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Chemistry
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Jan 9, 2024
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QuesƟon 1 (Chapter 4.1):
Show the determinaƟon of the charge on the ion formed by the Se34 atom, the As33 atom and the Ge32 atom.
Answer:
Se34 (nonmetal = gain electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4
gain 2e → Se-2
As33 (nonmetal = gain electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p3
gain 3 → As-3
Ge32 (metal = lose electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2
lose 4 → Ge+4
QuesƟon 2:
(a)
H = 2.1
Li = 1.0 Be = 1.5 B = 2.0 C = 2.5 N = 3.0 O= 3.5 F = 4.0
Na = 1.0 Mg = 1.2 Al = 1.5 Si = 1.8 P = 2.1 S = 2.5 Cl = 3.0
K = 0.8 Ca = 1.0 Ga = 1.6 Ge = 1.8 As = 2.0 Se = 2.4 Br = 2.8
Using the electronegaƟviƟes from the table above, show the determinaƟon of the polarity of each different type of
bond in the following molecule:
H
−
C=O
|
H
Answer:
H-C bond electronegaƟvity difference = 2.5 - 2.1 = 0.4 <0.5
(bond is Nonpolar)
C-O bond electronegaƟvity difference = 3.5 - 2.5 = 1.0 1.6 - 0.5
(bond is Polar)
(b)
Using the electronegaƟvity values from the equaƟon bank, show the determinaƟon of the polarity of each different
type of bond in the following molecules:
1)
H−O−Cl−O
|
O
2)
H−C≡N
Answer:
1) Cl-O bond electronegativity difference = 3.5 - 3.0 = 0.5
(1.6 - 0.5 bond is Polar)
H-O bond electronegativity difference = 3.5 - 2.1 = 1.4
(1.6 - 0.5 bond is Polar)
2) C≡N bond electronegaঞvity difference = 3.0 - 2.5 = 0.5
(1.6 - 0.5 bond is Polar)
H-C bond electronegativity difference = 2.5 - 2.1 = 0.4
(< 0.5 bond is Nonpolar)
QuesƟon 3 (Chapter 4.3):
Choose the correct Lewis structure for ClO3 -1 from the opƟons listed below.
a)
..
..
..
-1
O::Cl:O
..
..
..
:O:
..
b)
..
..
..
-1
O:Cl:O
.. ..
..
:O:
..
c)
..
..
..
-1
O:Cl::O
..
..
..
:O:
..
d)
..
..
..
-1
O::Cl::O
..
..
..
:O:
..
Answer
: opƟon B
QuesƟon 4:
choose the correct Lewis structure for H2SO3 from the opƟons listed below.
a)
..
.. ..
b)
..
..
..
H:O::S:O:H
..
.. ..
:O:
..
H:O:S::O:H
.. ..
:O:
..
c)
..
..
..
H:O:S::O:H
..
..
..
:O:
..
d)
..
.. ..
H:O:S:O:H
..
.. ..
:O:
..
Answer: opƟon D
QuesƟon 5 (Chapter 4.4):
(a)
Determine the electron geometry and explain your answer for the Si atom in SiH4.
Answer:
The Si atom in SiH4 has 4 groups of electrons around it in its Lewis structure, therefore, its electron geometry
would be tetrahedral.
(b)
Determine the electron geometry and explain your answer for one of the C atoms in H2CCH2.
Answer:
Each C atom in H2CCH2 has 3 groups of electrons around it in its Lewis structure, therefore its electron geometry
would be triangular planar.
Answer:
a)
4 Groups of electrons around P = Tetrahedral Electron Geometry
Tetrahedral Electron Geometry = sp3 HybridizaƟon of P
3 atoms around central Tetrahedral atom = Triangular pyramid shape
P-H bond (2.1-2.1) is nonpolar = all nonpolar bonds = Nonpolar molecular polarity
b)
2 Groups of electrons around C = Linear Electron Geometry
Linear Electron Geometry = sp HybridizaƟon of C
2 atoms around central Linear atom = Linear shape
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CH bond (2.5-2.1) is nonpolar
C≡N bond (3.0-2.5) is polar = at least one polar bonds = Polar molecular polarity
QuesƟons 6 (chapter 4.6):
(a)
Determine the hybridizaƟon and explain your answer for the C atom in HCN.
