Lab 7 (1)
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Scottsdale Community College *
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152
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Geography
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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docx
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Uploaded by MegaMoonMonkey41
Meteorology Lab to Accompany Chapter 7
1a)
To get a feel for air circulation, let’s say we have a room with a heat source (campfire)
In the above picture, insert several arrows showing how air would circulate around the room. On my version of Word, I click on “Insert” at the top of the screen and then click on “Shapes” to find an arrow. Otherwise you can copy and paste the following arrow. After copying the arrow you can insert it in the diagram above and if you click on one end of the arrow you should be able to turn it and lengthen or shorten it by dragging the mouse.
1b)
Explain in the box below why air circulates the way it does. Be complete in your answer.
differences in air temperature from the equator to the poles and over different types of terrain
.
1c)
Draw arrows showing circulation of the air in the following scene:
1d)
Once again, explain why your air circulation is the way that it is. What is the name for this type of “breeze”?
Land breeze 1e)
Draw arrows showing air circulation:
1f)
Once again, explain why your air circulation is the way that it is. What is the name for this type of “breeze”?
Once the air aloft begins to move it will change the surface pressure pattern.,
surface wind 2)
In the following picture, air tends to rise near the equator. Explain why.
2a)
Because the earth isn't tilted, the incoming sunlight shines on the earth most directly at the equator.
In the following picture, explain in words what is going on (see text book). What do we call these circulation patterns?
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2b)
can be described as the world-wide system of winds by which the
necessary transport of heat from tropical to polar latitudes is accomplished. In each hemisphere there are three cells (Hadley cell, Ferrel cell and Polar cell) in which air circulates through the entire depth of the troposphere.
3)
Let’s focus on the Northern Hemisphere. The three air circulation cells shown are part of the modern three cell model.
Hadley cell, Ferrel cell and Polar cell
)
Hadley cell, Ferrel cell and Polar cell
)
3b)
With the mouse, drag these pictures of clouds up to the above picture of Earth and place them where we would expect to have clouds (focusing on the right side of the planet in the Northern Hemisphere where you see the air circulation patterns).
There are several bands of deserts on the Earth. We would most likely find a desert in an area of what kind of pressure? (High or low pressure?) Explain your choice in terms of rising or sinking air, level of moisture in air, and expansion or contraction (and resulting temperature change).
3c)High
3d)
Drag a sun to each area that should be desert in the above picture of Earth.
You should now have clouds and suns in various spots along the upper-right-hand section of the picture of the Earth.
3e)
One of your suns should have been placed at a latitude where we see a number of deserts around the world. This latitude should be at about 30 degrees north latitude. Look at a globe (if handy) or a map of the earth. Name three deserts (are areas that have deserts) that are located at about this latitude.
1
?
2
?
3
?
3f)
The Southern Hemisphere has the same set of air circulation patterns, just mirrored. At about thirty degrees south latitude, name two deserts or arid areas:
1
?
2
?
4a)
Around the equator, sailing ships during old times tended to get “stuck”. The winds would not be blowing these ships. Explain why in terms of the air currents shown on the various earths above.
The effects of the Doldrums are caused by solar radiation from the sun, as sunlight beams down directly on area around the equator
4b)
What other latitude would also have this problem? Why?
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Theoretically, if latitude completely controlled temperature, the isotherms would run east and west
. In a
5)
Between about the equator and about thirty degrees latitude, the surface air depicted below, left, appears as if it would be going from north to south. I put in a few more arrows to show this. In the picture on the right, the actual air movement in this area is at a slant, from northeast to southwest.
5a)
Explain what three forces are causing the air to move and to move in the direction that it is in the right-hand picture. Recall Lab 6.
1
76
2
55
3
38
5b)
What is the general name for the winds in this region?
mesoscale winds
:
The same thing happens in the region between about thirty and sixty degrees latitude. The left-hand picture shows winds moving northward toward the North Pole, but in reality, the winds slant from southwest to northeast. 5c)
The three forces mentioned in the previous question also apply here. The winds in this region are known as the the pressure gradient, the Coriolis force, and surface friction
.
5d)
From about sixty degrees latitude up to the North Pole, the winds travel in what direction? What are they called? Note: I do not have a picture inserted here to depict this. They travel from this direction
north and south
They travel to this direction
towards the west They are called
prevailing winds 5e)
Look at the major ocean currents map in your textbook. Which planetary wind
is responsible for each of the following currents? Also, you can look at an ocean current map online.
Name of current
Planetary wind
North Pacific current
trade winds E. Greenland current
trade winds
West wind drift
?
prevailing winds
N. equatorial current
polar easterlies
S. equatorial current
polar easterlies
Kuroshio current
?
westerlies
East wind drift
trade winds
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