BB Step 7 Part 2 (pp. 154-165)
1.
Pg 15, When would you use a reversal design? How does a reversal design demonstrate a functional relationship?
Reversal design may be used with any behavior that is reversible and where the return of the behavior to baseline levels will cause no ill effects to the participants. It should be used only where no harm to the participants or others could possibly result. It is used most often when the independent variable is either some extrinsic reinforcement condition or consequence that has temporary effects. It also can be used in the study of biological variables such as vitamins, medications, or assistive devices as long as proper Medicaid controls are used.
It demonstrate a functional relationship by replicating the effects of the IV on the DV through baseline and intervention phase.
2.
List and describe each type of reversal design covered in this section of .
Each type of reversal design:
o
ABA design: included the baseline, intervention, and baseline again to show that when the procedure is applied, the behavior changes, and when it is withdrawn, the behavior returns to the pretreatment levels. o
BAB design: begins with a treatment rather than a baseline – treatment then baseline then treatment again. o
ABAB design: include the replication of both the baseline and treatment condition
3.
Pg 20-21
List and describe the three factors limiting reversal designs
Three factors limiting reversal designs are:
o
Stability: because a visual inspection of the data is the primary basis for drawing conclusions, each condition must be run until stability is achieved. o
Replicability of procedure and effect: to demonstrate experimental control, each procedure instituted should be later reinstituted, each time the procedure occurs, approximately the same effects must be seen. o
Sequence effects: if more than one treatment is introduced, the possibility for sequence effects is great. 4.
Pg 23-24
What are two methods that can be used to demonstrate control in a reversal design?
Two methods that can be used to demonstrate control in a reversal design are noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) and differential reinforcement of other behaviors (DRO).
BB 7C
1.
Describe when the reversal design is NOT applicable. (2 sentences)
The reversal design is not applicable when the behavior will not be reversible, such as acquisition behavior. Also, it is not applicable when the return of behavior to baseline levels will cause harm effects to participants,
for example, in the situation when behavior are face scratching, fire setting, or stealing. 2.
Why is the multiple baseline design described as the most versatile design?
Multiple baseline design described as the most versatile design since it can be used across vary behaviors, participants, and settings, even in the cases where the target behavior is nonreversible or when reversing behavior is unethical.
3.
Explain the difference between moving treatment arrangement and cumulative treatment arrangement.
Moving treatment arrangement: when the target behavior is the nonreversible type, the treatment condition is applied to one side of the baseline untile a stable effect is seen. In the moving treatment, the contingency is then removed from the first behavior and applied on the second, again, until stability is reached. Fall 2022
