Class Assignment I

docx

School

Humber College *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

3000

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Date

Feb 20, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by UltraFireGoose38

Class Assignment I: Energy, Efficiency and Resources Subject: SCIE 3006- RE and Sustainable Future Student Name(s): _Drashti Dhameliya______________ Date: ---------------------- Note: Please thoroughly read and understand the questions, discuss with classmates, if possible, research online, and provide an appropriate response. Feel free to ask me for help if needed. Question 1: Difference in the Power and Energy: The difference between power and energy is that power (W or kW (kilowatts)) is the rate at which electricity is consumed or produced, while energy (kWh (kilowatt-hours)) is the total quantity consumed or produced over a period (usually in hours or one-year). Examples of the Power and Energy: To produce identical light (lumens) from Incandescent and LED lamps, the power ratings (W) of incandescent and LED lamps are 100 W and 18 W, respectively. Please calculate the missing values in the columns of Tables 1 and 2 using the examples from the first row. (The price of electricity is assumed to be $0.20/kWh). Table 1: Incandescent bulbs (100 W) No. of bulbs Energy (10 hrs) Price (0.20/kWh) 1 (completed) 1 x 100 W x 10 h= 1000 Wh =1 kWh $0.20 5 5 x 100W x 10 h = 5000Wh = 5 kWh $ 1.00 10 10 x 100W x 10 h=10000 Wh = 10kWh $ 2.00 25 25 x 100W x10 h = 25000 Wh = 25 Kwh $ 5.00 Table 2: LED bulbs (18 W) No. of bulbs Energy (10 hrs) Price (0.20/kWh) 1 (completed) 1 x 18 W x 10 h=180Wh=0.18 kWh $0.036 5 5 x 18W x 10H = 900Wh = 0.9 kWh $0.18 10 10 x 18W x 10h = 1800 = 1.8 kWh $ 0.36 25 10 x 25W x 10h = 2500 = 2.5 kWh $ 0.5

What information can be derived from the data presented in Tables 1 and 2 (for instance, this data includes details about energy consumption, electricity prices, and the comparative savings achieved through LED lighting compared to incandescent bulbs)? In table 1 the energy consumption for one bulb over 10 hours is calculated by multiplying the power (100 W) by the time (10 h), resulting in 1000 Wh or 1 kWh. The corresponding cost for this energy consumption, assuming an electricity price of $0.20/kWh, is $0.20. -In table 2 the energy consumption for one LED bulb over 10 hours is calculated similarly, resulting in 180 Wh or 0.18 kWh. The corresponding cost for this energy consumption, at the same electricity price, is $0.036. This data shows that LED lights use far less energy and are therefore less expensive to operate, even if they have a lower power rating (18 W compared to 100 W for incandescent bulbs). The filled rows in each table serve as reference points for figuring out the energy and cost for 5, 10, and 25 bulbs, allowing for a direct comparison of the two types of bulbs. The information gained underlines the potential cost savings and energy efficiency associated with moving from incandescent to LED lighting, which is beneficial for the use of more energy-efficient technology. Question 2:

Please write the names of the major fossil fuels, renewable energy sources, and greenhouse gases in the Table below. Fossil fuels (non-Renewables) Oil , Coal and Natural gas Renewable Energy Sources Hydro, Solar, Wind Greenhouse gas Carbon dioxide, Methane, Ozone Question 3: What are energy conservation and energy efficiency? Could you provide two examples of each? Have you come across any government programs aimed at supporting energy conservation or efficiency? ANS: Reducing energy use is the practice of energy conservation. Turning off the lights and fans when you leave a room and disconnecting appliances when not in use are two instances of it. On the other hand, energy efficiency refers to the use of equipment that uses less energy to function; thermostats and energy-saving light bulbs are two examples of this. Question 4: Province-wide energy conservation programs are established by the Ontario government and delivered by local utilities (such as Toronto Hydro, Enbridge) to help households/industry/business save energy and reduce their electricity consumptions. Conservation can mean energy efficiency (e.g., more efficient appliances or better insulated buildings) or changing behavior (reducing or eliminating energy consumption). “Demand response ” is another kind of conservation to help to reduce the amount of electricity used when it’s at its most expensive, as a way of limiting the need for new sources. Where do you think the government should make the most effort in the future to reduce the electricity demand? Understand the meaning of underline words and rank the following statements in order of importance, 1 being the most important and 7 is least (the response is a subjective selection). Please justify the reasoning of your rank in the given space. (“Demand Response”: In-demand response, voluntary rationing is accomplished by price incentives—offering lower electricity pricing in exchange for reduced power consumption in peak periods). Rank Possible solutions to reduce electricity use 7 Better consumer tools to analyze and understand personal electricity use 6 More public education on ways to reduce and shift electricity use 4 Strengthening energy efficiency standards for household items (e.g., Energy

