EE1301_HW5

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EE 1301: Introduction to Computing Systems Homework 5 - Arrays and Strings Purpose Now that you have rich sources of data, like files, you will likely need new programming constructs to organize your data. In this assignment, you will begin to store and process information in arrays and use strings to parse data. Recommended Reading (zyBooks) ❏ 7.1 Arrays ❏ 7.2 Iterating through arrays ❏ 7.6 Functions with array parameters ❏ 6.5 File input ❏ 6.7 File output ❏ 7.12 Command-line arguments ❏ 8.12 Two-dimensional arrays ❏ 8.13 Char arrays / C strings ❏ 8.14 String library functions Libraries You may use the following libraries for this assignment: #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> #include <cstdlib> #include <ctime> #include <iomanip> Problem A: Maze Runner 2.0 (5 points) You have been hired to develop a thrilling C++-based game called Maze Runner (see mazeRunner_v2.cpp ). Go play this game now to see what you are getting yourself into! Through extensive play testing research, your marketing team has determined that you must add two new features to the Maze Runner game: “walls” and a “custom level”. The “walls” feature adds impassable terrain to the game, which will appear as a ‘W’ in the maze and should stop the Robot from moving into that square. First, you will need to add the ability to add ‘W’s to the maze to represent the walls. Then, you must modify the robot movement, defined in updateGrid(), so that if you try to move into a wall, you will not go anywhere. You should create a new default board, defined in initBoard() by adding some ‘W’s (walls), changing the initial position of ‘X’ (robot start), and moving the goal ‘O’ (cookie) to a different location. The “custom level” feature will allow players to modify the game board with a simple text editor. To support this feature, you must modify mazeRunner_v2.cpp to read in a maze from a file named maze.txt. The file will specify the locations of game elements (i.e., '-', ‘X’, ‘O’, or ‘W’) in the maze. If maze.txt does not exist in the current directory, your program should default to the board you defined above. You can assume that the custom levels all match the size of the default board, which is 10x10.

An example file ( maze.txt ) is provided for you to test with, which corresponds to the example below. Example Output WWWW-O-WWW ---W-X---- --WWWWWW-W ---------- WWWWWWWWW- ---------- -WW-WW-WW- ---------- WW-WW-WW-W ---------- Where would you like to go? (l, r, u, d) u WWWW-X-WWW ---W------ --WWWWWW-W ---------- WWWWWWWWW- ---------- -WW-WW-WW- ---------- WW-WW-WW-W ---------- You found the cookie! Congratulations! Edit the provided mazeRunner_v2.cpp file to include the changes described above. Rename and submit the Maze Runner 2.0 file using the normal convention (e.g., “username_hw5A.cpp”). Problem B: Random Matrix (5 points) Write a program that generates a 2D matrix filled with random values and stores it in an output file “randArray.txt” in the same directory as the program. Your program should take three integer values as command line inputs : the number of rows in the matrix (numRows), the number of columns (numColumns), and a number specifying the range of random values stored in the matrix (arrayMax). On the first line of the output file, you will write the number of rows and the number of columns in the matrix, separated by a space. Starting on the second line of the output file, you will write a 2D matrix with numRows rows and numColumns columns. The values in the matrix will be random numbers between -arrayMax and +arrayMax, inclusive. Values on the same row will be space-delimited, and each row will end with a newline.

DO NOT USE “cin” in any way. Your program should utilize the command line arguments as the *only* input. Your program must check if the right number of command line arguments have been provided. If not, print to the terminal an appropriate error message, as shown below, and exit your program with a return value >0. Example Output $ ./HW5B 2 $ Please provide exactly 3 integer values as command line arguments. Correct usage: ./HW5B <numRows> <numColumns> <arrayMax> $ ./HW5B 4 4 $ Please provide exactly 3 integer values as command line arguments. Correct usage: ./HW5B <numRows> <numColumns> <arrayMax> Note that you do not actually need to store the array in your code. You are simply generating a series of numbers and printing them to the output file as a space-delimited matrix. Example Output $ ./HW5B 2 3 0 $ cat ./randArray.txt 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 $ ./HW5B 4 4 8 $ cat ./randArray.txt 4 4 -1 4 -2 -3 1 6 -8 2 6 -4 -4 -6 2 8 -2 -2 Name and submit your source file using the normal convention (e.g., username_hw5B.cpp).