Answer:
1S2 2S2 2P6
C atom in HCN has 2 groups of electrons around it in its Lewis structure, therefore its hybridizaƟon would be sp
(b)
Determine the hybridizaƟon and explain your answer for the Si atom in SiH4
Answer:
The Si atom in SiH4 has 4 groups of electrons around it in its Lewis structure, therefore, its hybridizaƟon would be
sp3
QuesƟon 7
(chapter 4.4)
:
Determine the shape and explain your answer for PH3
Answer:
The P atom in PH3 has four groups of electrons around it in its Lewis structure, therefore its electron geometry
would be tetrahedral but since there are only 3 atoms around the central P atom, the shape would be a triangular
pyramid.
H
−
P
−H
|
H
QuesƟon 8 (chapter 4.5):
H = 2.1
Li = 1.0
Be = 1.5
B = 2.0
C = 2.5
N = 3.0
O=3.5
F=4.0
Na = 1.0
Mg = 1.2
Al = 1.5
Si = 1.8
P = 2.1
S = 2.5
Cl = 3.0
K = .8
Ca = 1.0
Ga = 1.6
Ge = 1.8
As = 2.0
Se = 2.4
Br = 2.8
Use the electronegaƟviƟes above and your knowledge of the shape of PH3 to determine the molecular polarity of
PH3 explaining your answer in detail.
Answer:
The shape of PH3 is triangular pyramid and since the P-H bonds are all nonpolar, PH3 would be nonpolar since all
the bonds are nonpolar.
QuesƟon 9
(chapter 4.8)
:
Explain whether O2 is Polar, Ionic or Nonpolar then describe and explain whether it is soluble or insoluble in water.
Answer
: O2 has one nonpolar bond which makes in nonpolar and since it is nonpolar it is insoluble in water
QuesƟon 10
(chapter 4.8)
:
Arrange the following compounds in a verƟcal list from highest boiling point (top) to lowest boiling point (boƩom)
and explain your answer on the basis of whether the substance is Polar, Nonpolar, Ionic, Metallic or Hydrogen
bonding: Ar, NH3, Zn, HBr, NaBr.
(Note that you are not being asked to list the actual boiling points)
Answer:
NaBr
Zn
NH3
HBr
Ar
Related Questions
Chemistry: Form WS2.3.3B
Name
ATOMS
Date
Period
Électroi Dot Diagrams, Étc.
Electron dot diagrams are a useful way to show the arrangement of
outer electrons of an atom. They show valence electrons as dots at 12
o'clock, 3 o'clock, 6 o'clock, and 9 o'clock, and the rest of the atom,
known as the kernel, as a symbol.
It is useful to think of the outer shell as if it contained two
apartments, one with one bedroom and the other with three bedrooms.
Each bedroom has space for two occupants. Think of electrons as frugal
little fellows who do not like to share. Electrons will prefer to move
into the cheaper, one bedroom apartment if it is available even if it
means sharing a room with another electron. If the cheap apartment is
not available, they'll settle for the three bedroom apartment, but they
won't share a bedroom until the apartment becomes too crowded to
have a choice. As a result, the first space gets two electrons before any
of the other spaces get electrons. The next three spaces…
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Hey what’s the answer to this
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Pls help ASAP
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What is the Ksp expression for the ionic compound Li2CO3?
A. Ksp = [Li+][CO32-]B. Ksp = [Li+]2[CO32-]C. Ksp = 2[Li+][CO32-]D. Ksp = [Li2CO3]3E. None of the above
arrow_forward
Salt Formation & Formulas
K(s) + Br₂ (8)
K (s)
Li (s)
F2 (g)
+ F₂
+ N₂ (8)
Ca + Cl₂ (8)
(s)
Na 02 (8)
(s)
+
Al (s) + Cl₂ (g) →
potassium bromide
potassium fluoride
lithium nitride
calcium chloride
sodium oxide
aluminum chloride
2
3
4
5
6
7
ΤΑ
Using what you know about predicting ion charge, ionic
bonding, and the criss-cross technique, write neutral salt
product formulas for these synthesis equations.
