ChelseaHarden_ReadingPortfolio

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READING PORTFOLIO Chelsea Harden EE 301 Methods of Teaching Reading
Phonemic Awareness Definition/Explanation Phonemic awareness is to hear and manipulate individual sounds in words (Cooper et al., 2012). Having phonemic awareness means that students can blend sounds to create words to pronounce. It can also be seen as a "skill at hearing producing the separate sounds in words, dividing words into their component sounds, blending separate sounds into words, and recognizing words that sound alike or different" (Learning Point Associates, 2004). For example, a child with phonemic awareness can identify that "cat" has three distinct sounds: /k/ /a/ /t/ (Learning Point Associates, 2004). This example is of blending phonemes, a crucial part of phonemic awareness. "Phonemic awareness is the foundation of reading and is crucial for phonics instruction" (Learning Point Associates, 2004). Students with strong phonemic awareness can more easily learn to decode words and read fluently. Phonological awareness is to recognize and manipulate sounds in spoken language. In contrast, phonemic awareness specifically refers to the ability to identify and manipulate individual phonemes, minor units of sound that can change the meaning of a word. (Learning Point Associates, 2004). In other words, phonemic awareness is a subset of phonological awareness focusing on phonemes. Understanding the difference between the two is essential because phonemic awareness is a critical skill for learning to read and write. In contrast, phonological awareness is a broader skill that encompasses other aspects of sound in language.
Phonemic Awareness Activities Phonemic Activity 1 (Begin Learning Team, 2020) Mystery Bag: 1. Place three letters that can be used to make an easy-to-sound word inside the bag. 2. Have the students pull out one letter at a time and ask them what sound each letter makes. 3. Ask the students to rearrange the letters to make a word. If they succeed, they get a point. 4. If there are more advanced readers the teacher can ass more letters to make longer words. 5. Then the teacher can put lots of letters in the bag and then pull out a few and see if the student can make a real word, a nonsense word, or (lacking a vowel) no word at all. Phonemic Activity 2 (Begin Learning Team, 2020) Guess That Word: 1. Lay out a few items or pictures the students can easily name. 2. Use slow motion talk to pronounce the names of the items in a fun voice. 3. Ask the students to guess the name of the item or picture in questions before finishing the word. Phonemic Activity 3 (Begin Learning Team, 2020) Count and Clap: 1. Line up the students. 2. Sing a song with words of different syllables. 3. The students will clap for each syllable. 4. This activity helps students develop an understanding of syllables and rhythm. Phonemic Activity 4 (Begin Learning Team, 2020) Night Lights:
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1. Using inexpensive night lights is a great way to help children learn to say sounds in words. 2. Line up the night lights and say a word. 3. Have the student say the sounds as they turn the lights on. 4. Repeat this process with the same word, but have the students say the sounds while they turn off the night lights. 5. This activity is best to do in small group setting when working on 1-4 phoneme words. Phonemic Activity 5 (Begin Learning Team, 2020) Stretching Mat: 1. Use a yoga mat and begin by explaining that it’s important to stretch your body before you can stretch your brain. 2. Give the students a set of direction to stretch their body. 3. Once they have stretched their bodies, they are ready to stretch words. 4. The students will then stretch to the sounds of different words.
Phonemic Awareness Graphic Organizers Phonemic Graphic Organizer 1 ( Reading Resource, 2009)
Phonemic Graphic Organizer 2 (Carucci, n.d.)
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Phonemic Awareness Website Review Common Sense Media is a website dedicated to providing parents, educators, and children with information about media and technology. The website features reviews of movies, TV shows, books, and video games, as well as ratings for apps, websites, and other digital content. It also provides advice on how to use technology in a safe and responsible manner. Common Sense Media is a valuable resource for anyone looking to make informed decisions about media consumption and technology use. The website is easy to navigate and provides clear and concise information. Overall, Common Sense Media is a great tool for promoting digital literacy and responsible media use. Phonemic Awareness Resource for Teacher to Use Ateachableteacher.com is a website that reviews educational resources and tools for teachers. The website has a clean and easy-to-navigate layout, making it simple for teachers to find the information they need. The reviews are detailed and informative, providing valuable insights into each resource. Ateachableteacher.com also offers various resources and tools for teachers, such as lesson plans and classroom activities. Overall, this website is a great resource for teachers looking to enhance their teaching skills and find new educational tools.
