CaitlinVelloso_RockIdentification
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Delaware Valley University *
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Subject
Geology
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
docx
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Uploaded by DoctorMongoose1933
Caitlin Velloso 2/26/21
Rocks and the Rock Cycle
Igneous Rock Identification Chart
Sample #
Composition
Texture
Comments
Rock Name
Example
Quartz/Feldspar
Aphanitic
Mostly pink
Rhyolite
1
Mafic
Aphanitic
Dark Gray
Basalt
2
Felsic
Glassy
Black
Obsidian
3
Felsic
Vesicular
White/Gray
Pumice
4
Mafic
Phaneritic
White/Black
Speckled
Gabbro
5
Felsic
Phaneritic
Pink/Black
Speckled
Granite
Sedimentary Rock Identification Chart
Sample #
Texture (Clastic,
Chemical or
Biochemical)
Composition (what
you see or detect in
the rock/minerals
present)
Rock Name
Comments
Example
Chemical
Dolomite
Dolomite
1
Clastic
Rock Fragments
Conglomerate
Fizzes when powdered
2
Clastic
Mud
Shale
Large fragments
3
Biochemical
Fossils, Calcite
Fossiliferous
Limestone
Fizzes in acid
4
Chemical
Halite
Rock Salt
Tastes salty
5
Clastic
Sand up to 2mm
Quartz
Sandstone
Feels like sand
Metamorphic Rock Identification Chart
Sample
#
Texture (Foliated
or Non-foliated)
Composition (what you
see in the rock/minerals
present)
Rock
Name
Parent
Rock
Comments
Exampl
e
Foliated
Tiny crystals, Shiny
surface
Phyllite
Slate
1
Foliated
Quartz, Biotite,
Hornblende
Gneiss
Granite,
Schist
Shiny Layers,
Banding
2
Non-Foliated
Quartz
Marble
Limestone
Fizzes in acid
3
Foliated
Varies Depending on Type
Common Minerals: Mica,
Chlorite, Amphibole
Schist
Phyllite,
Slate
Very flaky,
layered
4
Foliated
Mud
Slate
Shale
Very fine
grained
5
Non-Foliated
Calcite
Quartzite
Sandstone
Pink/Tan
Questions:
1.
Based on the rock cycle and what you have observed about igneous rocks, what processes help create igneous
rocks?
Based on the rock cycle and what I have observed about igneous rocks, the processes that help create igneous rocks are when rocks melt and turn into molten rock, then when they are cooled.
2.
Based on the rock cycle and what you have observed about sedimentary rocks, what processes help create sedimentary rocks?
Based on the rock cycle and what I have observed about sedimentary rocks, the processes that help create sedimentary rocks are when rocks are compacted and cemented into sediments and become new rocks, and erosion and weathering take place and shape these rocks as well.
3.
Based on the rock cycle and what you have observed about metamorphic rocks, what processes help create metamorphic rocks?
Based on the rock cycle and what I have observed about metamorphic rocks, the processes that help create metamorphic rocks are when rocks undergo intense heat and pressure and change composition. 4.
Speculate on how the different processes of the rock cycle relate to the various rock textures. In other words, what role do the various processes (for each rock type) play in determining their textures?
Depending on which different process of the rock cycle happen to each rock, that will determine what their texture is. For example, when molten rock cools to form large crystals, the igneous rock that is there as a result of that will have a pegmatitic texture. When large pieces of rock get cemented into a sediment, the texture of the sedimentary rock will be clastic because these large pieces will be visible in the rock. When a rock goes under lots
of pressure like in the making of a metamorphic rock, the minerals may become aligned with each other which would create a foliated texture.
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