Practice HW - Midterm
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Chapter 11 – Practice Homework
3. Using the balance sheet provided for Universal Exports, determine the weighted average cost of capital. The firm's tax rate is 30%, the preferred stock pays a dividend of $0.50 per share, the beta of the stock is 1.63, the market risk premium is 5%, and the risk-free rate is 3%. Assume that the book value capital structure weights are the company's optimal weights.
Universal Exports Balance Sheet ($ millions)
Assets
Liabilities & Owner's Equity
Cash and Short-term securities
3
Bonds (9% annual coupon,
10-year maturity, 8% YTM)
12
Accounts receivable
6
Preferred stock (market price = $4.72)
6
Inventories
7
Common stock
20
Plant and equipment
22
Total
38
Total
38
a.
What is the proportion of debt in the firm's capital structure? b.
What is the proportion of preferred stock in the firm's capital structure? c.
What is the proportion of common equity in the firm's capital structure? d.
What is the after-tax cost of debt for Universal Exports?
e.
What is the cost of preferred stock for Universal Exports? f.
What is the cost of common equity for Universal Exports? Note that the problem gives us the amount of the market risk premium, which is equal to (k
m
-k
f
):
g.
What is the WACC for Universal Exports?
4. Bea Kerr is an analyst in the treasurer's office at MupetLabs Inc. Mr. Kerr needs your help to estimate the market value weights for MupetLabs' cost of capital. MupetLabs has long-term bonds outstanding, preferred shares outstanding, and common shares. Selected information for each of the securities is provided in the table below.
Long-term Debt
Preferred Shares
Common Shares
$10 million face value
1.4 million shares
outstanding
5.2 million shares outstanding
Coupon rate = 6%
Face value = $8 per share
Market price of share = $26
Annual coupons
Dividend rate (annual) = 9%
Time to maturity = 8
years
Equivalent preferred shares
yield 11%
YTM = 9%
Round all answers to two decimal places.
a.
What is the market value of long-term debt? b.
What is the market value of preferred shares? c.
What are the capital structure weights for MupetLabs Inc.?
Debt = Preferred = Equity = 5. Over the last twenty years, there has been considerable consolidation in the confectionary business (e.g., the acquisition of Rowntree PLC by Nestle SA in 1988 and Cadbury by Kraft in 2010). You have a suspicion that a large food manufacturer might try to buy Tootsie Roll. You want to calculate a DCF valuation for Tootsie Roll. The first step in your valuation is to calculate Tootsie Roll's weighted average cost of capital. Use
the data provided below to answer the questions that follow. Round all answers to two decimal places.
The risk-free rate is 4.75%.
The expected return on the market portfolio is 8%.
The corporate tax rate is 30%.
The face value of Tootsie Roll's outstanding bonds is $2,300 million.
The coupon rate on Tootsie Roll's bonds is 4.5%. Assume that the bonds pay annual coupons.
The yield to maturity on Tootsie Roll's bonds is 6%.
Tootsie Roll's bonds mature in 11 years.
Tootsie Roll has 1,600 million common shares outstanding.
The market price of Tootsie Roll's common shares is $6.10.
Tootsie Roll's Beta is 0.7.
What is Tootsie Roll's after-tax cost of debt? b.
What is Tootsie Roll's cost of equity? c.
What is the market value of long-term debt? d.
What is the capital structure weight for equity? e.
What is Tootsie Roll's WACC? Chapter 10 – Practice Homework
6. Bob Cratchit, a new analyst at Scrooge & Marley Inc., has prepared a capital budget for the Tiny Tim project. He is scheduled to present his analysis at a board meeting in one hour. Bob just received an email from his boss, Fred Fezziwig, indicating that the capital budget is missing a critical piece of machinery with a capital cost of $200,000. The machine would be purchased at the outset of the project (Year 0). The machinery is in Class 8 with a depreciation rate of 20%.
The machine will be sold for $160,000 at the end of the two-year project. The tax rate is 35% and the weighted average cost of capital is 9%. No other element of the capital budget would be affected. Assume that all cash flows occur at year-end (except for the purchase of equipment). What is the reduction in NPV associated with the inclusion of the missing machinery? Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
7. Ken Smith wants to start a deck and fence company. To start the business, Ken plans to invest $70,000 in a pick-up truck and tools. The truck and tools are in Class 43 with a depreciation rate of 30%. Ken is forecasting that he will build 100 decks in the first year and 120 decks in years 2 and 3. He anticipates that the average deck will be priced at $5,500. Ken estimates that the cost of lumber for the typical deck is $2,000. Ken estimates that rent, office expenses, vehicle expenses, wages, and salaries will total $351,400 per year. The corporate tax rate is 30%. What are operating cash flows in the second year of the business? Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
8. An increasingly popular trend in mountain biking is to remove the chain and coast down the mountain. This has reduced demand for crank sets, chains, and derailleurs. As a result, Endo Mountain Bikes Inc. is shutting down its bicycle propulsion plant. It purchased the plant 2 years ago for $310,000. It
can sell the plant today for $169,087.6. The plant is in Class 43 with a depreciation rate of 30%. When the plant is closed, Endo’s net working capital will decrease by $50,000. EBITDA in the final year is $260,000.