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Star) 3 Phasing out inefficient products more quickly (e.g., Incandescent bulbs) 1 Demand response programs for ratepayers (like Peaksaver Plus) 5 Programs to help businesses and institutions to lower their energy use 2 Stronger energy efficiency standards in house/building codes Please justify the reasoning of your rank in the following space (in few sentences): Prioritizing demand response programs demonstrates the need to limit peak demand, which has a direct impact on power pricing and grid resilience. Strengthening building codes and phase-out of inefficient items are two other long-term, systemic reforms that are the focus. Initiatives targeted at businesses and organizations recognize the significant energy consumption in these sectors. Even if their impacts might not be felt immediately, consumer tools and public education are vital. Question 5: Ontario’s mix of electricity was 60% nuclear, 26% hydro, 4% natural gas, 10% wind and solar, 0% coal. Coal generation in Ontario was eliminated by the end of 2014. What strategies should Ontario use for its future mix of electricity sources? Rank the following statements in order of importance, 1 being the most important priority and 7 is least priority. (The response is a subjective selection) Rank Options 1 We should continue to reduce GHG emissions beyond eliminating coal 4 The lowest-cost source should be our priority 6 I think the supply mix is fine as it is 5 We need to focus more on conservation 7 Natural gas is our best option for future electricity 3 Nuclear power is our best option 2 Green energy (e.g., wind, solar, hydro) is our best option Please justify the reasoning of your rank in the following space (in few sentences):

Prioritizing the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is an indication of acknowledging the importance of addressing climate change. Giving preference to renewable energy sources is in line with sustainable and environmentally conscious practices. Despite the low carbon footprint of nuclear power, safety and waste management concerns must be properly considered. Environmental goals shouldn't be sacrificed, even while cost-effectiveness is essential. Proactive supply mix modifications and conservation efforts are essential for resilient and sustainable energy futures. Long-term objectives for environmental sustainability could not be compatible with giving natural gas priority. Question 6: A significant amount of Ontario’s conservation and demand management program is delivered by local electricity and natural gas companies (such as Toronto Hydro, Enbridge). What is your impression of how well your community/institution/company is doing to reduce electricity and natural gas demands? (Choose one (X)) (the response is a subjective selection) Selection Options I’m happy with the amount of conservation I see in my surroundings I think we’re doing ok, but we could be doing more X I don’t see a lot of evidence of electricity/gas conservation effort in my experience. If it’s going on, I’m not aware about it We’re not a very energy-efficient community. We need to do a lot more just to keep up supply Do you have any other suggestions to improve energy conservation? We can improve it by increasing the awareness and educating the people as I see the lack of knowledge about it in the people surrounding me.

Question 7: We produce enough electricity in Ontario to meet our needs, but in the past, sometimes we had to import electricity from neighbors (Manitoba, Quebec, Michigan, Minnesota, and New York). Should we consider importing electricity instead of building new generation facilities here? Rank the following statements in order of importance, 1 being the most important and 5 is least. (The response is a subjective selection) Rank Options 1 We should import from other Canadian provinces if it’s more affordable than building new sources. 3 We should import from American states if it’s more affordable than building new sources. 2 We should only import if it’s from green sources. 5 We should never import but build new generation sources based on green power (solar, wind) to stay self-sufficient. 4 We should only build new electricity generation facility to creates more jobs for Ontarians. Please justify the reasoning of your rank in the following space (in few sentences): When cost-effectiveness is prioritised, imports from other Canadian provinces or American states should be made if doing so proves to be more cost-effective than developing new facilities. On the other hand, promoting the import of renewable energy demonstrates a dedication to environmental sustainability. Environmental impact and economic efficiency come first, even when job creation is taken into consideration. While it is true that constructing new facilities might aid in employment creation, cost- effectiveness and sustainability shouldn't suffer as a result. The last option, which emphasises self- sufficiency, is not recommended if it would make it more difficult to employ renewable energy sources or make economic sense. The overall plan provides Ontario's energy planners with a more complete picture by balancing social, environmental, and economic factors. Question 8: Different regions of Ontario have different electricity needs. Some regions have heavy industry (such as Hamilton Area), while others have rapidly growing communities (such as Toronto, Brampton). Do you feel that regions and municipalities will be considered in future energy planning? Please indicate whether

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

you agree or disagree with each of the following statements: A region should be responsible for generating at least some of its own power. (The response is a subjective selection) Agree/ Disagree Options Agree A region should be responsible for generating at least some of its own power Agree Regions should have the option to buy all their power from sources in another region, if the power is available from green sources Agree Regions should make conservation their priority to reduce the need for new supply Please justify the reasoning of your selection in the following space (in few sentences): The notion of localized power generation underscores the idea of resilience and self-sufficiency in the region's energy supply. This approach gives regions more control over their energy security, particularly during periods of high demand or potential disruptions to the larger energy system. However, communities should also be able to buy electricity from neighbouring places in order to be more adaptable and to promote sustainability—especially if that electricity is generated using renewable resources. This collaborative approach advances the overall goal of employing renewable energy sources as well as more general sustainability goals. It also becomes evident that prioritizing conservation measures is a crucial strategy for regions seeking to maximize energy consumption. Areas may be able to avoid requiring additional electricity generation by lowering their use.