ORANGE OIL LAB COMPLETE

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School

Toronto Metropolitan University *

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Course

142

Subject

Chemistry

Date

Feb 20, 2024

Type

pdf

Pages

3

Uploaded by sabashakil1050

Report
CHY 142 / CHY 224 / CKCH 143 REPORT FORM P REPARATION OF O RANGE O IL NAME: Saba Shakil Partner: Christina Mai Day: Wednesday Nov 1 Time: 1-4 pm Room: 217 Results: Weight of orange rind 9.55 g Bp range of steam distillate 94 - 98 ̊C Volume of steam distillate 78 - 80 mL Bp range of solvent evaporation 31 - 35 ̊C Literature bp range of solvent 34.5 ̊C Literature bp range of ( R )-limonene 176.0 - 178.0 ̊C Mass of essential oil of orange 0.6 g Percent recovery from orange rind 6.28 % (show calculations on reverse) Percent recovery from orange rind ??????? 𝑅???𝑣??? = ?𝑎?? ?? ?𝑖?????? 𝑅???𝑣???? ?𝑎?? ?? ??𝑎??? 𝑅𝑖?? ? 100 ??????? 𝑅???𝑣??? = 0.6 ? 9.55 ? ? 100 = 6. 28 % Refractive index of orange oil* Raw 1.3492 at 21 ̊C (show calculations on reverse) Corrected 1.34965 at 20 ̊C nDT (lit) = ndT(sample) + ((...*(T sample - T Literature) nDT(lit) = 1.3492 + ((0.00045 * (21.0 ̊C - 20.0 ̊C) nDT(lit)= 1.34965
Literature refractive index of ( R )-limonen e * show corrections : 1.4743 at 20 ̊C What does your refractive index reading indicate about the limonene content of your orange oil? The orange oil sample's refractive index reading of 1.34965 at 20°C shows that it is different from the literature value of 1.4743 for (R)-limonene at the same temperature.The amount that light is twisted as it travels through a substance is shown by a refractive index measurement. Variations in refractive index values indicate variations in a substance's purity or composition. In this instance, it appears that the orange oil sample is not pure (R)-limonene due to its lower refractive index reading when compared to the value reported in the literature. It probably contains more substances with various refractive indices.Although (R)-limonene may be one of the components of the orange oil, it is not it's only constituent. The difference in refractive index readings indicates the presence of contaminants or other elements in the oil.In order to have a more precise comprehension of the limonene concentration in the orange oil, additional examination or separation methods might be necessary to identify and measure the particular substances existent. If your orange oil is 95% limonene by mass, how many grams of limonene did you recover from the orange rind? Percent Recovery = (Mass of Limonene Recovered / Mass of Orange Rind) x 100.We know that the percent recovery is 6.28%, and the mass of the essential oil of orange is 0.6 g. Let "x" represent the mass of limonene recovered: 6.28 = (x / 0.6) x 100 First, divide both sides by 100 to isolate the fraction: 0.0628 = x / 0.6 Now, multiply both sides by 0.6 to find the mass of limonene recovered: x = 0.0628 * 0.6 x = 0.03768 g So, approximately 0.03768 grams of limonene from the orange rind was recovered.
References: [1]Merck. (R)-(+)-Limonene. Merck 2021, 1 (1). [2]. RUMBLE, R.J., (2018). Properties of Orange Oil , pp 95-98, 101, Handbook of Chemistry andPhysics, CRC Press, Ryerson University. [3]YANDELL, W.O. & GOPALAN M.K., (2017).Determination of Purity through Refractometry. pp 46-48. University of Calgary, Canada.
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