Endo's tax rate is 35%, and their cost of capital is 8%. What are the terminal year cash flows? Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
11. POM Bakery is considering replacement of a custard injecting machine with a new high-speed injector, which can fill twice as many cakes per hour as the old machine. The existing injection machine was purchased 2 years ago for $4M. It could be sold today for $2M and its expected salvage value in three years is $0.5M. The injectors are in Class 43 with a
30% depreciation rate. The new custard injector costs $4M. The new machine will be sold for $1.5M at the end of 3 years. The new machine will
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increase EBITDA by $700,000 per year. The company’s tax rate is 40% and its cost of capital is 12%. What
are the annual operating cash flows in the first year after replacement? (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.)
12. POM Bakery is considering replacement of a custard injecting machine with a new high-speed injector, which can fill twice as many cakes per hour as the old machine. The existing injection machine was purchased 2 years ago for $4M. It could be sold today for $2M and its expected salvage value in three years is $0.5M. The injectors are in Class 43 with a
30% depreciation rate. The new custard injector costs $3M. The new machine will be sold for $1.5M at the end of 3 years. The new machine will increase EBITDA by $800,000 per year. The company’s tax rate is 40% and its cost of capital is 12%. What
is the free cash flow in the terminal year (three years after replacement)? (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.)
13. POM Bakery is considering replacement of a custard injecting machine with a new high-speed injector, which can fill twice as many cakes per hour as the old machine. The existing injection machine was purchased 2 years ago for $4M. It could be sold today for $2M and its expected salvage value at the end of its life is $0.5M. The injectors are in Class 43 with a
30% depreciation rate. The new custard injector costs $4M. The new machine will be sold for $1.5M at the end of 3 years. The new machine will increase EBITDA by $700,000 per year. The company’s tax rate is 40% and its cost of capital is 12%. The new machine will not affect working capital.
What are the initial cash flows at the time of replacement? (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.)
14. Powder Mountain (PM) ski resort is currently using a Skidata barcode ticketing system. PM purchased the system three years ago for $1 million. The system includes barcode scanners and point-
of-sale computers. If sold today, the barcode scanning equipment could be sold for $500,000. If kept for another two years, it would be worth only $100,000. The financial manager at PM, Wayne Wong, is considering upgrading the ticketing system to the Skidata Easy.Gate system. With Easy.Gate, customers purchase an RFID ticket, and each ski lift is equipped with turnstiles that are controlled by RFID ticket detectors. The Easy.Gate system costs $3.92 million. The Easy.Gate equipment can be sold for $1.5 million in two years. All of the ticketing equipment is in Class 43 with a
30% depreciation rate. The Easy.Gate system slightly reduces the number of employees needed for ticketing, and more importantly,
significantly reduces loss due to fraud. The increase in EBITDA is expected to be $1.1 million in each of the next two years. If PM buys the Easy.Gate system, it will need to purchase an inventory of parts worth $100,000. Assume that investment cash flows occur immediately, and that sales and production costs occur at the end of the year.
PM’s cost of capital is 11% and the tax rate is 25%. Answer the following questions.
a. What are the initial cash flows? (Round to the nearest dollar.)
b. What are the operating cash flows at the end of the first year? (Round to the nearest dollar.)
c. What are the terminal year cash flows? (Round to the nearest dollar.)
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6. The basic WACC equation
The calculation of a weighted average cost of capital (WACC) involves calculating the weighted average of the required rates of return on debt and
equity, where the weights equal the percentage of each type of financing in the firm's overall capital structure.
is the symbol that represents the cost of preferred stock in the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) equation.
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stock?
34.58%
38.04%
O 31.12%
O 27.66%
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rdrd
rsrs
WACC
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70%
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10.50%
8.61%
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60%
7.20%
10.80%
8.21%
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50%
7.70%
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8.90%
12.20%
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Review this situation: Universal Exports Inc. is trying to identify its optimal capital structure. Universal Exports Inc. has gathered the following financial information to help with the analysis.
