GEO109_SCI210_Lab 8 Contour Maps SP23

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GEO 109L – Earth, Environment, & Society Lab SCI 210L – The Dynamic Earth Lab Lab Exercise 8 - Topographic/Contour Maps Introduction In this lab you will be using topographic maps to help visualize features on the Earth's surface. This lab will help you become familiar with general topographic map features and symbols along with how contour lines help represent the elevation changes and shapes of geologic features. In addition, we will compare this to using Google Earth, including overlaying topographic maps in Google Earth. Part 1 – General Contour Map Questions – use Figure 1 (see last page – instructor will provide printed copy to draw on) 1. Index contour lines are shown on topographic maps as bold brown lines with an associated number, or value. Find the three index contour lines in Figure 1 and list the value associated with each (for a total of three values). Values are in feet. Answer in this column of the table… 2 . Based on the index contour lines, what is the contour interval for this map? 3. What is the relief (difference in elevation) between points A and B? Show your work, including the elevation you determined for A and B 4. Of the four slopes shown with red arrows and labeled 1 – 4, which is the steepest? Explain why. 5. Hills are represented on topographic maps as a series of roughly circular, closed contour lines. Which of the landforms labeled A – F are hills? Lab 8 | 1 NAME: ____________________Table # _____

6. Depressions of the land surface are basins without outlets. When contours go back down inside a hill, they are marked with small hatchures, or cross lines, to denote a depression. Which of the landforms labeled A – F represent a depression? Review the USGS Topographic Map Symbols guide to see an example of this symbol. Answer in this column of the table… 7. When contour lines cross a stream, they form a V, which points upstream. Draw arrows on the three streams of Figure 1 that point in the direction of stream flow. Elevation can also be used as a clue to stream flow direction 8. To determine the elevation of a point that does not fall directly on a contour line, estimate the value between the two bordering contour lines. What is the approximate elevation for point N? Part 2 – General Contour Map Questions – – use Figure 2 (see last page, or printout provided in lab) Draw contour lines on Figure 2 to create a topographic map. Watch the example videos in Isidore Resources for how to draw contour lines. 9. Draw contour lines using a contour interval of 20 feet. Use the100 foot index contour line as your starting point and draw in the remaining contour lines that increase and decrease from that line. Tips:  Use the index contour line as your guide. All other contour lines should roughly match its shape.  Contour lines of different elevations should never cross  Not every number will have a line drawn through it. Only those with the exact value of that line.  A line might “go off the page” and then come back again at the edges of the map  When a line crosses a stream it makes a V that points upstream. 10. After you complete the contour lines, draw an arrow for each stream on the map to indicate which way they are flowing. Only one or two arrows is needed per stream. 2

Part 3 – University of Dayton Area – Dayton South Topo Map – pdf/hard copy Download the Dayton South Topo Map from Isidore to answer the first several questions, You will also use a close up, annotated screen shot of the section of the map where UD is located (upper part of the map). 11. Using the legend on the pdf map, what is the contour interval of this map? Answer here… 12. Using the legend on the pdf map, what is the fractional scale of this map? Use the annotated screenshot of the map that includes the University of Dayton (see below) to answer the questions next set of questions. 13. Which blue line crosses an area that has the steeper slope – B (Woodland Cemetery) or A (route up to Stuart Hall)? Explain your answer. Answer here… Lab 8 | 3

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Line A: One of the more strenuous walks you may take on campus is the hike up to Stuart Hall. 14. Calculate the slope of this hill using Line A . Fine the index contour lines to help you count! a. Max Elevation in feet end of blue line at top of the hill Answer here… b. Min Elevation in feet end of blue line at the bottom of the hill c. Elevation Change in feet subtract above d. Distance across in miles use scale bar on map to measure the line e. Slope in feet/mile c divided by d Line B: If you visit Woodland Cemetery , you might go to the Lookout for a nice view of downtown. 15. Calculate the slope of this hill using Line B . Find the index contour lines to help you count! a. Max Elevation in feet end of blue line at top of the hill Answer here… b. Min Elevation in feet end of blue line at the bottom of the hill c. Elevation Change in feet subtract above d. Distance across in miles use scale bar on map to measure the line e. Slope in feet/mile c divided by d 16. Compare your answers for the slope of Stuart Hill and Woodland Cemetery at the Lookout. Which has a steeper slope? Next – we will see how Google Earth can be used to explore the topography the same area. 4