PHONICS Definition/Explanation Phonics understands that letters represent sounds and involves decoding words using letter-sound relationships. Phonics is understood as a set of rules created to make spelling consistent from word to word and to establish consistency with speech sounds" (Learning Point Associates, 2004). An example of phonics in action would be a child sounding out the word "cat" by blending the sounds /k/ /a/ /t/. Phonics instruction focuses on how students decode words by using the sounds of letters and letter combinations. It helps students read unfamiliar words and build their reading fluency when effective phonics instruction enables the children to use relationships between graphemes and phonemes to read and spell words (Learning Point Associates, 2004).
Phonics Activities Phonics Activity 1 (Staake, 2020b) Slap the letter sound: 1. Students will need their own fly swatter. 2. The teacher will line out letters that spell out words. 3. The students will slap each letter with the fly swatter and say the sound of that letter. 4. The student will then put the sounds together to say the complete word. Phonics Activity 2 (Staake, 2020b) Missing Sounds Reading Activity: 1. The teacher will post a poster of a bunch of CVC words on the wall around the classroom. 2. The teacher will write out each vowel sounds that go with the words on post-it notes. 3. The students will then go around the room and place the vowel in its place on the poster. 4. The teacher will ask the students to sound out the letters of each word they create with the post-it notes. Phonics Activity 3 (Staake, 2020b) Mix and Match Cups to Make Words: 1. The teacher will write letters and letter blends on solo cups. 2. The students will mix up the cups. 3. The students will use the mixed-up cups to mix and match words. Phonics Activity 4 (Hudson, 2016) Pool Noodle Phonics: 1. Begin by cutting a slit lengthwise along the entire pool noodle.
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2. Cut the pool noodle into one-inch pieces. 3. Write three different vowels on each of the separate pool noodle pieces. Repeat the process using a second color pool noodle and consonants. 4. Put glue on the long end of the construction paper. Roll the construction paper around the broom handle so that it becomes a tube. 5. Slide the pool noodle letter beads onto the construction paper tube. 6. The students can practice consonant-vowel-consonant words, ending blends like -nd or - lp, and words that have both beginning and ending blends. 7. Have students record all the words they make using their pool noodle letter beads. Phonics Activity 5 (Tornio, 2019) Unlock and Learn Game: 1. The teacher will cut out letter sounds and blends and place them on locks. 2. The teacher will then match the sound with each lock and key and make sure they match. 3. The students will then find the key that unlocks each lock by matching the sounds. 4. Each sound the student get will be logged for them to see how many they got right.
Phonics Graphic Organizers Phonics Graphic Organizer 1 (Myers, n.d.)
Phonics Graphic Organizer 2 (Cunningham, n.d.)
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Phonics Website Review Phonics.com is a website that provides resources for teaching and learning phonics. It offers a range of phonics lessons, games, and activities that are suitable for children and adults alike. The website is easy to navigate, and the lessons are well-structured and engaging. The site also provides useful information and tips for parents and teachers who are looking to improve their phonics instruction. Overall, Phonics.com is a valuable resource for anyone who wants to improve their phonics skills or teach others how to read and write. Phonics Resource for Teacher to Use Phonics Hero is an online platform that offers a comprehensive program designed to teach children how to read. The website is user-friendly, and the program is easy to follow. The lessons are interactive and engaging, which makes learning fun for children. The website offers a free trial, which is a great way to test the program before committing to a subscription. The program is suitable for children aged 4-7 years old, and it is aligned with the UK curriculum. The website also provides resources for teachers and parents to support their child's learning. Overall, Phonics Hero is an excellent resource for children learning to read.
