Milestone 1- Speaker notes

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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Geography

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Dec 6, 2023

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Milestone 1- Speaker notes. Slide 1: Name, Title, and Short Intro. Milestone 1 By: Emily Durkin Hello! My name is Emily Durkin. I am currently majoring in Geoscience and will hopefully be graduating in a year or so. Thank you for coming to my presentation today. In this presentation I will be discussing the history of special awareness within my specific discipline. Slide 2: What is Spatial Awareness What is spatial awareness? GIS spatial awareness is the ability to interpret and explain information at different geographic scales connected to the Earth. Geospatial science is the study of human behavior as it relates to how people use the Earth’s attributes. Spatial awareness is how we understand our world, mapping where things are, how they relate, what it all means, and what actions to take. Slide 3: Select a Discipline (Geoscience), what is it? For today’s presentation, I will be focusing on the history of spatial awareness within one specific discipline. The discipline I have chosen is geoscience. What is geoscience? Geoscience is the study of the Earth. It studies the processes that form and shape Earth’s surface, the natural resources we use, and how water and ecosystems are interconnected. Slide 4: why is it important to you?

Geoscience Is important to me because I love our planet and I want to learn more about it in order to find different or new ways to help solve our global warming problem as well as other problems the Earth is facing. I am especially interested in learning about the world’s history through geology. Slide 5: How have cartographic representations in your discipline changed over time? Cartographic representations in geoscience have changed significantly over time due to technological advancements and increased precision in measurement techniques. Early maps were created from imagination. These maps were not very precise and mostly used for military purposes. Over time they started being used for geographic exploration because they showed things like hydrology and transportation. Once tools like latitude and longitude were created, mapmakers were able to measure new discoveries and old ones, with much greater accuracy. The accuracy of maps made it much easier for geoscientists to study the earth’s different processes and learn the meaning behind them. Slide 6: How has the geospatial revolution impacted your discipline? The Geospatial revolution has had a huge impact on geoscience. It has promoted the integration of data from several sources, including satellite imagery, ariel photography, and ground based sensors. All of this has led to a better understanding of complex geologic processes such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. This information can be used by geoscientists to create strategies for sustainable development and conservation.

Slide 7: How has the human understanding of space in your discipline changed throughout history? Human understanding of space in geoscience has changed throughout history. Especially since the exploration and more involved studying of space began. Many scientists believe that the key to understanding space and different planetary bodies is Earth’s history. Knowledge of Earth’s geological and atmospheric processes can be applied when studying the history of other planets. Slide 8: How has spatial reasoning or spatial thinking impacted your discipline? Spatial reasoning or thinking involves an understanding of navigation, wayfinding and perspective-taking in field. Some of the cognitive processes required for selective geoscience tasks include map reading, navigation, perception of orientation, and interpretation of spatial diagrams including cross sections and stereographic projections. These are all example of things that require spatial reasoning. Slide 9: What patterns in spatial awareness or spatial reasoning can you identify in your discipline? The most common patterns of spatial awareness or reasoning that can be viewed in geoscience are aspects such as data analysis, topography, resource mapping, hydrology, geomorphology, stratigraphy, spatial modeling, and so much more. All these patterns contribute

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to geoscience and spatial awareness or reasoning. Spatial awareness and reasoning play a critical role in understanding our planet and making informed decisions in regard to environmental sciences. Slide 10: What future applications does spatial awareness have in your discipline? Geoscience or really any environmental science will always require some amount of spatial awareness. It is critical for things such as natural disaster management, observing climate change, urban planning, resource management, the study of space, geological discoveries, and so much more. Spatial awareness withing geoscience will also be advanced through our continuous advancement with technology. Slide 11: How could you innovatively apply spatial thinking to your discipline? Spatial thinking can be applied to geoscience through instruments such as GIS, data analysis, mapping systems, remote sensing, and more. Scientists can use the data acquired from spatial thinking to understand Earth’s systems. Slide 12: References Gould, M. (2021, April 6). Developing spatial thinking is critical: Arcnews: Spring 2021 . Esri. https://www.esri.com/about/newsroom/arcnews/developing-spatial-thinking-is-critical/

Freeman, D. (2023, August 1). Geospatial Information and national security . USC GIS Online. https://gis.usc.edu/blog/geospatial-information-and-national-security/ What is geoscience? . What is geoscience? | U.S. Geological Survey. (n.d.). https://www.usgs.gov/youth-and-education-in-science/what-geoscience Trainor, T. (2021, November 2). The early evolution of cartography: ArcNews: Fall 2021 . Esri. https://www.esri.com/about/newsroom/arcnews/the-early-evolution-of-cartography / Geospatial revolution . Education. (n.d.). https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/geospatial-revolution/ Liben, L. S., & Titus, S. J. (2017, January 11). The importance of Spatial Thinking for Geoscience Education: Insights from the crossroads of geoscience and cognitive science . Penn State. https://pure.psu.edu/en/publications/the-importance-of-spatial-thinking-for- geoscience-education-insig

Lapôtre, M. G. A., O’Rourke, J. G., Schaefer , L. K., Siebach, K. L., Spalding, C., Tikoo, S. M., & Wordsworth, R. D. (2020, March 2). Probing space to understand Earth . Nature News. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-020-0029-y

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Milestone 1- Speaker notes

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