Abdus Khan - Unit 4 -- Week 13-- Physics in the Universe
pdf
keyboard_arrow_up
School
John F. Kennedy University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
100
Subject
Geology
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
Pages
6
Uploaded by ElderCaterpillarMaster574
94/100 SLO 01/21/2024
Signed //
Sha±²³n Oet´±µ¶r
//
Physics in the Universe
Unit 4 -- Week 13 Assignments - Earth’s Early History
Capital City - Mrs. Oetinger
1. Textbook Reading Assignment
In your textbook, read the chapter entitled “Earth’s Early History”, pages 99-105.
2. Vocabulary Definitions:
As you read through the text,
briefly
fill in the table below with the
definition of each vocabulary word. The first one is completed as an example.
Word
Definition
Solar System
The system that holds the sun and all the planets, including the Earth, that
move around it.
Accretion
the process of growth or increase, typically by the gradual accumulation of
additional layers or matter.
Accretion Disk
a disklike flow of gas, plasma, dust, or particles around any astronomical
object in which the material orbiting in the gravitational field of the object
loses energy and angular momentum as it slowly spirals inward.
Asteroid
a minor planet—an object that is neither a true planet nor a comet—that
orbits within the inner Solar System.
Protoplanet
a rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas surrounding a young newly formed
star
Heavy Bombardment
(Period)
4.5 to 3.8 billion years ago
Meteorite
a rock that falls to Earth from space
Radiometric Dating
Radiometric dating calculates an age in years for geologic materials by
measuring the presence of a short-life radioactive element
Lunar Rock
rock originating from Earth's Moon
Plate Tectonics
a theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated
phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates
which move slowly over the underlying mantle.
Erosion
the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural
94/100 SLO 01/21/2024
Signed //
Sha±²³n Oet´±µ¶r
//
agents.
Radioactive Decay
the emission of energy in the form of ionizing radiation
3.
Concept Review:
After completing the reading, please answer the following questions by
highlighting or underlining the correct choice.
1. Why have no rocks from Earth's time of formation been found on Earth?
a.
The rocks sank to the bottom of the oceans.
b.
They were pulled into outer space.
c.
They disappeared without a trace.
d.
Earth's surface was molten and could not form solid rock.
2. A technique used to date materials such as rocks and carbon
a.
Asteroids
b.
Rock record
c.
Radioactive decay
d.
Radiometric dating
3. Because so little can be found of the first rocks formed on Earth, the best evidence
for the early formation of our planet comes from studying which of the following?
a.
Asteroids, lunar rocks, and other objects in the solar system
b.
The formation of gas elements through fusion in our Sun
c.
Weathering and erosion patterns
d.
Fluctuations in chemical compositions of successive lava flows
4. According to the timeline of the formation of the solar system we can
conclude ______.
a.
The Sun formed first.
b.
Earth formed first.
c.
Earth formed last.
d.
The Sun formed last.
5. Solid, irregular-shaped rocky masses that orbit the Sun, which are made up of
materials similar to those that formed the planets, such as clay, silicate, nickel, and
94/100 SLO 01/21/2024
Signed //
Sha±²³n Oet´±µ¶r
//
iron
a.
Asteroids
b.
Radiometric dating
c.
Erosion
d.
Rock record
6. Why are the oldest rocks found on Earth still not a good representation of the first
rocks that would have been formed?
a.
The life forms on Earth have changed the composition of rocks.
b.
The ice age produced a flood that destroyed all history of the rocks.
c.
Earth went through a heat spell that melted the surface.
d.
Rocks have been exposed to many processes that can change their original form, such as
weathering and erosion.
7. All rock that currently exists, which geologists use to understand Earth’s history
a.
Radioactive decay
b.
Rock record
c.
Erosion
d.
Asteroids
8. The process by which water, ice, wind, and gravity remove and transport sediments
from one place to another
a.
Erosion
b.
Asteroids
c.
Radiometric dating
d.
Rock record
9. Why could the age of an asteroid be used to estimate the age of Earth?
a.
The atmosphere in space allows for weathering.
b.
Space has an atmosphere that is caustic and maintains the composition of rocks.
c.
Space has no atmosphere, which causes chemical deposition.
d.
Space has no atmosphere and does not undergo weathering and erosion
10. Radioactive decay can best be described as
a.
The breakdown of an unstable nucleus into a nucleus with lighter mass by the
spontaneous emission of energy and matter
b.
A technique used to date materials such as rocks and carbon
c.
The process by which water, ice, wind, and gravity remove and transport sediments from
one place to another
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
94/100 SLO 01/21/2024
Signed //
Sha±²³n Oet´±µ¶r
//
d.
Solid, irregular-shaped rocky masses that orbit the Sun, which are made up of materials
similar to those that formed the planets, such as clay, silicate, nickel, and iron
4. Content Connection Video
Watch the two Content Connection Videos. The first is entitled
“Earth’s Early History
”. To
access this video…
1) Log into your SCUSD Clever Page.
2) Click on your digital textbook app for “Stemscopes”.
3) When you open up Stemscopes, you will be able to see the link to the
Content Connection Video you are supposed to watch.
A. Earth’s Early History -
After watching the video, answer the following questions below
please, not in the lab:
1. Describe the solar system approximately 4.6 billion years ago.
The Sun and the planets formed together, 4.6 billion years ago, from a cloud of gas and dust
called the solar nebula
2. Summarize how protoplanets formed.
form out of kilometer-sized planetesimals that gravitationally perturb each other's orbits and
collide, gradually coalescing into the dominant planets.
3. Why have scientists not found evidence for heavy bombardment of leftover asteroids
and meteoroids?
due to the relatively short timescales and rare occurrences of such events in the history of the
solar system.
4. Where has evidence been found for this time period of heavy bombardment?
moon rock samples of Lunar craters brought back by the Apollo program astronauts.
5. How can scientists find the age of rocks?
94/100 SLO 01/21/2024
Signed //
Sha±²³n Oet´±µ¶r
//
radiometric dating
B. Less than Five - How was Planet Earth Formed -
For the 2nd video for this chapter, I
would like you to watch an SCUSD approved Youtube video entitled
“Less than Five - How
was Planet Earth Formed”
. The video is less than 4 minutes long. You can use the following
link to view the video.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U3QM7o-egXo&ab_channel=Astronimate
After watching the video, please answer the following questions
.
1. What is the solar nebula?
gaseous cloud from which, in the so-called nebular hypothesis of the origin of the solar
system, the Sun and planets formed by condensation
2. Explain how gravity is thought to have played a role in the formation of the Sun.
smaller particles are attracted together, bound into larger particles by the force of gravity
3. What ingredients make up the Earth’s rocky core?
iron and nickel
4. In your own words, briefly describe the theory of how Earth’s moon was formed.
giant-impact theory
5. What is believed to be the history of comet’s in our solar system?
comets were formed when the Sun and solar system passed through an interstellar dust cloud
94/100 SLO 01/21/2024
Signed //
Sha±²³n Oet´±µ¶r
//
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help