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Problem C: Pixel Averaging (5 points) You are given a computer system that stores gray-scale images using a 2D array of pixels. Each pixel stores the intensity value as an integer. A common image filtering function (called blurring or smoothing) replaces the intensity value of each pixel with the average of the intensities of the given pixel and each pixel surrounding it. For example, in the grid shown below, the intensity value for pixel Y is replaced with the average of Y and all of the pixels marked X that surround it. X X X X Y X X X X B 1 B 2 A B 3 D 1 D 2 B 5 B 4 D 3 C If the pixel is on the edge of the image so that it does not have a full set of eight neighbors, such as pixel A (shown above), the new value is the average of only the pixel and its existing neighbors, marked B i in this example. A new = (A+B 1 +B 2 +B 3 +B 4 +B 5 ) / 6 Likewise, if the pixel is in the corner (in other words, on 2 edges), the average will be: C new = (C+D 1 +D 2 +D 3 ) / 4 Write a program that reads a 2D array of signed integers from an input file, whose name is provided by a command line argument, and performs this averaging process on the input array. The first line of the input file will contain the number of rows and columns in the array, separated by a space, and the remaining rows of the file will contain the space-delimited array. The output generated by performing the average filtering on the input should also be stored in an array. The output intensity values should be printed from this array to console out as integer values. You may assume that the input arrays will not be larger than 100x100, but your code should make the maximum array dimension a configurable value controlled by a constant integer.

You should use functions appropriately to make your program easy to read and understand. You should be able to use your array-generating program from Problem B to generate inputs to test this program. Example Input - randArray.txt $ cat randArray.txt 4 4 -1 4 -2 -3 1 6 -8 2 6 -4 -4 -6 2 8 -2 -2 Example Output $ ./HW5C randArray.txt 0 -1 0 -1 -1 1 -1 0 0 1 0 -1 0 -1 0 1 0 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 2 Hints This program is more complex than most that you have written so far this semester. It may be helpful to split the problem into different sections and solve each section in sequence. For example, reading the input, performing the computation, and writing the output. Debug each of these independently, then combine them. For example, use a static array in memory to test the computation stage, rather than testing with random data from the input stage. Use a static test input for which you know what the output should be (e.g., an array containing all ones). This will allow you to more easily check for correct behavior. Each of these stages can be encapsulated into its own independent function(s). In the computation stage, check whether each neighboring location to a pixel exists before using it in the average calculation. How to Test Your Program It can be difficult to test programs with random inputs. You will need to generate ‘deterministic’ test cases for your program that are fixed and non-random. There are at least two good ways to do this. First, you may want to use manual input for your test array. In developing these test cases, make sure you exercise your program with different types of input combinations, and try to think of how you can cover any corner cases. These are often the places where small errors result in outputs that are slightly off. As mentioned above, a good manual test case is an array containing all ones, since it is easy to verify whether the output is correct. The second option you can use to generate good test cases is to capture one set of random data and re-run your code over that data set multiple times, checking that the corresponding responses are correct and consistent.

Run your code a couple times in a row with the exact same inputs as well, which will help show if your arrays are actually random or if there is an issue with your random number seeding. Example Test Case Note: You can create a text file just by opening a text editor, such as geany, with the name of the new file and then saving it once you have entered the data. $ geany manualArray.txt “Typing in array manually and saving file” $ cat manualArray.txt 3 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 $ ./HW5C manualArray.txt 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 Submission Please submit the following files in Canvas - Gradescope: username _hw5A.cpp username _hw5B.cpp username _hw5C.cpp It is important that you follow the file naming conventions carefully. Please note that the auto-grader will not compile your submission if it is named incorrectly. Please also note the following: ● Your username should be all in lowercase ● You should not include “@umn.edu” ● The filename should contain an underscore (not a dash) ● The ‘A’ in “5A” is upper case ● The extension for your source files is .cpp Following rigorous naming conventions is something computer programmers often must do, and submitting your program with the correct name is part of doing this assignment correctly. Grading As in Homework 1, all submissions should be in the form of a source file that compiles without error and executes correctly on the CSE Linux machines / Gradescope. This assignment will be graded as follows.

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Problem A - 15pts ● Manual Grading ○ (1 pt) Default Board ○ (2 pts) Basic Movements ○ (1 pt) Movement against Wall ○ (2 pts) Initialize Board & Exit ○ (4 pts) Custom Board - File Handling - Open, Check if open, Close ○ (2 pts) User interface (I/O formatting) ○ (3 pts) Coding Style - readability, header, and comments with your name, etc. Problem B - 15pts ● Autograder: ○ (2 pts) Invalid number of Arguments & Exit ○ (1 pt) Output File - randArray.txt in the same directory ○ (2 pts) User interface (I/O formatting) ● Manual Grading ○ (4 pts) Randomization & Range ○ (3 pts) File Handling - Open, Check if open, Close ○ (3 pts) Coding Style - readability, header, and comments with your name, etc. Problem C - 15pts ● Autograder ○ (1 pt) Invalid Input & Exit ○ (6 pts) Testcases ● Manual Grading ○ (3 pts) File Handling - Open, Check if open, Close ○ (2 pts) User interface (I/O formatting) ○ (3 pts) Coding Style - readability, header, and comments with your name, etc.