Assignment 1- How your food choices affect the environment.

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Feb 20, 2024

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Thu Huong (Rosie) Nguyen - 007959133 Dr. J. Compton ECON 1010 – A04 February 1, 2023 The work submitted here is entirely my own, without input from other individuals, websites, or AI. (B) Discuss how the speakers use the concept of marginal decisions when discussing choices and the environment. Provide a specific example from the podcast. The concept of marginal decisions has been widely discussed by a variety of speakers and authors in the podcast. Marginal decisions are a way for us to better understand the consequences of our choices, the decisions that we make on a daily basis and how they have implications for our environment. Marginal decisions often require us to think outside of the box and weigh up potential risks and rewards. It is important to be aware of the long-term implications of our decisions, as they can have far-reaching effects on our environment, particularly climate change or global warming. During the discussion, the speakers underscored the importance of making small and marginal decisions in order to make a difference in the environment. They explained that seemingly small decisions can have an important cumulative effect on the environment. Such as: "the foods that you eat that are the most impactful for climate change", "then thinking about the quantities and maybe the frequency of those foods and for most people on average in the UK and the US, for example, that tends to be animal products”. We can reduce the impactful of climate change by adding "some fruit and vegetables and things that are more healthy and good for the planet at the same time". Moreover, the podcast hosts cite that choosing organic may reduce the amount of pollution caused by pesticides and fertilizers, or eating locally could lower the carbon footprint of food transportation. They also point out that sustainable food choices like avoiding single-use plastics can reduce human-made waste. Making informed decisions about purchasing habits can also help conserve resources and reduce pollution. These examples demonstrate how small decisions and adjustments can have positive impacts and also create a more sustainable for the society effect in the long run. (C) The speakers use a specific example (with research to back it up) about the ecological benefits of international trade as opposed to local production and consumption, which is surprising to many. What is the example they use and describe the argument. Interestingly enough, there is research that supports global trade as a more sustainable option. It’s a book by Mike Berners-Lee called "How bad are bananas?". Highlights the positive and negative impacts of international trade from an ecological perspective. He argues that international trade can help reduce emissions by allowing nations to specialize in what they are most efficient at producing and trading for other products. On the other hand, local production and consumption can reduce transportation needs, thereby reducing emissions and creating a greater sense of community and togetherness.

(D) How might policy makers adjust the incentives around food choices to align individual decisions with the goal of slowing climate change? In the podcast: "How your food choices affect the planet" by ZOE Editorial Staff, they discuss how policymakers can alter incentives around food choices to align individual decisions with the goal of environmental protection as the speaker mention: “ policy makers falling over themselves to come up with these plastic-free policies and, and ways of doing things” . Additionally, policymakers could impose taxes or increase subsidies on certain types of foods in order to influence consumer choices and offer tax breaks for people who choose to eat locally sourced foods or offer heavier subsidies for organic produce as opposed to non-organic produce. Additionally, they can provide incentives such as rewards or discounts to encourage people to make sustainable food choices. By offering incentives that are proportional to the effort required to make sustainable food choices, policymakers can create a system that encourages sustainable and eco-friendly practices. This involves the concept of marginal decisions, which states individuals are more likely to make eco-friendly decisions if they are rewarded proportionally with the amount of effort they put into it.

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