Protein_Synthesis_Practice_Jan_2024_1706641367955_sc

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A) codon B) gene C) polypeptide D) nucleotide 1. A sequence of three nitrogenous bases in a messenger-RNA molecule is known as a A) adenine B) uracil C) cytosine D) guanine 2. Which base is normally used in the synthesis of RNA but not in the synthesis of DNA? Base your answers to questions 3 and 4 on the information and Universal Genetic Code Chart below and on your knowledge of biology. A) UGA-UAU-CGA-GGA-GUU-GCG-CUC-UAG B) UAG-UAU-CGA-GGA-GUU-GCG-CUC-AUG C) AUG-UAU-CGA-GGA-GUU-GCG-CUC-UGA D) UAA-CUC-UUA-UUU-GUU-CGA-UAU-UAA 3. The messenger RNA sequence that is most likely to produce a functional protein is A) UAU-CGA-GUU-UUU-UUA-CUC B) UAU-CGA-GGA-GUU-GCG-CUC C) CUC-GCG-GUU-GGA-CGA-UAU D) CUC-UUA-UUU-GUU-CGA-UAU 4. The messenger RNA sequence that codes for the amino acid chain TYR-ARG-GLY-VAL-ALA-LEU is

5. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents a step in protein synthesis. A) A-T-C-G-G-A-T B) A-U-C-G-G-A-U C) T-A-G-C-C-T-A D) U-T-C-G-G-U-T If a sequence of nitrogenous bases on DNA strand I is T-A-G-C-C-T-A, the corresponding sequence on the RNA will be

6. Base your answer to the following question on the chart below and on your knowledge of biology. Fill in the missing mRNA bases and the amino acid sequence that corresponds to the DNA base sequence below.

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A) bacteria have a greater percentage of thymine and adenine than cytosine and guanine B) percentage of adenine is greater than the percentage of guanine in all the organisms C) mammals have a greater percentage of guanine and cytosine than adenine and thymine D) percentage of purines is almost equal to the percentage of pyrimidines in all the organisms 7. The data table below summarizes the percentage composition of samples of DNA taken from several species of organisms. One conclusion that can be made based on this data table is that the A) It changes every time it replicates. B) It determines the characteristics that will be inherited. C) It is exactly the same in all organisms. D) It directly controls the synthesis of starch within a cell. 8. The type of molecule represented below is found in organisms. Which statement correctly describes the sequence of bases found in this type of molecule? A) DNA, only B) Messenger RNA, only C) Transfer RNA, only D) DNA, messenger RNA, and transfer RNA 9. Which nucleic acid carries instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm? A) messenger RNA, transfer RNA, DNA, polypeptide B) DNA, messenger RNA, polypeptide, transfer RNA C) transfer RNA, polypeptide, DNA, messenger RNA, DNA D) DNA, messenger RNA, transfer RNA, polypeptide 10. The correct order of molecules involved in protein synthesis is

11. Complete the chart below by identifying two cell structures involved in protein synthesis and stating how each structure functions in protein synthesis. 12. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of a cell below. Describe how structures 1 and 2 interact in the process of protein synthesis. 13. Base your answer to the following question on the passage below and on your knowledge of biology. Inherited instructions control the color patterns of snakes. Some snakes that are not poisonous have colors that resemble the patterns on poisonous snakes. Predators avoid eating harmless snakes that have color patterns similar to those of the poisonous snakes. The results of a recent study indicate that predators in areas that have only harmless snakes do not avoid attacking snakes that have color patterns similar to poisonous snakes. Identify the structure that contains the inherited instructions that determine the different color patterns in these snakes.

Base your answers to questions 14 through 16 on the diagram below of a biochemical process and on your knowledge of biology. A) nucleus B) cytoplasm C) lysosome D) vacuole 14. The synthesis of structure X occurred in the A) leucine B) glycine C) valine D) histidine 15. Which amino acid would be transferred to the position of codon CAC? A) nucleolus B) ribosome C) chloroplast D) mitochondrion 16. The biochemical process represented in the diagram is most closely associated with the cell organelle is known as the

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17. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents some biochemical reactions involved in a cellular process. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 The molecule coded directly from DNA is represented by number 18. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which provides information related to heredity. The type of molecule in box A serves as a template. Explain what this means.

19. Animal cells utilize many different proteins. Discuss the synthesis of proteins in an animal cell. Your answer must include at least: • the identity of the building blocks required to synthesize these proteins • the identity of the sites in the cell where the proteins are assembled • an explanation of the role of DNA in the process of making proteins in the cell

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