23F BISC208 Week 6 Heart and Circulation question set

docx

School

University of Delaware *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

208

Subject

Biology

Date

Jan 9, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by ChefMule2045

23F BISC208 Week 6 – The Heart and Circulation Lab Assignment Instructions: Type your answers directly into this document and change the color or bold the text to make your answers stand out . Save your assignment as a PDF and submit it to the appropriate assignment on Canvas, due by 11:59pm, the day after your lab meets. Double check your submission to ensure you uploaded the correct, complete file to the Canvas assignment. You can resubmit the assignment if needed, though the late penalty will apply if you submit after the due date/time. Part A. The heart and circulation 1. Label the following structures on your external image(s) of the heart: vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta. Insert the labeled images below. (1 pt) 2. Label the following structures on your internal image(s) of the heart: right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, left atrium, bicuspid (mitral) valve, left ventricle, aortic valve. Insert the labeled images below. [If you were unable to visualize the aortic or pulmonary valve, you may use an arrow to indicate where each is located] (1.5 pts)

3. a. Which of the 4 chambers contain deoxygenated blood, and which contain oxygenated blood? (0.5 pt) a. The right side of the heart which contains the right atrium and the right ventricle contains deoxygenated blood while the left side of the heart which contains the left atrium and left ventricle contains oxygenated blood. 4. Out of the vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, and aorta, which vessels contain deoxygenated blood, and which contain oxygenated blood? (0.5 pt) a. The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood to the heart’s right atrium. The pulmonary arteries pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from lungs to the left atrium of the heart. The aorta carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. 5. Report the thickness of the right and left ventricles, as measured in lab. Which one was thicker, and why? (1 pt) a. The wall of the left ventricle was thicker than the right. The left ventricle measured 4 cm in thickness while the right was 1.5 cm thick. The left ventricle is thicker because it pumps blood out to all parts of the body, while the right ventricle doesn’t need as much pressure because the blood is only going a short distance to the lungs. 6. There are several diseases or problems that can arise in the heart. For each of the following diseases/problems, briefly explain the effect of each (why it is a problem). You may look up information to answer this question, but remember that your answer needs to be in your own words. Do not copy information or provide direct quotes. (3 pts) a. A heart murmur, which occurs when a valve does not fully close i. A malfunction in a valve not closing fully can cause back flow where the blood flows backward into the valve. Back flow of blood can lead to arrhythmias and increases the risk of infective endocarditis. b. A disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which leads to a thickening and stiffening of the walls of the left ventricle i. The stiffness and thickening make it harder for the ventricle and heart to pump blood to the entire body. This increases blood pressure as the heart needs to work harder to try to push blood through the body. This affects the heart and extremities of the body as well. c. A heart attack, or myocardial infarction, which occurs when blood clots block blood vessels that deliver blood to the heart muscle i. If the blood clots prevent the blood from reaching the heart, and without blood being pumped there is a lack of oxygen. This causes damage to the heart muscle and can cause the heart organ to die. Part B. Histological study of vessels and blood 7. Insert your image of an artery and vein and label these two vessels. (0.5 pt)

8. What are two structural differences between the artery and vein? What is the reason for these differences? (1 pt) a. Arteries have thicker walls of muscle tissue, while the veins are thinner and have valves that maintain blood flow. This is because a higher pressure is needed in the arteries to pump the blood through the body. Veins are thinner and have valves that propel the blood to the heart with the reduced pressure in the veins, the one-way valves prevent any backflow. 9. Insert your images of normal human blood, sickle cell blood, and frog blood. Be sure to label which image each one is. (0.75 pt) 10. Why do the misshapen red blood cells caused by sickle cell anemia cause health problems? (0.5 pt) a. The misshapen cells caused by sickle cell anemia are unable to bend and that can cause blockages. This causes health issues because tissues in the body are unable to receive the needed oxygen. 11. Describe three visible differences between human blood and frog blood, as seen on the slides. (0.75 pt) a. The main difference is that human red blood cells lack a nucleus while frog blood cells contain them. Normal human blood cells are round and regular in shape, while frog blood cells are more elliptical. Frog red blood cells are much larger than human red blood cells. Part C. Homeostatic control of blood oxygen levels 12. Briefly describe what happened to heart rate and SpO 2 during exercise vs at rest. Did SpO 2 levels change as drastically as heart rates? (1 pt) a. During exercise the heart rate steadily increased and SpO2 steadily dropped. At rest the SpO2 remained constant and while the heart rate fluctuated a bit. SpO2 levels do not change as drastically as heart rates. 13. What happened to your breathing rate during exercise? Why does this happen? (0.5 pt) a. Your breathing rate increases during exercise. This happens because when you exercise your muscles have to work harder and your body uses more oxygen and produces more carbon dioxide. So, your breathing rate increases so your body can get more oxygen to make more energy. 14. Why is it important for the body to maintain relatively constant blood oxygen levels (homeostasis) even during exercise? How does it accomplish homeostasis? (1.5 pts) a. It is important that homeostasis is maintained during homeostasis because your body needs to make sure it is meeting its metabolic demand for oxygen so you can continue to make energy. The body accomplishes homeostasis by pumping the heart faster to provide the rate of blood flow necessary to meet the body's metabolic demand for oxygen. The body increases breathing rate, heart rate, and sweat production to maintain homeostasis.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Related Documents

The Respiratory Quiz-3 (1).docx

Chi Square Genetics 2022.pdf

bio exam.docx

Art and Science part 2.docx

Exercise 5.4 Procedure 1.pdf

Karyotyping Activity.docx

Case Study II - Emma Scott.docx

Bio350 Lab 13 Quiz Answer Key.docx

diffusion-across-a-semi-permeable-membrane-lab-worksheet.pdf

Amino Acid Lab Write-up 1.docx

Fly-CURE Lab Report Questions.docx

23S+BISC207+Week+4+DNA+Isolation+Question+Set.pdf

Recommended textbooks for you

Principles Of Pharmacology Med Assist

Biology

ISBN:9781337512442

Author:RICE

Publisher:Cengage

Essentials Health Info Management Principles/Prac...

Health & Nutrition

ISBN:9780357191651

Author:Bowie

Publisher:Cengage

3-2-1 Code It

Biology

ISBN:9781337660549

Author:GREEN

Publisher:Cengage

Understanding Health Insurance: A Guide to Billin...

Health & Nutrition

ISBN:9781337679480

Author:GREEN

Publisher:Cengage

Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol

Nursing

ISBN:9781305143531

Author:CURREN

Publisher:Cengage

Complete Textbook Of Phlebotomy

Biology

ISBN:9781337464314

Author:Hoeltke

Publisher:Cengage

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS

Recommended textbooks for you

Principles Of Pharmacology Med Assist
Biology
ISBN:9781337512442
Author:RICE
Publisher:Cengage
Essentials Health Info Management Principles/Prac...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9780357191651
Author:Bowie
Publisher:Cengage
3-2-1 Code It
Biology
ISBN:9781337660549
Author:GREEN
Publisher:Cengage
Understanding Health Insurance: A Guide to Billin...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781337679480
Author:GREEN
Publisher:Cengage
Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol
Nursing
ISBN:9781305143531
Author:CURREN
Publisher:Cengage
Complete Textbook Of Phlebotomy
Biology
ISBN:9781337464314
Author:Hoeltke
Publisher:Cengage