SCS 502 Milestone One

docx

School

Southern New Hampshire University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

502

Subject

Computer Science

Date

Jun 10, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by MasterCrownRook6

1 Reading and Summarizing SCS 502 Milestone One: Reading and Summarizing Oshea Wilcher Southern New Hampshire University SCS 502 Foundations- Research Methods Dr. James Noonan May 26, 2024

2 Reading and Summarizing This paper will be discussing the misuse of prescription drugs by adolescents. The three articles that we will discuss will show us how certain ethnic and racial differences can lead to prescription drug abuse, the influences of motivational context of drug abuse and related problems, and non-medical prescription drug abuse amongst young adults. In the article “Ethinc/Racial differences in Peer and Parent Influence on Adolescent prescription drug misuse” that was conducted by Conn and Marks (2014) discusses how certain ethnic and racial differences could lead to adolescents misuse of prescription drugs. It also discusses how parental figures and peers have an influence on the decisions adolescents make. The hypothesis for this article is that peer, parental influences, and income influence decisions that adolescents make which can then lead them to make the wrong choices and lead them down a path of misusing prescription drugs. The independent variable is the different races such as White, Hispanic, and African American adolescents. The dependent variable is the survey questions. The participants for this study were adolescents male and female between the ages of 12-17. They were chosen by using the National Survey on Drug use and Health. The methods used was the National survey on Drug and health use which took adolescents from all 50 states that self-identified as African American, Hispanic, or White American. “The data collection method used in NSDUH involves in-person interviews, incorporating procedures that are likely to increase respondents’ cooperation and willingness to report honestly about illicit behavior.” (Conn & Marks, 2014). They used this survey to ask participants a variety of questions which was based on a 3-point scale ranging from neither approve to strongly disapprove. The results of the study did support the hypothesis. The results were that adolescents who come from a family with more income was less likely to participate in the misuse of prescription drugs. They discovered that adolescents with parental disapproval were less likely to misuse drugs then those

3 Reading and Summarizing who parents showed less approval or no disapproval at all. Also, the article states that “in other words, white adolescents were more than twice as likely to report nonmedical tranquilizer use compared to non-white adolescents. Conversely, African American adolescents were almost 500% less likely to report nonmedical use of tranquilizers than their white and Hispanic peers. Additionally, although white adolescents were 70% more likely to misuse pain relievers than non-white adolescents, African American adolescents were 18% less likely to misuse pain relievers than their non-African American counterparts” (Conn & Mark, 2014). This means that adolescents who come from lower income homes have a higher chance of misusing drugs. It also supports the idea that adolescents need supportive and active parents. The next article “The Influences of motivational contexts on prescription drug misuse and related drug problems” by (Kelly et al, 2014) talks about the different reasons adolescents may turn to drugs. The researchers in this article were trying to find what positive or negative situations could lead an adolescent to start misusing drugs. They want to figure out what motivates people to misuse and what type of preventative measures can be taken to prevent this and what can be done to motive them to stop misusing drugs. The independent variable for this study is the different nightlife scenes in New York City. The dependent variable for this study is prescription drug misuse. The participants in this study were young adults between the ages of 18-29. They were chosen by using a time space sampling system, they used this in a wide range of nightlife scenes around New York City. They had employees ask patrons who came into the locations to take a survey. Once they took the survey it categorized if the patron fell into the study. “Upon completion of the survey, the software determined whether the individual was eligible for the study (9.4% of all those screened in venues were eligible)” (Kelly at al, 2014). The questions in the survey were about gender, race, sexual orientation, and if they have or had

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

4 Reading and Summarizing not used drugs. Once the survey was completed those who qualified were given more in-depth detail about the study and then asked if they would like to participate in the study. The Inventory of Drug Taking Situations or IDTS was used to help researchers learn the different reasons as to why the participants would misuse prescription drugs. Participants would then let researchers know what kind of prescription drugs they would use. The study did support the hypothesis because it shows a positive correlation between young adults going through negative situations showed an increase in drug abuse across all categories such as sexual orientations, gender, ethnicities, and social classes. Supporting evidence from previous studies also showed that young adults seemed to abused cocaine and ecstasy more than prescription drugs. Overall, the study does show that young adults were seen to misuse drugs more in negative situations than just for recreational purposes. The final article “Nonmedical prescription drug abuse among US young adults by educational attainment” by Martinas et al (2014) studied young adults who used prescription drugs for recreational purposes. Researchers were looking for how nonmedical prescription drug use by gender, race, and ethnicity had any effect on the participant’s educational level. The independent variable for this study is college attendance and the dependent variable for this study is young adults and nonmedical prescription drugs. The participants in this study were young adults between the ages of 18-22 years old. The study used the National Survey on Drug use and health public files, they collected data from 2008-2010 surveys. Researchers used 36,781 participants to conduct their research. According to Martinas et al (2014) Survey items were administered by computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) conducted by an interviewer and audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI). These systems were used to ask participants questions and for them to answer honestly about how they use or misuse drugs.

