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FN3003 Assessment Template
Part 2: Second Friday Questions
Dividends
The main reason a company may choose not to pay dividends is when they are having financial trouble. (Claire Boyte-White, 2022). To secure the company financially, they will suspend dividends payments, however, sometimes the company may be in a growth phase and may prefer to reinvest profits into the business to fund expansion, research and development, or acquisitions. Unexpected expenses will also cause suspension of dividends payments, maybe there is a lawsuit or fines that may need to be paid out. They may also have debt that needs to be paid off or may need to build up its cash reserves to weather economic downturns or other unforeseen events. Management may believe that the company's stock price will increase in the future, making it more beneficial for shareholders to hold onto their stock rather than receive a dividend now.
The company may simply not have enough profits to justify paying dividends or may have other financial obligations that take priority. It's important to note that the decision to pay dividends is ultimately up to the company's management and board of directors and influenced by its financial performance and strategic priorities.
Valuations and the Dividend Growth Model
We can assume that in the growth model, the dividend will increase at a constant rate. We can further assume the company is stable, such as a blue-chip company, Ford, and IBM are examples of companies we assume will exist forever. The dividend discount model (DMM), the equation mostly used is the Gordon Growth Model, named after Myron J. Gordon. The equation P
=
D
1
r
−
g
Where P
is the current stock price. g
is the constant growth rate in perpetuity expected for the dividends. r
is the constant cost of equity for that company. D
1
is the value of the next year's dividends. (Course hero: Stock Valuation, n.d.).
Dividend valuation model of a constant growth rate: For example, a dividend pays $5.00 and grows 10% in the first year, the dividend will grow by $0.50 to $5.50. in year two, it will further grow by 10%, the dividend will grow by $0.55 to $6.05. third year it will be 10% growth to $6.655. If we assume the company will exist in perpetuity, we do not need to worry about the stocks end date. However, this model does not consider downturns in the stock’s value or growth. The Gordon model is hypersensitive to growth rates which affects the stock price.
Total Returns and the Dividend Growth Model
Based on the dividend growth model, the two components of the total return on share of common stocks; “It assumes that the dividends will increase at a constant growth rate (less than the discount rate) forever” (Course hero: Stock Valuation, n.d.). It also believes that a stock is worth the discounted sum of all its future dividends payments. The investor wants capital gains to be larger than the dividends and it must look at historical growth rates of sales and income to better understand the expected future growth. Assuming the stock will constantly grow I believe is will have a typical larger return. Organizations have a better insight into their own future growth and best position financially in the future. Calculating or understanding the future growth will require personal investment research.
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Related Questions
The _______________theory hypothesizes that the amount of dividends should not be the focus of the company, but that the company should simply declare a dividend from the earnings not currently needed for earmarked projects. This theory leads to erratic and unpredictable dividends.
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The management of an airline suffering from financial distress decides to put off its plans to remodel some of its planesʹ interiors in order to attract more business clientele since the additional expected cash flow generated would only go to pay off its bondholders. Instead, management uses the funds to repurchase some of its outstanding shares. This problem is know as
Group of answer choices
stakeholder holdup
underinvestment
reluctance to liquidate
failure to maintain
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements is true?
a. High liquidity means a company is short on cash and may be unable to pay its debts.b. When a company decides to go public through an IPO, it is typically targeting to sell its shares to only a handful of shareholders. c. If the company has a higher than expected extremely high profit this year, equity holders will benefit more than debt holders as debtholders are the residual claimers for the cash flows of the company.d. In the extreme case, the debt holders take legal ownership of the firm's assets through a process called bankruptcy.e. Equity holders expect to receive dividends and the firm is always legally obligated to pay them.
arrow_forward
Companies often are under pressure to meet or beat Wall Street earnings projections in order to increase stock prices and also to increase the value of stock options. Some resort to earnings management practices to artificially create desired results. Required: 1. How can a company manage earnings by changing its depreciation method? Is this an effective technique to manage earnings? 2. How can a company manage earnings by changing the estimated useful lives of depreciable assets? Is this an effective technique to manage earnings? 3. Using a fictitious example and numbers you make up, describe in your own words how asset impairment losses could be used to manage earnings. How might that benefit the company?
arrow_forward
When a company with rapid sales growth does not have sufficient funds to fund its growth, it can _______.
