Ch 11 Practice Questions solutions

xlsx

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Western University *

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20

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Finance

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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xlsx

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11

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Year 0 1 2 3 Cash Flows $ (155,000.00) $ 63,120.00 $ 70,800.00 $ 96,080.00 Balance $ (155,000.00) $ (91,880.00) $ (21,080.00) $ 75,000.00 2.22 25,000.0000 NPV Example 16.67% TIME CF PV of CF 0 $ (155,000.00) $ (155,000.00) Original Investment 1 $ 63,120.00 $ 56,357.14 CF Y1 2 $ 70,800.00 $56,441.33 CF Y2 3 $ 96,080.00 $68,387.85 CF Y3 Total $ 26,186.32 NPV $ 26,186.32 NPV Formula You are looking at a new project and you have estimated the following cash flows: Year 0: Initial Investment = -155,000 Year 1: Cash Flow = 63,120; Net Income = 13,120 Year 2: Cash Flow = 70,800; Net Income = 20,800 Year 3: Cash Flow = 91,080; Net Income = 41,080 Salvage at the end of year 3 = 5,000 Your required return for assets of this risk is 12%. Chapter 11 Payback Example Assume we will accept the project if it pays back within two years. So would we accept this? ARR Example Assume we require an average accounting return of 20%, and projected net income for three years is $13,120 , $20,800, $41,080. The initial investment is $155,000 and the salvage value at the end of 3 years is $5,000. Should we accept the project? Average Net Income : (13,120 + 20,800 + 41,080 / 3 = 25,000 ARR = 25,000 / (155,000 - 5000) = 16.7%
Profitability Index PV of Cash Flows $ 181,186.32 Investment $ 155,000.00 PI 1.17 Internal Rate of Return The required return is 12%. TIME CF 0 $ (155,000.00) 1 $ 63,120.00 2 $ 70,800.00 3 $ 96,080.00 20.9% 20.91% Shortcoming of IRR - more than one possible answer with unconventional cash flows TIME CF NPV NP 0 $ (90,000.00) $ (90,000.00) IRR 1 $ 132,000.00 $114,782.61 2 $ 100,000.00 $75,614.37 3 $ (150,000.00) ($98,627.43) 10.11% $ 1,769.54 $ 1,769.54 NPV @ 10.11% $ (0.00) 43% NPV @ 42.66% $ 0.00 42.65847% Rate NPV 0% $ (8,000.00) Suppose an investment will cost $90,000 initially and will generate the following cash flows: Year 1: 132,000 Year 2: 100,000 Year 3: -150,000 The required return is 15%. Should we accept or reject the project? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0% 200000% 400000%
5% $ (3,158.41) 10% $ - 15% $ 1,769.54 20% $ 2,638.89 25% $ 2,800.00 30% $ 2,435.14 35% $ 1,681.15 42.65847% $ - 50% $ (2,000.00) You should accept the project if the required return is between 10.11% and 42.66%. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -1000000% -800000% -600000% -400000% -200000%
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2.2194004996 $56,357.14 $56,441.33 $68,387.85 $26,186.32 If using the NPV function in Excel, must remember to net out the original cash flow (cost).
$ 26,186.32 1.17 PV + $1,769.54 @ 15% - ACCEPT R = 10% - REJECT 9 10
9 10 Rate NPV
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Review Time Cash Flow Net Income Payback 0 $ (100,000.00) $ (100,000) 1 $ 26,000.00 7,000.00 $ (74,000) 2 $ 26,000.00 7,000.00 $ (48,000) 3 $ 26,000.00 7,000.00 $ (22,000) 4 $ 26,000.00 7,000.00 $ 4,000 5 $ 31,000.00 7,000.00 $ 35,000 Decision Payback Period 3.85 years reject Average Accounting Return 7.37% reject NPV $4,380.59 accept Profitability Index 1.04 accept IRR 10.63% accept Consider an equipment investment that costs $100,000 and will result in an estimated incremen cash inflow of $26,000 every year for 5 years. Estimated salvage value at the end of 5 years is $5 equipment will be depreciated evenly over its useful life. The required return is 9% and required years. What is the payback, AAR, NPV, PI, IRR ? What decision rule should be the primary decisio When is IRR unreliable?
3.8461538462 ntal operating 5,000. The d payback is 3 on method?
Year Cash Flow A Cash Flow B 0 (29,000.00) (29,000.00) 1 14,400.00 $4,300.00 2 12,300.00 $9,800.00 3 9,200.00 $15,200.00 4 5,100.00 $16,800.00 Assume that the company's required rate of return is 11% and that the initial investment will be depreciated Discount rate 11.00% Required: a) What is the payback for each project? Which would the company accept? Year Cum CF A Cum CF B 0 (29,000.00) (29,000.00) 1 (14,600.00) (24,700.00) 2 (2,300.00) (14,900.00) 3 6,900.00 300.00 4 12,000.00 17,100.00 Payback = 2.25 2.98 b) What is the average accounting return for each project? Which would the the company accept? Year Op Inc A Op Income B 0 1 7,150.00 ($2,950.00) 2 5,050.00 $2,550.00 3 1,950.00 $7,950.00 4 (2,150.00) $9,550.00 Avg income 3,000.00 4,275.00 ARR = 10.34% 14.74% c) What is the NPV for each project? Using NPV as the decision criteria which would the company select? Project A Project B NPV 4,042.42 5,008.56 d) What is the IRR for each project? Using IRR as the decision criteria which would the company select? Project A Project B IRR 18.56% 17.42% e) What is the profitability index for each project? Which project would the company select? Project A Project B PI 1.139 1.173 Conflicted Inc. has identified the following cash flows for two mutually exclusive projects A and B:
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f) I think cash flows early are more certain than cash flows later on - so I would chose A. If the discount rate is higher than approx 14.84% then NPV and PI have a different answer Overall, considering the results from the 5 techniques above which project would you select? Does that change if the discount rate changes?
equally over 4 years.