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Geology 18ab « Fal 2021 JEBTESEA by ratio(sometimes clled the epresentativ fraction', For example: 3 Faioscale(representatvefracton) of 1:62,500(or 1/62,500 expresed 5 Feresentative fraction) means tht 1 o any unioflength we use to messure 3 disance on our map i el 0 62,50 o those same unitson the ground. S0 i my map has o fepresentatve facton of 162,500, tmeans that 1 ngh ofdistance on the map. Eonresponds 1 62,500 nches o the ground. Looking at the San Jose E3st auad, what s the representative fraction lsted for tis map? (2 points) TR sk A3-Ahey 5 Howmany feeton theground ar represented by 2 nches o the map? (2 oints) e Worth: 5 Another way o think sbout a representative facton i tha t expreses the magnificaton’orreall the reducton’ meaning how much the distances inthe real workd ar reduced 5o that they ca be epresented on a particlar map). For working with maps i general, and especially i the onlne environment, how ‘useul isthe Fepresentative fraction? int: s you oom i on the igal map what hapoens o the raphicscle on your screen? What happens t th representatie faction? Explain. (¢ points) e fruction 5 able 1o prort e 1 f f . pace o s vegy " yerol 61 gt oo, fie g oo fctin bl 7 A il distee This is berause, as we 2 300m M, uk ae VUG i stacees 7 o aven, wok koo el sape ]

Geology 1.ab » all 2001 Problem2. (0P Up the graphic e labeld CA_ EastSanjose_7.5min (i may ake few seconds o load 0 maxium resolution depending on the memory o your computer). This -+ standard U5 (GeolagicalSurvey 7.5-minute Topographic map (he “East San Jose undrangle) Thi b an old map oiginally from 1961.an revsed using eril photography in 1968 and 1973 3¢ San Jose began o really growfrom a relatively sma town 103 arger ity characterized by cxpanding suburbs. % g a: Serolltothe bottom of the map and n the ceter long the bottom you il find tree Braphic (ba)scles. Zoom I o tht these raphic (br) scales are el sl What arethe units ofthese sclesgoin from top to botom? (2 points) top ,.u\ . DR e - b, How much total distanc (fom the left s pont tothe right most paint) i shown on each graphic (bar) scale? (3 poins) B liloiies S e T “lrfor mesuring dtance on this i, Hold one ede fteshee of paer o Yourcompote e and plac st Barel below th uppermast scae Carful, Uing thescle bar and penel mark asmallvertical e on your paer st blow th I it endoftheuppermost scale. Mke second mark ot beow the 0 n he Scal bt How much mapditance s epresented b he ol you jus made? (2 points) Jmile ’ nfle left ) 0, 4, WITHOUT ZOOMING IN OR OUT, scrollup long the et (west) edge o the map untl Jou find the ntersection of Alm Ave. and Monterey Rd. Using the paper rler you ust made determine the approximate ditance along Monterey R. from this ntersecton (o where Monterey Ro. crosses Capitol Expressway (brand new at th tme this map was made).(poins) 35 piles at gives the numercal i faipes et om0 e ground. This scale is felationshp between i on the map and tre distance

IO 1130 * ran cuss Geology 14ab » Fall 2021 problem3. Athough s sometimes dfficult to comprehend because of the vt timescales involved, the tectonic platesofthe Eath' thosphere are moving, Understanding the movement of plates requires working with ates. : 3. The average distance betwéen the Afrcan late and the Eurasian Plate s 450 k. What s thisdistance i centimeters? (Conversion factors; 1 km = 1000 m; 1m = 100cm (3 points) i leccel -y 510 on B Thg " ho b Whats thedistinc in (3)n inches (Conversion factors: 1 in = 254 cm) (2 points) Rgpdhex s, = 1 Bxe in . the Affcanplate s moving northward toward the Eurasian plate at a velocity of 15 mimfyr, how long (nyears) wil i be before the Afcan and Eurasin platescollide? {Conversion factors: 1 km = 1000 m; 1.m = 100 .cm = 10 mm) (S points) Review for nit conversions with this helpful vdeo from Khan Academy: Vo0iZ2p8Rfe s eevoutube il fws youts comfuatchiy

Geology 1 Lab « Fai 2021 . Express the resultin (2 ininches. (Conversion factors: 1 km = 1000 ;1 m = 100 ey 1 in =254 cm) (4 points) %) km ) gl e g e 0 = [ e € Ifamarathon runner averages a speed of 1 k/hr, how many minutes wil i toke for the rumnerto complete the marathon? (Converson fators: 1 hour = 60 min) (4 points) 9 ot balpe DAL mw x > ) s i 2 ¢ RaaloTin Problem2. . It ook you 2 hours to drive 176 miles o Fresno, were you breaking the law on the vay there (whati your speed or velocity in miles/hour)? (2 points) B o8 les e Blesfhe 5T mlsfhe . brelig e s b, Inmany countries .8 Canad),speeds for drving are given n Klometers/hour (k/hv). Ifyou commonly drive the speed you determined in () onfreeways inthe US, what would be your speed n k/hr ifyou were driving the equivalent speed on a freeway in Canada? (Conversion factors: 1mi = 16093 k) (3 points) 8 /he x —i—(fl vy km /e . Bxpress your esultin (5) in eters/second (m/s) Converson facors: k = 1000m; 1 hour = 60 min; 1 min=603) (5 points) [ - }‘f‘w "o

Lab 1: Unit Conversions and Map Scale Part 1. Converting Units Measurementsn science (e.8.length, mass, volume) are made inspecific units (e ¢ centimeters, grams, iters). Additionally, many problems n science (and geology is o exception) require measurements of quantities that change with time, o rates (e, velocity = distancelftime). Being comfortable with converting between units i citcal o success in this lab andis an important transferable skil that you will need no matter what you do in your ife beyond the classroom. You have quitelikely carried out calclations ke these before taing. thisab (e.g. high school chemistry o physis). Nevertheless, we will 40 a few calulations just tomake sure that you are comfortable with the types of conversions you may encounter in this Here are few things to remember. Any number divided by 1 equals tself and any number multipied by 1 equals itself: 8 1 8x1 % | <Additionaly, any number divided by itself equals 1: 15 5 These are especally useful when we have a measurement that is made in one set of units and need to convert it to a ifferent set of nits. In rder to do this, we must know the conversion factor. You intultively use conversion factors without thinking about it for everyday siuations. Converting between units o time is a common example. You know that 1 minute = 60 seconds, Jf we have a problem that s given in minutes and we want to know the answer n seconds,then then we must divide both sides of this equation by the number of minutes to get our ractional conversion factor: 1min _60sec T~ Tmin