VOCABULARY Definition/Explanation Vocabulary refers to the words that a reader knows and understands (Cooper et al., 2012). A reader with a strong vocabulary can easily comprehend unfamiliar texts. Vocabulary knowledge is also essential for comprehension because it helps students understand the meaning of words and make connections between words and their context. There are four types of vocabulary: listening, speaking, reading, and writing (Learning Point Associates, 2004). These different types of vocabulary help develop a child's oral language. It also helps the child organize words and how to pronounce them. It plays an essential role in comprehension and helps children understand the meaning of words. If the children do not understand the words they read, they cannot comprehend the passage they are reading. When it comes to vocabulary instruction, to make it effective, teachers need to teach the word directly by providing explicit, clearly written definitions and well-chosen examples (Learning Point Associates, 2004)
Vocabulary Activities Vocabulary Activity 1 (Tanner, 2021) Word Graffiti: 1. Students are given a white board and a dry erase marker. 2. The teacher will give the students a list of vocabulary words for the story they are reading. 3. The students will write the words on the white board and then will work in groups to write what they think the words mean around it. 4. Once all the vocabulary words having meanings around them the groups will discuss with the class what they think each word means. 5. The teacher will then reveal the meaning of each word. Vocabulary Activity 2 (Tanner, 2021) Vocabulary Basketball: 1. The class will be separated into 2 teams. 2. The teacher will write the vocabulary words on the board. 3. Each team member will get a chance to step up and match the definition that the teacher gave with the vocabulary word. 4. The students get one point for giving the right vocabulary word. 5. The teacher would have marked on the floor a two-point spot and three-point spot. 6. If the student got the vocabulary word right, then they got an opportunity shoot a basket for extra points. Vocabulary Activity 3 (Tanner, 2021)
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Vocabulary Bingo: 1. Have students create their bingo cards from a vocabulary word bank. 2. The teacher should not read the word but define the word. 3. Once students have five in a row, they win but must define each word to ensure a fair game. Vocabulary Activity 4 (Tanner, 2021) Checkers: 1. Have students have pairs; in each square, the students put down a vocabulary word from a bank. 2. The student who wants to move their checker to another square will have to define the term before moving it. Vocabulary Activity 5 (Tanner, 2021) Vocabulary Jeporady: 1. The teacher creates a jeopardy board with vocabulary words the students have been working on. 2. On the large values the teacher will include the word they will learn next lesson. 3. This could be done as an entire class or in small groups.
Vocabulary Graphic Organizers Vocabulary Graphic Organizer 1 (EDraw, 2023)
Vocabulary Graphic Organizer 2 (Easybee Learning Tools, 2016)
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Vocabulary Website Review Vocabulary.com is a comprehensive website that offers a variety of tools and resources to help users improve their vocabulary skills. The site features a vast collection of word lists, quizzes, and games, all designed to make learning new words fun and engaging. One of the standout features of Vocabulary.com is its adaptive learning technology, which tailors the learning experience to each individual user based on their strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, the site offers a handy browser extension that allows users to look up words and add them to their vocabulary lists directly from any website. Overall, Vocabulary.com is a great resource for anyone looking to expand their vocabulary and improve their language skills. Vocabulary Resource for Teacher to Use Verbalworkout.com is a website aimed at improving people's verbal skills through various exercises and activities. The website is well-designed and easy to navigate, with a clean and modern layout. The exercises are diverse, ranging from vocabulary quizzes to grammar drills, and are suitable for users of different levels and backgrounds. The website also provides helpful explanations and examples, making it a valuable resource for anyone looking to enhance their verbal abilities. Overall, verbalworkout.com is a great tool for those seeking to improve their communication skills in a fun and engaging way.
READING COMPREHENSION Definition/Explanation Reading comprehension is the ability to understand and make meaning from what has been read. A reader who comprehends well can summarize, conclude, and make connections between different parts of a text (Cooper et al., 2012). Comprehension is the goal of reading. It involves understanding what is read, making connections, drawing conclusions, and summarizing the text. The comprehension strategies consist of comprehension monitoring, cooperative learning, using graphic and semantic organizers, answering questions about what they read, having students create questions, using prior knowledge to connect what they have read to what is already known, and summarizing what they have read (Learning Point Associates, 2004). Using prior knowledge is a critical strategy for comprehension. It is because everything we read is based on what we already know. It allows for a better understanding of what is read. The stronger the background knowledge is, the stronger the reader (Learning Point Associates, 2004). Strong readers can use all the Big Five components of reading to comprehend what they read and make meaning from it.