2A
2
A
ú
Be
6.94 90122
12
Na
Mg
22990 24.305
K C 34
39.00 40.078 44.956
37
87
Fr
G B₁
13291 137.33
charge
3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B IIB 12B
3
10
11 12
H
(223) (236)
36 53-71 72
73
Hr Ta
74
178.49 180.95 183.84
88 99-103 104 105
P₂
Ra
Rf Db
Lanthanide
series
#Actinide
series
group A num
11 V
47367 50.942 51.996 54.938
43
& Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd CSSE
85.468 87.62 88.906 91.224 92.906 95.95
(9)
75
191.07 102.91 106.42 10787 11241 114.82 118.71 121.76 127 60
17 78
10 81
14
Os Ir P A H₂
186.21 190.23 192.22 195.08 196.97 20039 204.38
108 109 110 III 112 113
Bh Hs Mt Ds
Ca Nh
(270)
Pb N Pa At…
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The red color of rubies is the result of a substitution of some Cr³™
ions for Al3+
ions in solid Al203.
a. Using noble gas notation, write the electron configuration for the Chromium atom
and the Cr3+ ion.
3+
b. is the Crt ion para- or diamagnetic? Would it be attracted a magnetic field?
c. Compare the radius of the Cr" ion to a neutral Cr atom; which would have a
larger radius? Explain your answer in at least one sentence that mentions effective
nuclear charge.
arrow_forward
(11)
Try Again
Your answer is incorrect.
• BP: The name of this compound is not "boron phosphide". Be sure you know the correct names of all elements in this compound. Check the Periodic
Table if necessary.
• C3S2: Your answer is incorrect.
Fill in the systematic names of the following chemical compounds.
Note: for compounds containing hydrogen, you may give the common name instead.
molecular formula
BP
C₂S₂
CS₂
BI₂
H₂O
Explanation
Recheck
name of compound
boron phosphide
carbon subsulfide
carbon disulphide
boron triiodide
water
X
Ś
olo
Ar
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Using the periodic table as a guide, predict the chemical formula and name of the compound formed by the following elements:
Ga and F
Li and H
K and S
Ca and Br
K and CO32-
NH4 and SO42-
Mg and NO3 -1
Fe and OH-1
Give reasoning of the following questions:
a) A compound has formula CaX2. If anion of X has 18 electrons, what element is X? Which family does it belong to?
b) A compound has formula X3N2. Which group does X belong to? What is the charge on the ion of X?
c) A compound has formula X(NO3)3. If the cation of X has 12 electrons, what element is X?
Name the following compounds:
LiNO3
Sc2O3
NF3
Ag2SO4
PF5
NaI
SCl2
Ca(NO3)2
FeCl3
N2O4
HClO4 (aq)
Na3P
Write the chemical formulas for the following compounds
aluminum hydroxide
potassium sulfate
copper (I) oxide
zinc nitrate
mercury (II) bromide
iron (III) carbonate
sodium phosphate
cobalt (II) nitrate
copper (II) perchlorate
bromic acid
dichloroheptaoxide
chromium (III) nitride
sulfuric acid
lead(IV)…
arrow_forward
Using the periodic table as a guide, predict the chemical formula and name of the compound formed by the following elements:
Ga and F
Li and H
K and S
Ca and Br
K and CO32-
NH4 and SO42-
Mg and NO3 -1
Fe and OH-1
Give reasoning of the following questions:
a) A compound has formula CaX2. If anion of X has 18 electrons, what element is X? Which family does it belong to?
b) A compound has formula X3N2. Which group does X belong to? What is the charge on the ion of X?
c) A compound has formula X(NO3)3. If the cation of X has 12 electrons, what element is X?
Name the following compounds:
LiNO3
Sc2O3
NF3
Ag2SO4
PF5
NaI
SCl2
Ca(NO3)2
FeCl3
N2O4
HClO4 (aq)
Na3P
arrow_forward
Q13
In the formation of a compound A2B3,
two atoms of A lose three electrons each
while three atoms of B gain two
electrons each. Which of the following
statements is incorrect regarding
compound A2B3?