Debt Ratio
Equity Ratio
rdrd
rsrs
WACC
30%
70%
7.00%
10.50%
8.61%
40%
60%
7.20%
10.80%
8.21%
50%
50%
7.70%
11.40%
8.01%
60%
40%
8.90%
12.20%
8.08%
70%
30%
10.30%
13.50%
8.38%
Which capital structure shown in the preceding table is Universal Exports Inc.’s optimal capital structure?
Debt ratio = 70%; equity ratio = 30%
Debt ratio = 50%; equity ratio = 50%
Debt ratio = 60%; equity ratio = 40%
Debt ratio = 40%; equity ratio = 60%
Debt ratio = 30%; equity ratio = 70%
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W Corp
A Corp
Co. Corp
Ca Corp
Risk Free rate
4.00%
3.00%
2.00%
3.50%
Beta
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1.30%
1.40%
Market Return
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10:00%
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Debt to Equity Ratio
2.5
3
4
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Credit Spread om BPS
200
300
250
150
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Other items
Market risk premium
Long term growth
Long term ROCB
Tax rate
25%
6.0%
2.0%
0.60
0.30
Unlevered beta
Risk free rate
3.0%
9.0%
Target debt/equity ratio
Bond rating
Small firm premium
Credit spread debt
2.0%
1.5%
BBB
What is the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (or WACC) of this company in percentages (%)? Please round your answer to one decimal place, use a period to indicate the
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Forecasted return
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11%
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Beta
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PART ONE
Assume that you have the following investment
alternatives are at your disposal, shown with their
probabilities and associated outcomes.
Condition of economy Probability Treasury Bill Nyundo Ltd Mwila Ltd
Recession
0.1
8.0%
-22%
10%
Below average
0.2
8.0%
-2%
-10%
Average
0.4
8.0%
20%
7.0%
Above average
0.2
8.0%
35%
45%
Boom
0.1
8.0%
50%
30%
Required:
1. Compute the correlation coefficient.
2. Construct the security market line.
Fill in your answers ONLY in this table. Round answers to 2 decimal places.
This table must be submitted (any student who doesn't submit this table with
only answers rounded to 2 decimal places will get zero)
The Risk Free Rate is 0.5% for every state of the economy.
Probability
Stock A
Stock B
Market Portfolio
Recession
0.1
-22%
28%
-13%
Below average
0.2
-2%
14.7%
1%
Average
0.4
20%
0%
15%
Above average
0.2
35%
-10%
29%
Boom
0.1
50%
-20%
43%
ER
?
1.74%
15%
Variance ()
401.44
?
235.20
CV
?
?
?
Beta (ẞ)
1.3
-0.87
?
S Measure
?
?
?
T Measure
?
?
?…
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Module 6 Question 2
(Individual or component costs of capital) Compute the cost of capital for the firm for the following:
a. Currently bonds with a similar credit rating and maturity as the firm's outstanding debt are selling to yield
8.00 percent while the borrowing firm's corporate tax rate is 34 percent.
b. Common stock for a firm that paid a $1.05 dividend last year. The dividends are expected to grow at a rate of
5.0 percent per year into the foreseeable future. The price of this stock is now $25.00.
c. A bond that has a $1,000 par value and a coupon interest rate of 12.0 percent with interest paid semiannually. A new issue would sell for $1,150 per bond and mature in 20 years. The firm's tax rate is 34 percent.
d. A preferred stock paying a dividend of 7.0 percent on a $100 par value. If a new issue is offered, the shares would sell for $85.00 per share.
a. The after-tax cost of debt debt for the firm is ________%.
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Understanding the optimal capital structure
Review this situation: Universal Exports Inc. is trying to identify its optimal capital structure. Universal Exports Inc. has gathered the following financial information to help with the analysis.
Debt Ratio
Equity Ratio
rdrd
rsrs
WACC
30%
70%
7.00%
10.50%
8.61%
40%
60%
7.20%
10.80%
8.21%
50%
50%
7.70%
11.40%
8.01%
60%
40%
8.90%
12.20%
8.08%
70%
30%
10.30%
13.50%
8.38%
Which capital structure shown in the preceding table is Universal Exports Inc.’s optimal capital structure?
Debt ratio = 50%; equity ratio = 50%
Debt ratio = 30%; equity ratio = 70%
Debt ratio = 60%; equity ratio = 40%
Debt ratio = 70%; equity ratio = 30%
Debt ratio = 40%; equity ratio = 60%
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