, demanding equal rights for British and Indian political prisoners.  Singh, along with Batukeshwar Dutt, undertook a bomb throwing incident in the Central Legislative Assembly, aiming to draw attention to their cause.  He was arrested and faced trial by a Special Tribunal, ultimately leading to his conviction and subsequent hanging at the age of 23.  Bhagat Singh's execution and legacy inspired Indian youth to join the fight for Indian independence.  He remains an iconic figure in modern India, with memorials and statues commemorating his contributions in the Indian Parliament and other places. Source 3: The Indian Independence Struggle (1930-1931) Perspective/Time: Indian Independence Movement

Examination of perspective: 1. The Salt March of 1930-1931, led by Mohandas Gandhi, is the central focus of the document. 2. The Salt March, although it did not directly lead to Indian independence, significantly weakened British authority in India. 3. The campaign encompassed a range of strategic actions, including boycotts, civil disobedience, picketing, and more. 4. One of the campaign's main targets was the salt tax, seen as a symbol of British oppression. 5. Widespread civil disobedience followed the Salt March, involving various forms of protest, including illegal salt-making, burning British cloth, and picketing shops selling foreign cloth. 6. The campaign also addressed issues beyond independence, such as Hindu-Muslim unity and the elimination of the caste system. 7. The Salt March led to Gandhi's arrest, but this did not diminish the momentum of the movement; it energized it further. 8. The Dharasana Salt Works nonviolent invasion was a key event during the campaign, drawing international attention and sympathy for the Indian cause. 9. Following the Salt March, negotiations with British officials led to the Gandhi-Irwin pact and invitations for Gandhi to attend Round Table talks in London about Indian independence. 10. The document emphasizes that the Salt March typifies Gandhi's approach to civil resistance, characterized by its symbolism, mass participation, and global impact.

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