Lab 7 Single(2)

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Jan 9, 2024

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Lab 7: Single Displacement Reactions Jernellee Palacio Chemistry 101 Professor Floruti October 17, 2023

Lab Partner: Carolyn Saad Introduction In this lab, we will be observing the single displacement reactions occurring when one metal displaces another metal in aqueous solution. We aim to determine the relative reactivity of metals whether a metal is strong or weaking by displacement. The metal that displaces the other metal is more reactive than the replaced metal. If the metal displaces the other metal, then it is called a single displacement reaction. However, if no displacement occurs then no reactions occur. We can conclude that the metal was not strong enough to displace the other metal. Abstract The purpose of this lab is to observe the displacement reaction occurring when one metal displaces another metal. Using strong and weak metals we will determine the “relative reactivity of metals”. We will combine metals in a test tube and record the results. If a metal is strong enough to displace another then we record the observational changes such as a distinctive color change, formation of a precipitate, the breakdown of a solid, gas formation, and temperature change. (Note- there were missing metals thus we experimented with available metals.) Materials Test tube rack, medium sized test tubes, test tube holder, transfer pipettes, watch glasses, wash bottle of deionized (DI) water Method- Procedure

Proper lab PPE -lab coat, goggles, long pants, closed toe shoes- must be always worn. Get five test tubes and place them in a test tube rack. Clean and rinse all test tubes - using distilled water for your final rinse. Label a test with its corresponding metal. Place about 1.5 to 2.0 mL of the called for solution into a test tube and the corresponding metal on a watch glass. Place metal and solution in test tube then carefully observe whether a reaction occurs. If a reaction occurs record the observed evidence and circle the more active metal or hydrogen for each reaction. If no reactions occur write NR. Repeat steps 3-6. At the end of the experiment, dispose of the solutions and the corresponding metals into the appropriate waste container. Clean all equipment and return it to its original location. Reactions Table Reaction Mixture Evidence of a Reaction Active Metal Zn+HCl White/ cloudy precipitate Zn Sn+HCl Bubbles formed Sn Cu+HCl Warm/Temperature change Cu Mg+HCl Hot/ Temperature change Mg Zn+Cu(NO3)2 Color change/ dark green Zn Sn+Cu(NO3)2 Mixture separated. Two layers. Sn Mg+Cu(NO3)2 Color change/ light blueish green Mg Balanced chemical equation Zn+2HC → ZnCl2+H2 Sn+2HCl → SnCl2+H2 Cu+2HCl → CuCl2+H2 NR Mg+2HCl → MgCl2+H2 Zn+Cu(NO3)2→ Zn(NO3)2+Cu

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Sn+Cu(NO3)2→ Sn(NO3)2+Cu Mg+Cu(NO3)2→ Mg(NO3)2 +Cu Conclusion In this lab, we learned the reactivity of metals. Single displacement reactions occur because a more reactive element displaces and less reactive element. The evidence of a single displacement reaction is a distinctive color change, precipitate, separation if mixture, gas formation and a temperature change.

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