A2B3 will be insoluble in organic solvents
but soluble in water
0
High temperatures are to be supplied to
cause melting and boiling of A2B3
A2B2 will have an ordered arrangement
of its constituent species
A2B3 will conduct electricity in the solid-
0
state, molten state as well as in an
aqueous solution.
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I just want to understand why the charge on bromine is 1 positive. Wouldn't it be +3 because 7-(2+2)?
arrow_forward
type it
arrow_forward
Re-order each list in the table below, if necessary, so that the atoms or ions in it are listed in order of decreasing size.
atoms or ions
Br, Br, Cl
S, P, Na
Cl, Ar, Cl
atoms or ions in order
of decreasing size
0,0,0
0,0,0
0.0.0
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X
5
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esc
→>
Docun X
77°F
Mostly cloudy
?
W
2
Argum X
https://app.101edu.co
3+
Use Coulomb's law to calculate the energy in aJ of the following ions
to their equilibrium ion-pair separation distance: Fe³+ with radius 55
pm and P3 with a radius of 212 pm.
#
Life: Th X
13 *
3
f4
$
101
223.pd X M MyOpe X
4
f5
%
Q
5
D21 Home X Feedbe X Archive | Login
A1
f6
Question 6 of 35
6
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hp
&
7
18
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00
19
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1-An atomic cation with a charge of +2 has the following electron configuration: [He] 2s22p4
What is the chemical symbol for the ion?
How many electrons does the ion have?
How many 2s electrons are in the ion?
2-
Ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) is powerful solid rocket fuel, used in the Space Shuttle boosters. It decomposes into nitrogen (N2) gas, chlorine (Cl2) gas, oxygen (O2) gas, and water vapor, releasing a great deal of energy. Calculate the moles of chlorine produced by the reaction of 0.90mol of ammonium perchlorate. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and round it to the correct number of significant digits.
_____________
3-How many protons and neutrons are in an atom of Th-229 ?
Number of protons= ________
Number of neutrons= _______
4-
The chemical formula for beryllium sulfide is BeS.
A chemist determined by measurements that 0.055 moles of beryllium sulfide…
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How many p electrons does Sn2+ have in its outer shell?Select one:2 4 1 3
0
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Look at the following graph. Explain what trend you are observing and how it relates to atomic radius and 1st ionization energy. (How does ionization energy and atomic radius impact electronegativity?)
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Pls help ASAP on all PLS I REQUEST
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Which of the following ions has the largest radius?
Br-
S2-
B3+
Mg2+
Li+
arrow_forward
Re-order each list in the table below, if necessary, so that the atoms or ions in it are listed in order of decreasing size.
atoms or ions
Al, C1, S
Br, Br, Cl
Cl, Ar, Cl
atoms or ions in order
of decreasing size
0.0.0
0.0.0
0,0,0
X
Ś
olo
18
Ar
arrow_forward
Determine the total number of valence electrons for each
Part A
BF3
Express your answer as an integer.
ΑΣΦ
?
Submit
Previous Answers Request Answer
X Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining
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Please provide only typed answer solution no handwritten solution needed allowed
arrow_forward
The following two structures show the electron arrangements for two ions, N3 and NO₂.
-N=Ö
=N
:0
Indicate whether their shapes are closest to the shape caused by 2, 3, or 4 balloons. Using sticky notes, put a nitrogen note at the
center of the balloon shape as shown.
N
:0
N
Answer Bank
N
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Good morning, can you please check if I have the correct metals? Please see attachment for question.
arrow_forward
Re-order each list in the table below, if necessary, so that the atoms or ions in it are listed in order of decreasing size.
atoms or ions
+
Mg, Mg, Na
F, C1, C1
Kr, Br, Br
atoms or ions in order
of decreasing size
0.0.0
0,0,0
0.0.0
X
Ś
arrow_forward
Solve:
The average atomic mass for J = 65.96 amu
65.96 = 63.9296 ×6.744 + 65.9449 × 90.654 + 67.9113 × M + 66.9154 × (100− (M+6.744+90.654))/100
65.96 = 431.1412 + 5978.169 + 67.9113 M + 66.9154 × (2.602−M)/100
6596 =
MM=
The abundance of J−68 is
The abundance of J−67 is
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