Reading Comprehension Activities Reading Comprehension Activity 1 (Kelley, 2021) 5 Finger Story Retells: 1. The students retell the story by using their hands to make the elements in the story. 2. The thumb is the setting, the index finger is the characters, the middle finger is the problem, the ring finger is the events, the pinkie is the ending. 3. The students trace their own hand and fill in the information for each finger. Reading Comprehension Activity 2 (Kelley, 2021) 3-2-1 Strategy: 1. After reading a passage the teacher will ask students to write some things down. 2. 3 things they learned, 2 interesting things, and 1 question. 3. The students will then share with the class their 3-2-1 things. Reading Comprehension Activity 3 (Kelley, 2021) The 5 W’s: 1. The teacher will ask students to write down the five W’s: who, what, when, where, and how on paper. 2. They will then read the passage. 3. As they read the passage, they will answer each of the five W’s. 4. Doing this allows for their reading comprehension to exceeds new levels. Reading Comprehension Activity 4 (Kelley, 2021) Question Ball:
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1. After reading a story as a class, the students will pass around a ball with different numbers. 2. The numbers should correspond to a predetermined set of questions. 3. The number should be determined by how the student catches the ball, for example the number closest to their left thumb. 4. Whichever number their thumb lands on they must answer that question about the story. Reading Comprehension Activity 5 (Kelley, 2021) Story Cheeseburger: 1. The teacher will provide the students with a printout of a cheeseburger with different layers. 2. The bun is the setting, the patty is the characters, and so on. 3. The students will fill in each layer of the cheeseburger with details from the story.
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Reading Comprehension Graphic Organizers Reading Comprehension Graphic Organizer 1 (Staff, 2021)
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Reading Comprehension Graphic Organizer 2 (Pasillas, 2023)
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Reading Comprehension Website Review ABCya.com is a great website for children to learn and play. The website offers a wide range of educational games an activity for kids in grades K-5. The games cover various subjects, including math, reading, and science. The website is user-friendly and easy to navigate, making it easy for children to find and play their favorite games. Additionally, ABCya.com offers a subscription service that provides access to even more games and activities. Overall, ABCya.com is a fantastic resource for parents and educators looking for fun and educational games for their children. Reading Comprehension Resource for Teacher to Use Readinga-z.com is an excellent website for educators looking to enhance their students' reading skills. The website offers a wide range of leveled reading materials, including books, worksheets, and lesson plans. The materials are organized by reading level, making it easy for teachers to find appropriate resources for their students. The website also provides useful tools for tracking student progress and creating personalized reading plans. Overall, readinga-z.com is a valuable resource for anyone looking to improve their students' reading abilities.
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FLUENCY Definition/Explanation Fluency is the ability to read with speed, accuracy, and expression (Learning Point Associates, 2004). A fluent reader can read smoothly and automatically without stopping and decoding individual words. Fluency is crucial for reading comprehension because it allows students to read quickly and accurately without struggling with decoding. Fluency gives them more mental energy to focus on understanding what they are reading. Accuracy in fluency is a critical aspect. It is the idea of recognizing and correctly identifying the word on the first try (Learning Point Associates, 2004). Speed in fluency is recognizing and pronouncing the words read rapidly. Children should be able to read words to comprehend the passage they are reading rapidly. Expression in fluency refers to reading as if it is spoken. Children are taught this through guided read-aloud when they show how to express what the words are saying.
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Fluency Activities Fluency Activity 1 (Staake, 2020a) Sentence Trees: 1. Begin with one word and add one word each step to create a full sentence. 2. These can be done individually or as a class. 3. They can also be made with multiple sentences in varying difficulty. 4. This is so the students get the hang of prosody. Fluency Activity 2 (Staake, 2020a) Reading Buddy: 1. Allow the student to bring a stuffed animal to school. 2. Allow the students to practice their reading out loud to their stuffed animals. 3. Encourage them to read to their buddy as if it were a real person. Fluency Activity 3 (Staake, 2020a) Fluency Phones: 1. Create a phone with PVC, just a U-shaped PVC pipe, so the students can hear themselves reading. 2. They should be able to talk on one side of the U and hear themselves through the other. Fluency Activity 4 (Staake, 2020a) Read like a: 1. Have students draw a card and read a passage. 2. The students must read the passage in the voice that is on the card. 3. The students will reread the passage in different kinds of voices.
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4. For example, read like a sloth, read in a grumpy voice, like a teacher, etc.… Fluency Activity 5 (Staake, 2020a) Use Line Tracking and Word Pointers: 1. Students will read a passage using a piece of paper or a pointer. 2. They will use the line tracking to help guide the students in reading their passage.