Multiple Choice
Be acquired by another company.
Stop growing.
Cause its debt to be recalled.
Grow broke.
Repurchase its shares.
arrow_forward
Which of the following represent diversifiable risks?
the president of a company suddenly resigns
the economy goes into a recessionary period
a company's product is recalled for defects
the Federal Reserve unexpectedly changes interest rates
Group of answer choices
2 and 4 only
1, 2, and 3 only
1, 2, and 4 only
1, 2, 3, and 4
1 and 3 only
arrow_forward
19. Company ABC factored its accounts receivable with a financing vendor using a "with recourse" arrangement. What impact might this have on the company?
Group of answer choices
anger vendors due to later payment
Improve cash conversion cycle
reduce bad debt
Increase days sales outstanding
arrow_forward
S1: A reduction in dividends distributed to shareholders from one year to the next can lead to loss of investor confidence and reduced market prices for the stock.
S2: The entry to record the payment of a cash dividend includes a debit to Retained Earnings and a credit to Cash.
Select the correct response:
S1 is False; S2 is True
S1 & S2 are True
O s1 & S2 are False
O S1 is True; S2 is False
arrow_forward
1.Financial distress is least apt to lead to
A. Increase dividends B.financial restructuring C.Liquidation D.Issuing new shares E.Asset restructuring
2.Which following is false regarding with free cash flows?
A. If FCFF are positive then FCFE will be positive.
B.If FCFF are negative then firms will need to borrow money to reduce net profits to shareholders to maintain investment needs
C. If FCFE are positive then FCFF may also be positive
D. If FCFE are negative then FCFF maybe positive
E. None of the options provided.
arrow_forward
Discussion Cash Flow
There is a common phrase in business: "Cash is king." "Cash flow is the life-blood of a company. Without it, a company will fail" (Hicks, 2012). Yet, companies often have to take risks that could potentially jeopardize their cash flow (e.g., new projects, growth, capital budgeting, etc.).
Assume you are the CFO of a struggling company. While you do have a positive cash flow, it is minimal at best. If something does not change soon, the company will go under. Fortunately, your product development team has just created a new product that will not only save the company from financial demise but will also revolutionize how the industry does business.
The problem is that the product is still 2 years away from being able to be sold to the public, and you will run out of cash within the next 6 months.
a. How would you propose obtaining the funds needed to keep the company alive and thriving for the next 2 years until you are able to see a return on the product…
arrow_forward
Want detailed explanation
arrow_forward
Why do companies accelerate depreciation on their tax return but often use slower
depreciation rates on their financial statements?
a. to avoid taxes
b. to postpone taxes
c. to improve earnings
d. to improve long term cashflow
arrow_forward
Problem 1
A retiree strongly believe that investing in a non-dividend paying growth firm will eventually
cause him to lose all his shares.
Explain why and how this happens?
Problem 2
Managers are reluctant to make dividend changes. Why?
Problem 3
High dividend policy is more difficult to manage for a weak firm than a strong firm. Explain in
details why?
arrow_forward
What does a firm need to do to
improve liquidity?
