4-2 Final Project Part A (1)

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Anthropology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Hello, A lot of changes are being made in the healthcare sector and one of such is a paradigm shift from a volume- based payment plan (fee for service) to a value- based payment plan (fee for value /quality of service). A volume-based reimbursement plan refers to the payment received by a health care provider for services
rendered to a patient in which the type or quality of service does not determine the amount the provider receives. The volume- based care accounts for why healthcare providers rush through patients so as to attend to many patients without giving the best care possible because the more
patients they attend to, the more money they will receive and made them focus on speed (so as to attend to a large number of patients) as a measure of success rather than the quality of service they offered. The value-based payment plan on the other hand focuses on the quality care rendered at the
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lowest cost to patients. A shift to value-based care was necessary so as to ensure that patients get the best of care at a lowest cost. The model I have selected is the Comprehensive ESRD Care Model. “The Comprehensive ESRD Care (CEC) Model is designed to identify, test, and evaluate new ways
to improve care for Medicare beneficiaries with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)” (CMS.gov, 2020). CMS established the Comprehensive ESRD Care model to test a new system of payment and care delivery that will lead to better health outcomes for Medicare beneficiaries living with ESRD, while lowering
costs to Medicare Parts A and B. CMS through the CEC Model is expected to partner with health care providers and suppliers to test how effective this new model will be in providing beneficiaries with person- centered, high- quality care. The Model builds on Accountable Care Organization experience from the
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Pioneer ACO Model, Next Generation ACO Model, and the Medicare Shared Savs 4-2 Final Project Part A submission: Interview Preparation Michelle Beste ATH-101 Prof Busby February 2, 2024
I. Defining Anthropology: Simply put anthropology is the study of what makes us human. More specifically it is the systematic study of human societies and cultures and their development. It has a goal of understanding our evolutionary origins, our distinctiveness as a species, and our diversity across the world and through time. It is divided into four subfields: archaeology, biological, cultural, and linguistic. Archaeology studies historical populations and cultures. Biological anthropology focuses on evolution, genetics, and human health. Cultural anthropology examines aspects of cultural life and communities. Linguistic anthropology studies language in society. A complete picture or perspective of a culture or groups actions can only be obtained by combining all four of these subfields. Having knowledge from all perspectives helps to eliminate bias or incorrect assumptions of past and present cultures. II. Anthropological Perspective: Anthropological perspective focuses on the study of the scope of human diversity and the application of that knowledge to help people of different backgrounds. Anthropology perspective helps understand what humans do and how they interpret their own actions and worldviews.
A. Global cultural crises: Anthropology aides in the ability to be able to understand other people's culture and historical factors that shape human behavior and societies. By having an anthropological perspective, it can help with conflicts that result from differing cultures and help develop effective solutions to the problems and crises that we face as a global community. When COVID-19 hit different countries responded in different ways. One study revealed that “people in Europe had the least knowledge of COVID-19 and lowest tendency to care about the coronavirus, while people in the United States had the lowest tendency to comply with public health restrictions. People in the Middle East and Asia were the most aware of COVID-19 and were the most afraid of the coronavirus” (How cultural differences shape responses to covid-19 2021). Anthropology was a factor in this study because the goal was to explore cross- cultural differences in fear, knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards the virus. B. Biological crises: Anthropology can define possibilities for action on population health. It can provide insight into why public health interventions succeed or fail. “A biological anthropologist studying the social behaviors of a monkey species in South America may not only observe how they interact with one another, but also how physical adaptations, foraging patterns, ecological conditions, and habitat changes also affect their behaviors” (Introduction to Biological Anthropology). C. Environmental crises: Anthropology perspective is important in environmental crises because it helps in understanding changes in our environment. A good example of this is climate change where the study has important precursors in environmental anthropology and the anthropology of energy. III. Historical Perspective:
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A. An example of a historical anthropological contribution that has helped legitimize the field in the present day is the work of Franz Boas. Boas was a German-American anthropologist who is considered to be the father of modern anthropology. He is known for his work on the relationship between culture and race. B. An example of a cultural group that uses its past to inform everyday life is the Jewish community. This is through religious practices, holidays and festivals, dietary laws, and ethnic values that have been acknowledged and practiced for thousands of years. C. People can be products of their familial past in multiple ways, both direct and subtle. They may be influenced by their family’s history such as trauma or inherit their family’s values, beliefs, and traditions which often impact their assumptions about what is right and wrong. D. While communal or regional past can impact a person’s sense of identity, values, and beliefs you do not have to become a product of that environment. Not all people that grow up in a violent environment for example are going to end up being violent people themselves.
References What is anthropology? https://anthropology.ucdavis.edu/undergraduate/what-is-anthropology Why anthropology matters https://www.easaonline.org/publications/policy/why_en#:~:text=Rather%2C%20a %20professional%2C%20or%20scientific,worlds%20on%20their%20own%20terms . Anthropology in public health emergencies: what is anthropology good for? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5873540/#R18 Climate Change https://www.anthroencyclopedia.com/entry/climate-change The Effects of Family Culture on Family Foundations https://cof.org/content/effects-family- culture-family-foundations#:~:text=Both%20in%20direct%20and%20subtle,traditions%20of %20their%20family%20culture . How cultural differences shape responses to COVID-19 https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/how-cultural-differences-shape-responses- covid-19-334233 Introduction to Biological Anthropology https://pressbooks.calstate.edu/explorationsbioanth2/chapter/1/#:~:text=For%20example%2C %20a%20biological%20anthropologist,changes%20also%20affect%20their%20behaviors .