Part 4 –Contour Maps in Google Earth For the remainder of the lab, download the Maps Lab kmz file from the Lab Manual in Isidore. Toggle the file to open and click on points and layers as indicated in the questions below. Its best to leave the Earth Point Topographic map layer off until needed. See Google Earth Help for some basic instructions for using these Google Earth Layers. Use the UD overview pushpin to fly to wide-angle view of UD campus and Woodland Cemetery. You can turn on the Earth Point Topo overlay and see a similar view to the screenshot you used earlier. As you want to see details of the landscape, you can turn the topographic layer off and on again. You can also see pushpins to fly to Stuart Hill and the Lookout at Woodland Cemetery. There are Blue Lines added at each location to represent Lines A and B from the previous Part 3. 17. Recalculate the slope of Stuart Hill (Line A) using the information in the Elevation Profile. Right click on the blue line and select “Show Elevation Profile”. A pop up window will appear on the bottom of the screen showing the elevation changes. Use this information to complete the chart below. You can click on the pushpin link to see a picture from standing atop the hill. a. Max Elevation in feet end of blue line at top of the hill Answers here… b. Min Elevation in feet end of blue line at the bottom of the hill c. Elevation Change in feet subtract above d. Distance across in miles use Elevation Profile – you may need to convert feet to miles (5,280 feet in a mile) e. Slope in feet/mile c divided by d 18. Recalculate the slope of Woodland Cemetery (Line B) using the information in the Elevation Profile. You can click on the pushpin link to see a picture from standing atop of the Lookout. a. Max Elevation in feet end of blue line at top of the hill Answers here… b. Min Elevation in feet end of blue line at the bottom of the hill c. Elevation Change in feet subtract above d. Distance across in miles use Elevation Profile – you may need to convert feet to miles (5,280 feet in a mile) e. Slope in feet/mile c divided by d 19. Complete the chart below. Compare the slope values for each hill, using Topo Map vs Google Earth. Note: this is a good way to check your answers since the values should be comparable. Include units of feet/mile Stuart Hill Woodland Cemetery Slope using Hard Copy of Map Slope using Google Earth Lab 8 | 5

20. How close was this calculation to the first one you calculated? Why might the answers be different? Answer here… Historical Imagery Tool Toggle the Topographic Map overlay “off” at first so you can see the campus. Click on the UD overview point to see the whole campus (You can also use the U bottom to go back to a bird’s eye view; N button to re-orientate to North to the top). Turn on the Historical Imagery tool (under View or use the green circle arrow (see Toolbar on Tips sheet). Use the bar towards the top of the screen to scroll back in time and view images of campus back through 1994. Describe below some of the changes you see (and when they occurred). You can zoom in or scroll around the map to look at the specific place of interest too – like maybe your UD housing, etc). Include a screenshot (or two) here of the UD campus showing some difference from today. 21. Describe the screenshot/s you inserted above (differences and/or similarities). Part 5 – Comparing Map Types 22. How did using contour maps and Google Earth change your perception of UD campus? Give some specific details. Answer here – two or more sentences… 23. Over the course of the lab you used a variety of ways to display information about earth’s surface – hard copy topographic maps, Google Earth, Google Earth with topographic map overlays, Google Earth with historical images. In the space below describe a couple of advantages and disadvantages of each. Answer here – four or more sentences… 6

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Figure 1 Topographic Map for Part 1 Lab 8 | 7

Figure 2 Topographic Map for Part 2 - Contour Interval = 20 feet 8

GEO109_SCI210_Lab 8 Contour Maps SP23

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