Summary Assignment Chapter 2 (1)

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School

Georgia State University *

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Course

1101

Subject

Geography

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by ElderResolveStingray9

Through the lens of world systems theory, this chapter primarily explores the shifting geopolitics that molded the modern world and the rise of contemporary inequality. In order to control a commercial network, the chapter opens with a description of the origins of European colonialism. Exploration and the development of new weapons allowed European empires to build colonies in the Americas, arrange the triangular trade, and control the Indian Ocean trade system. The wider idea of a European core- centric international commerce system has been formed, while other governments in other regions are left on the periphery. Over time, many empires have controlled various trading networks and colonies (for example, Spain and Portugal give way to Britain and France). The more advanced technologies empires possess, the more wealth they can amass, and the more wealth amassed can be put into new technologies, the more colonialism extends over the world in a vicious cycle. The Industrial Revolution eventually starts in Britain when technologies become so effective that core regions may construct factories to produce specialized items while their colonies supply cheap, specialized raw materials for manufacturing. It should be highlighted that core states consciously induced infrastructure and capital dependence in peripheral states. As a result of this capitalist explosion, core empires are forced to compete for even more raw commodities, and new technological advancements drive European governments to occupy nearly the entire continent of Africa. They also pressure China to trade with them and set up treaty ports in some of China's wealthiest trade cities. The core empires eventually gain control of the majority of the periphery, and as a result of evolving diplomacy and the emergence of ideologies, the core empires initiate World Wars 1 and 2. Huge technological advancements were brought about by both World Wars 1 and 2, which also drastically weakened core governments and strengthened colonial independence. The United States becomes the new global hegemon, and there is a tremendous decolonization drive worldwide that gives way to neocolonialism.

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