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Exam 5 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7ccn2g 1. Universal precautions The concept of treating all sam- ples, whether known or un- known, as poten- tially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials 2. A lab researcher would be sure to note the following observations while assessing an unknown microbe Size and shape, motility, Gram sta- tus, the presence of chemical re- actions, changes in color localized to the organism or the surrounding media, and cap- ture/draw an im- age of all these characteristics 3. While observing an unknown sample of limited amounts, a researcher must determine motility and Gram status using the same sample. What would you determine first and why? Motility because Gram staining re- quires the sam- ple be fixed which would kill the or- ganism and then you can't observe motility 4. Facultative anaerobe A microorganism capable of growth under aerobic and anaerobic condi- tions 5. False, they are used to subdi- 1 / 4

Exam 5 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7ccn2g True or false: the Lancefield groups are used to subdi- vide antigenic groups of alpha-hemolytic Steptococ- cus vide beta-hemolyt- ic Strep 6. The distinctions for Lancefield groupings lie in its Carbohydrate composition of antigens 7. Rheumatic fever displays (blank) hemolytic activity and occurs when (blank) is left untreated Beta, strep. pharyngitis 8. True or false: under most circumstances, staphylo- coccus can be found in ~80% of the human population where it remains non-symptomatic False, its ~30% 9. Define commensal bacteria It neither harms nor benefits from the host from which it obtains nutrients 10. How can Staphylococcus be differentially tested? They are capable of growth in the presence of bile salts (MSA agar) 11. True or false: Staphylococcus is the only causative agent of conjunctivitis False, there are some viral forms 12. True or false: TB is best identified by a Gram stain False, it is best identified by an acid-fast stain 13. True or false: you can become infected with TB simply by sharing a drink with someone who is currently infected with TB False 14. Identify the disease based on the following: it is a small, acid-fast rod usually remaining asymptomatic Leprosy/Hansen's disease 2 / 4

Exam 5 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7ccn2g for up to 20 years. It affects the skin, nerves, upper respiratory tract, and eyes of infected individuals 15. True or false: only directly ingesting the pre-formed Clostridium toxin (neither the bacteria nor its spores) will cause disease in adults True 16. While visiting his grandparents, a 10-year-old child has been given green beans for dinner that were har- vested from his grandparents' garden and canned the previous year. Severe illness sets in and the child is taken to the hospital. Botulism is suspected, but what form? Explain Foodborne botu- lism because he's too old for it to be infant and it's not a wound so the green beans were probably im- properly canned 17. True or false: there are currently no cures for tetanus True 18. Define gas gangrene Identify the medi- al condition char- acterized by ro- bust carbohydrate fermentation un- der anaerobic con- ditions, swelling of the infected areas, an fever 19. The alpha toxin perfringolysin is associated with which medical condition caused by Gram positive anaerobic bacteria? Gas gangrene 20. You developed a fever, chills, and pneumonia after recently returning from a getaway weekend where you sat in a hot tub. What disease would a doctor suspect? Would the doctor suspect you got it from another person? Legionaires and no 21. Trur or false: pnuemonic plague is often characterized by painfully swollen lymph nodes False, it targets the respiratory system 3 / 4

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Exam 5 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7ccn2g 22. Which form of the plague is the most rare? What does it target? Septicemic plague and it targets the blood system 23. What disease has a bullseye rash? Lyme disease 24. Syphillis is caused by Gram negative spirochete 25. True or false: chlamydia is an obligate parasite and can be grown on agar plates alone False, it needs host cells to grow 26. Untreated gonorrhea leads to Cardiac and neu- rological complica- tion 27. Untreated syphilis leads to Paralysis, blind- ness, and demen- tia 28. Untreated chlamydia leads to Infertility and pelvic inflammato- ry disease 4 / 4

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