New_Chapter 3 - Homework
pdf
keyboard_arrow_up
School
Middlesex County College *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
256
Subject
Astronomy
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
Pages
2
Uploaded by JusticeStarOryx36
Chapter 3 Homework - Stellar and Galactic Astronomy
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1)
Which person below developed a system for predicting planetary positions that remained in use
for some 1500 years?
1)
A)
Tycho Brahe
B)
Galileo
C)
Ptolemy
D)
Copernicus
E)
Kepler
2)
The Ptolemaic model of the universe:
2)
A)
is the basis of our modern cosmology.
B)
explained and predicted the motions of the planets with deferents and epicycles.
C)
always kept Mars and Mercury between the Earth and Sun.
D)
could not account for the stellar parallax observed by Hipparchus.
E)
describes the orbits of the planets as being ellipses, not circles.
3)
Which person below discovered that the orbits of planets are ellipses?
3)
A)
Galileo
B)
Ptolemy
C)
Tycho Brahe
D)
Kepler
E)
Copernicus
4)
The point along a planet's orbit where it is closest to the Sun is called the orbit's
4)
A)
period.
B)
eccentricity.
C)
semimajor axis.
D)
perihelion.
E)
aphelion.
5)
Which of these was NOT a telescopic discovery of Galileo?
5)
A)
the craters and mare of the Moon
B)
the moons of Saturn
C)
sunspots and the rotation of the Sun
D)
the four largest moons of Jupiter
E)
the phases of Venus
6)
What is meant by Occam's Razor
?
6)
A)
the idea that a well
-
designed experiment can help us decide between two competing models
B)
the fine line between science and pseudoscience
C)
the idea that scientists should prefer the simpler of two models that agree equally well with
observations
D)
the idea that scientific models should not invoke supernatural explanations
E)
the shaving implement of a medieval scholar
1
7)
Kepler's second law implies what about planetary motion?
7)
A)
A planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun.
B)
A planet moves slower when it is closer to the Sun.
C)
A planet moves faster when it is farther from the Sun.
D)
This law implies nothing about a planet's motion.
E)
A planet moves at a constant speed during its orbit of the Sun.
8)
According to Kepler's third law (
p
2 =
a
3
), if a planet were discovered with an average distance
from the Sun of 100 AU, its period would be
8)
A)
1000 years
B)
10,000 years
C)
Not enough information to say
D)
1 million years
9)
What, if anything, is wrong with the planetary orbit shown?
9)
A)
The shape of the orbit is not an ellipse, as Kepler's first law requires.
B)
There is nothing wrong with this orbit; it is fine as shown.
C)
The Sun is not at one focus, as Kepler's first law requires.
D)
The orbital path violates Kepler's third law.
10)
Which of the following statements about scientific models is true
?
10)
A)
A model tries to represent all aspects of nature.
B)
All models that explain nature well are correct.
C)
A model tries to represent only one aspect of nature.
D)
All current models are correct.
E)
A model can be used to explain and predict real phenomena.
11)
Which of the following statements about Kepler's laws is true
?
11)
A)
Kepler's laws provide mathematical descriptions of the motion of the planets.
B)
Kepler's laws tell us the precise sizes and distances of all the planets.
C)
Kepler's laws explain how gravity is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the Sun.
D)
All of the above are true.
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
12)
How did Ptolemy explain the retrograde motion of Mars?
2
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help