O A. Stock up on inventory in order
to never run out of stock
O B. Extend credit terms to
customers in order to gain more
sales
O C. Pay all bills and payables when
due
O D. Speed up collection of
accounts receivable from customers
arrow_forward
Q5
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements are false? (you may choose more than one statement)
A The issue of ordinary shares will not dilute ownership of the company
B A rights issue will not dilute ownership of the company
C A bonus issue is a means of raising finance for the business
D A company can decide on the level of dividends they pay out to ordinary
shareholders each year
arrow_forward
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Related Questions
- The _______________theory hypothesizes that the amount of dividends should not be the focus of the company, but that the company should simply declare a dividend from the earnings not currently needed for earmarked projects. This theory leads to erratic and unpredictable dividends.arrow_forwardThe management of an airline suffering from financial distress decides to put off its plans to remodel some of its planesʹ interiors in order to attract more business clientele since the additional expected cash flow generated would only go to pay off its bondholders. Instead, management uses the funds to repurchase some of its outstanding shares. This problem is know as Group of answer choices stakeholder holdup underinvestment reluctance to liquidate failure to maintainarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? a. High liquidity means a company is short on cash and may be unable to pay its debts.b. When a company decides to go public through an IPO, it is typically targeting to sell its shares to only a handful of shareholders. c. If the company has a higher than expected extremely high profit this year, equity holders will benefit more than debt holders as debtholders are the residual claimers for the cash flows of the company.d. In the extreme case, the debt holders take legal ownership of the firm's assets through a process called bankruptcy.e. Equity holders expect to receive dividends and the firm is always legally obligated to pay them.arrow_forward
- Companies often are under pressure to meet or beat Wall Street earnings projections in order to increase stock prices and also to increase the value of stock options. Some resort to earnings management practices to artificially create desired results. Required: 1. How can a company manage earnings by changing its depreciation method? Is this an effective technique to manage earnings? 2. How can a company manage earnings by changing the estimated useful lives of depreciable assets? Is this an effective technique to manage earnings? 3. Using a fictitious example and numbers you make up, describe in your own words how asset impairment losses could be used to manage earnings. How might that benefit the company?arrow_forwardWhen a company with rapid sales growth does not have sufficient funds to fund its growth, it can _______. Multiple Choice Be acquired by another company. Stop growing. Cause its debt to be recalled. Grow broke. Repurchase its shares.arrow_forwardWhich of the following represent diversifiable risks? the president of a company suddenly resigns the economy goes into a recessionary period a company's product is recalled for defects the Federal Reserve unexpectedly changes interest rates Group of answer choices 2 and 4 only 1, 2, and 3 only 1, 2, and 4 only 1, 2, 3, and 4 1 and 3 onlyarrow_forward
- 19. Company ABC factored its accounts receivable with a financing vendor using a "with recourse" arrangement. What impact might this have on the company? Group of answer choices anger vendors due to later payment Improve cash conversion cycle reduce bad debt Increase days sales outstandingarrow_forwardS1: A reduction in dividends distributed to shareholders from one year to the next can lead to loss of investor confidence and reduced market prices for the stock. S2: The entry to record the payment of a cash dividend includes a debit to Retained Earnings and a credit to Cash. Select the correct response: S1 is False; S2 is True S1 & S2 are True O s1 & S2 are False O S1 is True; S2 is Falsearrow_forward1.Financial distress is least apt to lead to A. Increase dividends B.financial restructuring C.Liquidation D.Issuing new shares E.Asset restructuring 2.Which following is false regarding with free cash flows? A. If FCFF are positive then FCFE will be positive. B.If FCFF are negative then firms will need to borrow money to reduce net profits to shareholders to maintain investment needs C. If FCFE are positive then FCFF may also be positive D. If FCFE are negative then FCFF maybe positive E. None of the options provided.arrow_forward
- Discussion Cash Flow There is a common phrase in business: "Cash is king." "Cash flow is the life-blood of a company. Without it, a company will fail" (Hicks, 2012). Yet, companies often have to take risks that could potentially jeopardize their cash flow (e.g., new projects, growth, capital budgeting, etc.). Assume you are the CFO of a struggling company. While you do have a positive cash flow, it is minimal at best. If something does not change soon, the company will go under. Fortunately, your product development team has just created a new product that will not only save the company from financial demise but will also revolutionize how the industry does business. The problem is that the product is still 2 years away from being able to be sold to the public, and you will run out of cash within the next 6 months. a. How would you propose obtaining the funds needed to keep the company alive and thriving for the next 2 years until you are able to see a return on the product…arrow_forwardWant detailed explanationarrow_forwardWhy do companies accelerate depreciation on their tax return but often use slower depreciation rates on their financial statements? a. to avoid taxes b. to postpone taxes c. to improve earnings d. to improve long term cashflowarrow_forward
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SEE MORE QUESTIONS
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Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Accounting Volume 1AccountingISBN:9781947172685Author:OpenStaxPublisher:OpenStax College
Principles of Accounting Volume 1
Accounting
ISBN:9781947172685
Author:OpenStax
Publisher:OpenStax College