Understanding Kirchhoff's Rules in Multiloop Circuits

School

Middlesex County College *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

124

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Date

Jan 9, 2024

Type

Pages

Uploaded by SuperBookBaboon24

Multiloop Circuits: Kirchhoff’s Rules March 10, 2023 Laboratory Partners: - Deris Montiel - Katherine Rodriguez - Nicholas Tasca Abstract In this lab, we investigated Kirchhoff’s rules and how to use them to calculate the currents in a multiloop circuit. By using a voltmeter and ammeter, the current running through the loop is measured. First, the total voltage is adjusted to 8.00 volts. The currents are measured again from I1, I2, I3, I4, and I5. Even with high errors, there are similarly calculated currents compared to experimental results. The highest percent error in Part I was 33%, and the highest percent error in Part II was 36%. Other results concluded that Kirchhoff’s Rules are shown in this Lab. Theory Current (I) Voltage (V) Battery (E) Resistor (R) - Kirchhoff’s rule of junction: ∑ ❑ ❑ I entering = ∑ ❑ ❑ I leaving - Kirchhoff’s rule of the loop: ∑ ❑ ❑ △ V around anyclosed loop = 0 - From higher V (a) to lower V (b) based on current △ V = V b − V a =− IR - From lower V (a) to higher V (b) based on current △ V = V b − V a =+ IR - From lower V (a) to higher V (b) based on battery △ V = V b − V a =+ ε - From higher V (a) to lower V (b) based on battery △ V = V b − V a =− ε

Experimental Description Experiment Part I: One Power Supply Multiloop Circuit In this first experiment, connect the circuit indicated in the picture above with R 1 ❑ = 20 Ω, R 2 ❑ = 50 Ω, R 3 ❑ = 100 Ω , R 4 ❑ = 25 Ω , ∧ R 5 ❑ = 75 Ω while the power supply is disconnected. After checking the circuit, connect the power supply, switch on the power, and set the total voltage V to around 8.00V DC. Calculate the current I that flows via the power supply. Measure the currents I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , I 4 , ∧ I 5 ❑ ❑ as they travel through each resistor in turn. Calculate currents I , I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , I 4 , ∧ I 5 using Kichhoff's rule and compare them to the experimental data in the tables. Part II: Two Power Supply Multiloop Circuit

In the second experiment, connect the circuit as indicated in the picture above with R 1 ❑ = 50 Ω, R 2 ❑ = 25 Ω, ∧ R 3 ❑ = 75 Ω , while the power supply is disconnected. After checking the circuit, connect the power supply, switch on the power, and set the total voltages V1 and V2 to around 5.0 V and 4.0 V, respectively. Measure the currents I 1 , I 2 , ¿ I 3 ❑ ❑ as they travel through each resistor in turn. Calculate currents I 1 , I 2 , ¿ I 3 ❑ ❑ using Kichhoff's method and compare them to the experimental data in tables. Data Part I

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Resistor Number Resistance Current (amp) Kirchhoff Rule % Error (I1)1 20 0.102 0.100 2.00% (I2)2 50 0.099 0.094 5.32% (I3)3 100 0.063 0.063 0.00% (I4)4 25 0.140 0.140 0.00% (I5)5 75 0.036 0.027 33.3% I 0.204 0.201 1.49% Sample Work Part II Resistor Number Resistance Current (amp) Kirchhoff Rule % Error (I1)1 50 0.031 0.049 36.73% (I2)2 25 0.022 0.028 21.43% (I3)3 75 0.054 0.054 0.00%

Questions 1. There are 4 junctions - A, B, C, and D At A I 1 = I 3 + I 5 At B I 2 + I 5 = I 4 At C I 3 + I 4 = I At D I = I 1 + I 2 2. The negative value of current means the current flows in the opposite direction. Conclusion When concluding are calculations for this lab, which focuses on Kirchoff’s Rule, we can see that there were many errors with our data. With percent errors as high as 36%. This lab does prove Kirchoff’s Rule in some data but not all due to the errors in calculations. However, this lab still teaches about junctions and how they affect the flow of current(A). As well as having multiple instances where the calculated currents are similar to the experimental results. Much like I(3) and I(4) from Part I with 0% error in calculations. It is with no doubt that the theoretical calculations need more review. Furthermore, for future labs, extra preparation in calculations will be done before completing the chart. Other errors could include meter misreadings and faulty equipment.