5 Reading and Summarizing Participants were also offered $30 to participate in the study. Participants were also asked about their social status and their drug habits. The hypothesis was supported by the research conducted in the study. The results of the study showed that participants who did not attend college were at greater risk to misuse drugs as those participants who did go to college were more likely to misuse stimulants. According to Martinas et al (2014) Among young adults with past-year nonmedical stimulant use, a similar pattern with educational attainment was seen. Past-year stimulant use disorder was more likely among those with lower educational attainment [less than high school education: 17.9 %, aOR 2.39 (1.35–4.12), completed high school/GED: 14.0 %, aOR 1.75 (1.02- 3.02)] compared to their college-attending peers. According to the researchers their data showed that gender really had no effect on the misuse of nonmedical prescription drugs. Although research did show that males were more likely to use than females were. Ultimately education played a major role in the misuse of nonmedical prescription drug use. Young adults who typically did not go to college were more likely to misuse drugs than those young adults that did go to college.

6 Reading and Summarizing References: Conn, B. M., & Marks. K. A. (2014). Ethnic/Racial Differences in Peer and Parent Influence on Adolescent Prescription Drug Misuse. J Dev Vehav Pediatr, 35(1), 257-265. Kelly, C. B., Redina, H. J., Vuolo, M., Wells, E. B., & Parsons, T. J. (2014). Influences of motivational contexts on prescription drug misuse and related drug problems. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 48(1), 49-55. Martinas, S. S., Kim, H. J., Chen, Y. L., Levin, D., Keyes, M. K., Cerda, M., & Storr, L. C. (2014). Nonmedical prescription drug use among US young adults by educational attainment. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 50(1), 713-724. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-014- 0980-3

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Related Documents

DNS Lab Submitted by Amir Sohel.docx

AI Midterm Lab Quiz 2_ Attempt review.pdf

230.pdf

Command Syntax Key: Understanding Command Line Syntax | Examples

CYB 230 Module Three Lab Worksheet Brandon Meadows 4.docx

CYB 240 Module Two Lab Worksheet Brandon Meadows2.docx

Project5.docx

CYB 240 Module Four Lab Worksheet Brandon Meadows.docx

7-2 Project Three Submission Evaluation of Network Protection Technologies Brandon Meadows.docx

Untitled document (14).docx

5-3-project-one-cyb220.pdf

A3-Ting Wei Chien(Willy).docx

Recommended textbooks for you

Fundamentals of Information Systems

Computer Science

ISBN:9781337097536

Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds

Publisher:Cengage Learning

MIS

Computer Science

ISBN:9781337681919

Author:BIDGOLI

Publisher:Cengage

Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course...

Computer Science

ISBN:9781305971776

Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds

Publisher:Cengage Learning

Fundamentals of Information Systems

Computer Science

ISBN:9781305082168

Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds

Publisher:Cengage Learning

Enhanced Discovering Computers 2017 (Shelly Cashm...

Computer Science

ISBN:9781305657458

Author:Misty E. Vermaat, Susan L. Sebok, Steven M. Freund, Mark Frydenberg, Jennifer T. Campbell

Publisher:Cengage Learning

Principles of Information Security (MindTap Cours...

Computer Science

ISBN:9781337102063

Author:Michael E. Whitman, Herbert J. Mattord

Publisher:Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS

Recommended textbooks for you

Fundamentals of Information Systems
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337097536
Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
MIS
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337681919
Author:BIDGOLI
Publisher:Cengage
Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781305971776
Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of Information Systems
Computer Science
ISBN:9781305082168
Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Enhanced Discovering Computers 2017 (Shelly Cashm...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781305657458
Author:Misty E. Vermaat, Susan L. Sebok, Steven M. Freund, Mark Frydenberg, Jennifer T. Campbell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Information Security (MindTap Cours...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337102063
Author:Michael E. Whitman, Herbert J. Mattord
Publisher:Cengage Learning