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Fluency Graphic Organizers Fluency Graphic Organizer 1 (Scholastic, 2023)
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Fluency Graphic Organizer 2 (Scholastic, 2023)
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Fluency Website Review Epic.com is a website that offers a variety of services. Its focus is on video games, with a wide selection of titles available for purchase or download. The website is well-designed and easy to navigate, with clear categories and search options to help users find what they're looking for. In addition to games, Epic.com also offers a range of other products such as software, books, and music. The site is updated regularly with new releases and promotions, making it a great destination for anyone interested in entertainment. Overall, Epic.com is a well-rounded and user- friendly website that is worth checking out. Fluency Resource for Teacher to Use ReadingResource.net is a website that provides a variety of resources for those looking to improve their reading skills. The site offers a range of articles, tips, and exercises to help users develop their reading abilities, including comprehension, speed, and vocabulary. Additionally, the site provides links to other reading resources, such as reading apps, websites, and books. Overall, ReadingResource.net is a valuable tool for anyone looking to enhance their reading proficiency.
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References Begin Learning Team. (2020, September 28). Phonemic Awareness Activities For A Strong Reading Foundation . Begin Learning. https://www.beginlearning.com/parent-resources/phonemic-awareness-activities/ Carucci, A. (n.d.). FREEBIE! Word Mapping Template - Orthographic Mapping . TPT. Retrieved November 20, 2023, from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/FREEBIE- Word-Mapping-Template-Orthographic-Mapping-7405777? st=508bbe426e6becfa5a6bb690572ce9d8 Cooper, J. D., Kiger, N. D., & Robinson, M. D. (2012). Literacy: helping students construct meaning . Wadsworth. Cunningham, S. (n.d.). Schwa sort by vowel . TPT. Retrieved November 20, 2023, from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Schwa-Sort-by-Vowel-1441497? st=128a0714e0b3d44b0b69dbe2ede92fa4 Easybee Learning Tools. (2016). Best free vocabulary graphic organizers! Easybee. https://www.myeasybee.com/blogs/news/best-free-vocabulary-graphic-organizers EDraw. (2023). Vocabulary graphic organizer | free vocabulary graphic organizer templates . Www.edrawsoft.com. https://www.edrawsoft.com/template-vocabulary-graphic- organizer.html Hudson, H. (2016, July 13). Spelling hack: Teach phonics using pool noodles . We Are Teachers. https://www.weareteachers.com/heres-a-really-simple-way-to-teach-phonics-using-pool- noodles/ J David Cooper. (2018). Literacy : Helping students construct meaning . Cengage Learning.
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Kelley, S. (2021, September 30). 18 elementary comprehension activities . Education to the Core. https://educationtothecore.com/2021/09/18-elementary-comprehension-activities/ Learning Point Associates. (2004). A closer look at the five essential components of effective reading instruction: A review of scientifically based reading research for teachers . https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED512569.pdf Myers, M. (n.d.). Long i word sort i, ie, igh, y . TPT. Retrieved November 20, 2023, from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Long-i-word-sort-i-ie-igh-y-2350880? st=f7a36c329564476eba346eff5328b801 Pasillas, A. (2023, June 29). Graphic organizers . Superstar Worksheets. https://superstarworksheets.com/templates/graphic-organizers/ Reading Resource. (2009). Phonemic awareness activities . ReadingResource.net. https://www.readingresource.net/phonemicawarenessactivities.html#content_9469793 Scholastic. (2023). Product Detail Page . Teachables.scholastic.com. https://teachables.scholastic.com/teachables/books/Sentence-Fluency-Checklist-Mini- Lesson-Organizer-9780439572934_013.html Staake, J. (2020a, July 27). 18 fantastic reading fluency activities to build literacy in young readers . WeAreTeachers. https://www.weareteachers.com/reading-fluency-activities/ Staake, J. (2020b, August 3). 20 fun phonics activities and games for early readers . We Are Teachers. https://www.weareteachers.com/phonics-activities/ Staff, S. (2021). Download these free graphic organizer templates . Www.hmhco.com. https://www.hmhco.com/blog/free-graphic-organizer-templates
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Tanner, K. (2021, December 21). 18 valuable vocabulary activities for kids - teaching expertise . Teaching Expertise. https://www.teachingexpertise.com/classroom-ideas/vocabulary- activities-for-kids/ The Measured Mom. (2015, January 3). Blend & digraph bingo . The Measured Mom. https://www.themeasuredmom.com/help-child-learn-beginning-blends-digraphs-bingo/ Tornio, S. (2019, January 30). We love this unlock-and-learn game for practicing phonics, multiplication, geography & more . We Are Teachers. https://www.weareteachers.com/unlock-and-learn/
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