PSY-470 Case Study
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Jorge Case Study
Kaylee Collins
College of Humanities and Social Sciences PSY-470: Abnormal Psychology
Dr. Davey
October 29, 2023
Jorge Case Study
Someone who excessively uses alcohol may display withdrawal symptoms and an
increased tolerance. In order to achieve the desired effects, the individual must consume more
alcohol due to their growing accustomed to it. Furthermore, when they decide to quit drinking,
this is when withdrawal symptoms start to manifest. Within hours of discontinuation, the person
may experience significant discomfort and nausea. They may also encounter tremors in their
eyes, hands, and tongue. Increased heart rate may result from vomiting due to excessive
perspiration. In general, an individual undergoing alcohol withdrawal may become profoundly
unhappy, experience sleep disturbances, feel anxious, and become agitated (Comer & Comer,
2021).
DSM Diagnostic Codes and Symptoms
Based on Jorge's comprehensive explanation, it appears that he may be struggling with
Alcohol Use Disorder, a condition encompassing alcohol-related medical issues characterized by
alcohol dependence or abuse (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Concerns about Jorge's
safety stem from his family's observations regarding his drinking habits. Earlier this year, Jorge
suffered an injury due to a fall, which highlighted his lack of control over his alcohol
consumption. These actions suggest a possible mild alcohol dependence disorder. While Jorge
was willing to discuss his situation with a therapist, he expressed a readiness to suppress his
emotions regarding his behavior. Additionally, he stated that he only agreed to meet with a
therapist to alleviate his son's concerns about his recent drinking-related accident. Jorge
disclosed that he typically begins drinking in the middle of the day, consuming a six-pack of beer
by evening, often opening another six-pack afterward. He drinks the same amount whether he is
alone or in the company of others, believing it doesn't indicate a drinking problem because he
never experiences hangovers the next day. This lack of hangovers may be a sign of tolerance, as
his body has adapted to the alcohol's effects, which is a symptom of alcohol use disorder (Farren,
Hill, & Weiss, 2012). The conversation then shifted to Jorge's work life, revealing that he is
currently on medical leave from his job. His son noted several dysfunctions related to his father's
inability to work and the divorce, which affected their family dynamics due to Jorge's drinking.
Jorge became defensive when his son mentioned the divorce and made a reference to Jack
Daniels. These issues have caused significant concerns for the family, as they are linked to the
conflicts that have arisen as a result of Jorge's drinking habits.
Cultural Factors
Jorge's Latino background seems to be a significant factor contributing to his drinking
issues and his hesitance to seek treatment. He has explained that he was raised in a Mormon
household during his upbringing. Culture can exert a substantial influence on people in various
aspects of life, such as daily routines, perspectives on others and oneself, and even the choices
made for leisure and recreation. Evidently, there is a direct link between an individual's values
and their moral compass. Consequently, the societal context in which we reside plays a pivotal
role in shaping our decision-making processes.
Treatment plan
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Effective treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) necessitates a comprehensive
understanding of the patient's personality and the interplay of biological, psychological, and
social factors contributing to their alcohol dependency. Prolonged alcohol withdrawal can lead to
psychological complications, with a small subset of patients experiencing delirium tremens,
colloquially known as "the DTs" (Comer & Comer, 2021). It is evident that Jorge is not currently
receiving the necessary treatment for his alcoholism. Treatment options may encompass
individual or group therapy, outpatient programs, or residential stays. In my view, a combination
of behavioral and pharmaceutical treatments should be administered to Jorge to address his
unique needs. This approach involves identifying his situation, helping him regain control over
his life, and offering guidance and counseling. Within a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
framework, Jorge can develop coping strategies to manage his drinking and identify triggers that
lead to alcohol dependence. This process not only aids in controlling stress levels but also equips
him to avoid these triggers in the future. Family counseling can also play a vital role in
rebuilding trust with his son and involving him in the recovery journey. The primary goals of
treatment are to prevent alcohol misuse and enhance the overall quality of life. It's essential to
recognize that AUD is associated with high rates of medical and psychiatric comorbidity and
early mortality (Kendler & Myers, 2012). Modifying Jorge's daily routine and considering his
social environment are crucial steps in helping him overcome alcohol dependence. Everyone
around him should understand his struggle with alcohol, forming a supportive network to aid in
his recovery. Despite potential cultural barriers, there remains hope for Jorge to receive the help
he needs. Treatment options can vary based on individual needs, offering a range of possibilities
for addressing alcoholism.
Conclusion
Several factors contribute to Jorge's symptoms, including cultural influences that shape
his treatment options. His family, including his sons and those in his immediate social circle, are
genuinely concerned about his well-being. Jorge's journey to overcoming alcohol abuse began
with his acknowledgment of the problem, and therapy can guide him through recovery. Even if
he were initially unaware of the issue, the people in his life may have inadvertently condoned his
excessive drinking. It's important to note that not all alcohol consumption is inherently bad;
however, moderation is key. In summary, awareness, recognition, and acknowledgment of a
problem represent significant steps toward addressing and overcoming it. This self-awareness is
a pivotal starting point on the path to recovery.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual
of mental disorders
(5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric
Publishing.
Comer, R.J., & Comer, J.S. (2021). Abnormal Psychology (11
th
ed). Worth
Publishers. MacMillian International. ISBN-13: 978-1-319-38298-8.
Farren, C.; Hill, K.; & Weiss, R. (2012) Bipolar Disorder and Alcohol Use
Disorder: A Review. Kendler, K. & Myers, J. (2012). Clinical Indices of Familial
Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcoholism:
Clinical and Experimental Research, Vol.
36, Iss. 12, pp. 2126 – 2131.
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