Problem Set #4-Marine Iguana census BIOS 230 Fall 2023 (1)
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BIOS 230-Fall 2023
Problem Set #4
Direct counts of wildlife—Marine iguana drone census homework
25 pts.
Due Thursday, October 26 at 11:59 p.m.
Type answers in this document, then save as pdf or Word doc and upload to the Problem Set #4 submission portal on Blackboard.
https://happygringo.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/group-of-marine-iguanas-at-galapagos-islands.jpg
Direct counts of wildlife—Marine iguana drone census
In December, 2019, I worked with other marine iguana researchers to update the IUCN Red List classification for marine iguanas. The status of marine iguanas had not been re-evaluated since 2003, and not only was it time
to re-assess, new genetic work had divided the species into additional subspecies, which had never been assessed. When we approached the wildlife service on Galapagos, they did not have updated population counts,
which are very important for conducting an accurate Red List update. My colleague, Dr. Amy Macleod, applied for and received a grant to do a drone census to collect this vital information. In this course, we’ve discussed several ways to count organisms. In this exercise, you will be conducting a direct count using real data. Images of potential marine iguana habitat were surveyed by drone. The images have been stitched and posted on the Zooniverse website for crowd-sourcing counts of any iguanas captured during these surveys. For this homework, you will not only be conducting a direct count, you will be contributing to our knowledge of the
abundance and distribution of marine iguanas on the Galapagos Islands. So please count carefully and accurately!
©
Karin Nelson 2023
Instructions:
Visit the Zooniverse website:
https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/andreavarela89/iguanas-from-above?utm_source=email&utm_medium=newsletter&utm_campaign=iguana2023Oct20
First, read the instructions and complete the short tutorial
of how to identify marine iguanas. Be sure to look at the very, very helpful pictures of marine iguanas in the field guide on the right of the screen. Then load the first photo. My personal technique for going through these photos (but you don’t have to do it the same way
I do):
1.
Figure out the picture orientation
first. You can rotate the image, using shadows to help you figure out which way is down. I find this helpful, but sometimes it also helps to look at the image upside-
down, sometimes things stand out that way.
2.
You may wish to do a quick scan with the blue filter
on (the little half-moon symbol under each picture next to the “You should log in!” message. The filter can help you see objects better, then you can zoom in and do your methodical zigzag scan. If you choose to log in (optional), you can chat with the researchers and ask them questions.
3.
Determine the scale
of what you’re looking at. It’s often hard to tell if the rocks you see are the size of a loaf of bread or the size of a picnic table. See if you can find a frame of reference for size, like a crab or a plant. This makes it easier to know what you’re looking for, and whether you need to zoom way in or just a little bit.
4.
Use the zigzag scan technique described in the online instructions
across the entire picture. Be sure to look carefully in any large cracks (use the filter). Log any marine iguanas you see. If you think you might see an iguana but you’re not sure, click “Yes” and on the next page there’s an option for “I think it’s an iguana but I’m not sure.” Once you’ve logged any iguanas, be sure to also log any other creatures
and plants. When you’re done with each image
, record what you found on the worksheet below, and submit on the Zooniverse website and move on to the next image.
©
Karin Nelson 2023
Direct counts—Marine iguana drone census Evaluate 20
pictures, using the worksheet below. (10 pts.)
Time you started: _____________ Time you finished: ______________ Total time spent: _____________
Image #
Marine iguanas
Crabs
Sea lions
Birds
Turtles
Plants
Plastics/Fishing
Gear
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
2
1
0
0
0
0
4
3
3
0
7
0
0
0
3
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
4
2
5
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
00
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
12
0
0
0
0
1
11
0
0
0
0
0
3
10
12
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
14
6
6
0
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
16
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
17
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
19
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
TOTAL:
14
34
0
0
0
23
24
Now, answer the following questions about your iguana census.
1.
How many marine iguanas did you find in total? (2 pts.) 14
2.
How long did it take you to evaluate 20 drone images? (2 pts.)
Around an hour and a half
3.
How many images did you analyze before you saw marine iguanas? (2 pts.)
1 before I saw marine Iguanas, but before the second one was around 6 pictures.
More….
©
Karin Nelson 2023
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4.
Populations of marine iguanas on some islands may be 10,000-20,000 animals. Does your count suggest a population this large? Why or why not? (3 pts.)
My count suggests that the population is not that large due to the fact that I saw a lot of pictures of no Iguanas.
5.
Based on your experience with this data set, what factors do you think might affect the accuracy of the marine iguana drone census? (3 pts.)
I think the factors that influenced the accuracy of my census would be that the pictures were a little blurry, due to the fact that they were converted to pngs when uploaded. Also camouflage may have influenced this
6.
Comment on the broad effectiveness of direct counts based on your experience with the marine iguana data. (3 pts.) I think direct counts are not too effective due to the fact that a lot of iguanas are out of frame and/or blend in really well with their environment.
©
Karin Nelson 2023
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