Lab 7 Worksheet.docx (1)
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Dec 6, 2023
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GEOG 111 Fall 2023
Lab 7
Name: Victor Batten
301462116
TA: Doris
Lab 7 – Response Sheet
Part 1: Determining Rates of Tectonic Plate Movement
We can use hotspot volcanic chains to track the rate and direction of the movement of Earth’s tectonic
plates by assuming that mantle plumes and the hotspots they generate are stationary. In this exercise
you will use the Anahim Volcanic Belt (Figure 2 in the pre-lab reading) to determine the rate and
direction of movement of the North American plate.
Table 1
. Volcanic features of the Anahim Volcanic Belt.
Feature
Latitude (N) and Longitude (W)
52°28’28.08” N 128°16’27.41” W
52°43’24.41” N 125°46’48.50” W
52°47’11.38” N 125°19’21.91” W
52°42’12.14” N 124°51’02.05” W
52°55’38.21” N 123°44’01.85” W
Age (Millions of years ago)
Dike swarm convergence point
13
Rainbow Range (Tsitsutl Peak)
8
Ilgachuz Range (Far Mtn.)
5
Itcha Range (Mt. Downton)
2.5
Nazko Cone
0.0072
●
Open
Google Earth (web version).
This may take several minutes to load in your web browser.
●
Click on ‘+ New’ on the left side of the screen. Select ‘Local KML file’, and you will see a file
labelled “Untitled” appear. Click on the three dots beside it, select ‘Rename’, and call your file
“Anahim Volcanic Belt”. Hit Enter.
Insert and label placemarks for each of the volcanic features:
●
Type (or copy/paste) the latitude and longitude provided for the Dike swarm convergence point
into the search feature (indicated by a magnifying glass icon on the top left of the screen). Hit
Enter, and Google Earth will take you to that location.
●
In the information box that pops up, click on ‘Save to Project’. Replace the name of the point
(which is the coordinates) with the feature name provided in Table 1. Hit Enter.
●
Repeat the same steps for each of the other 4 features in Table 1.
When you have added all your Placemarks, Zoom out to view your entire project.
1
GEOG 111 Fall 2023
Lab 7
1.
Using the “Measure distance and area” tool (ruler icon) in Google Earth, measure the distance
between each of the features and record your measurements in the table below. Round your
distance to the nearest tenth of a kilometre.
(4)
From
To
Distance (km)
Dike swarm convergence
Rainbow Range (Tsuitl Peak)
171.3km
Rainbow Range (Tsuitl Peak)
Ilgachuz Range (Far Mtn.)
31.8km
Ilgachuz Range (Far Mtn.)
Itcha Range (Mt. Downton)
33.2km
Itcha Range (Mt. Downton)
Nazko Cone
79.9km
2.
Calculate the rate of plate movement between each of the sets of volcanic features in units of
mm/yr. Refer to the age of the features provided in Table 1 and the distances you measured in
Q1. Keep in mind that the time spanned between the formation of each set of features is the
difference between their own ages.
Show all your calculations
. Round your answers to the
nearest tenth of a millimetre.
(4)
From
To
Movement Rate (mm/yr)
Dike swarm convergence
Rainbow Range (Tsuitl Peak)
34.3mm/yr
Rainbow Range (Tsuitl Peak)
Ilgachuz Range (Far Mtn.)
10.6mm/yr
Ilgachuz Range (Far Mtn.)
Itcha Range (Mt. Downton)
13.3mm/yr
Itcha Range (Mt. Downton)
Nazko Cone
32.1mm/yr
3.
In which direction is the North American plate moving? What evidence do you have to support
your answer?
(2)
its moving West since the youngest is the hot spot (Nazko, 0.0072 mil) and the oldest is Dike (13 mil year
ago) and dike is to the west of the static hotspot and the listed locations get older as you go west
4.
Between which 2 volcanic landforms did the highest rate of plate movement occur (Dike swarm
convergence to Rainbow Range, Rainbow Range to Ilgachuz Range, Ilgachuz Range to Itcha
Range, or Itcha Range to Nazko Cone)? Has the movement rate been constant through time?
Explain your reasoning.
(3)
2
GEOG 111 Fall 2023
Lab 7
The highest rate of plate movement was between Dike convergence to RainbowRange (34.3mm/yr). The
rate of movement has not been constant as the movement rate has not stayed the same throughout the
different points
Part 2: Volcano Shape, Chemistry and Eruptive Style:
We’re now going to visit a volcano in the Pacific Ocean. Ambrym is an island in the country of Vanuatu.
●
In Week 8 on Canvas, under Lab Exercise, click on “
Ambrym Volcano Tour
”. At the link provided,
use the information to answer the following questions:
5.
When was the last eruption of Ambrym Volcano? (
1
)
2022 CE
6.
How thick is the crust over which Ambrym Volcano sits? (
1
)
22km
7.
Use the “Volcano Database” map to answer the following questions (hint: turn on the plate
movement layer so you can see the legend for the types/direction of movement of the plates).
a.
What type of plate boundary exists to the west of Ambrym Island? (
1
)
Convergent
b.
What type of plate boundary exists to the north of Ambrym Island? (
1
)
Divergent
There are several active volcanic centres on the island, but this exercise focuses on the Marum crater
located at 16° 15
′
0
″
S, 168° 7
′
0
″
E.
8.
In the Terrain Profile builder, use the geographic coordinates above to manipulate the map so it
zooms into the Ambrym volcanic centre. The Marum crater is the northeastern of the visible
craters. Zoom out so you can see the entire island on your screen. Click on the ruler icon and
measure an elevation profile from west to east across the entire island (starting a little off the
west coast) that intersects the centre of the Marum crater.
Make sure your units are in metres
.
Take a screenshot of your profile and insert it below. (
2)
3
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GEOG 111 Fall 2023
Lab 7
9.
Calculate the average slope of the western side of the island. Give your answer in m/km. (
3
)
hight dif: 1180m
western side distance: 23km
51.3m/km
10. Look at the map of the island. The three small craters near the centre of the island are located in
a much larger flat-bottomed ring. What kind of volcanic landform is this?
(1)
This info is from
https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=257040
4