WORKSHEET - Working with Fault Blocks1
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Apr 3, 2024
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Fault Block Modeling for Structural Geology
NOTE: Make room in this worksheet as necessary to accommodate your responses.
Insert your three photos and label each one to associate with fault type, or upload them separately with the file names to associate with the three fault types. 1.
Are NORMAL faults caused by tension, compression or shearing? Explain your answer.
a.
Normal faults are caused by tension, when the tension acts upon the crust, pulling the earth’s crust apart, causing stretching and making it thinner.
2.
In your NORMAL fault model demonstration, which way does the hanging wall move with respect to the footwall?
a.
The hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall due to the tension forces pulling the crust apart.
3.
In your model demonstration of a NORMAL fault, which way does Point A move relative to Point C? a.
Point A moves upward, and Point C moves downward.
4.
As a result of a NORMAL fault, are the rock layers (X, Y, Z) still continuous? Explain.
a.
the rock layers (X, Y, Z) are not continuous because the hanging wall slips downward along the fault plane.
5.
Near what type of plate boundary (convergent, divergent, or transform) would you likely find a NORMAL fault, and why?
a.
A normal fault consists of a divergent plate boundary because the plates move away from each other.
6.
Are REVERSE faults caused by tension, compression or shearing? Explain your answer.
a.
By compression because the two sides are being pushed against each other.
7.
In your REVERSE fault model demonstration, which way does the hanging wall move with respect to the footwall?
a.
The hanging wall moves upward with respect towards the footwall.
8.
In your model demonstration of a REVERSE fault, which way does Point A move relative to Point C? a.
Point A moves downward, and Point C moves upward.
9.
REVERSE fault – As a result of this fault, explain what has happened to rock layer X relative
to rock layer Y. a.
The crust has shortened on rock layer X relative to rock layer Y.
10. Near what type of plate boundary (convergent, divergent, or transform) would you likely find a REVERSE fault, and why? a.
Reverse faults are a convergent plate boundary because they are separating and
being compressed creates a reverse fault.
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GLY1010L - Physical Geology Lab- updated 2020
Fault Block Modeling for Structural Geology
11. Are STRIKE-SLIP faults caused by tension, compression or shearing? Explain your answer. a.
Strike-slip faults are caused by shearing because they act upon the crust.
12. In your STRIKE-SLIP fault model demonstration, the offset is visible only from the top view. Why is this? a.
The offset is visible from the top view because each side moves either upward or
downward.
13. If you were standing at point F and looking across the fault, which way did the other block move relative to you (e.g. left, right, up, or down)? a.
The other block relative to me would move down.
14. What likely happened to the road as a result of the fault offset that occurred during the earthquake? Also, what likely would happen to the river? Explain both answers. a.
The river would also most likely change its position as well due to the result of the fault offset.
15. Slickensides are most associated with strike-slip faults. Explain how slickensides are used to
determine the slip orientation (direction of movement) of the fault plane. a.
the pressure on each side of the faulting moving against the other which indicates that it may be smoother in the direction.
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GLY1010L - Physical Geology Lab- updated 2020
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