Anthropology 240: Engaging Quiz on Evolution and Fossils

Anthropology 240 Quiz 6 Q1.) Fossils that we have found show us that Earth .... Answer: Has had a great variety of plants, animals and simpler life forms that have lived in the past, That life forms evolve through time, and Most of the organisms that lived on Earth's past have become extinct Q2.) A phylogeny is... Answer: A hypothesis of ancestor descendent relationships. Q3.) A character state that is shared between two DNA sequences or taxa that was present in a shared ancestor is called a .... Answer: A homology or Synapomorphy Q4.) Convergent Evolution is... Answer: Independent evolution of the same trait due to same ancestral condition but no common ancestor Q5.) An example of a polyphylectic group with a homoplasy from lecture would be... Answer: Bats and Birds Q6.) A good example of a plesiamorph, that is a trait that is homologous (that is there is a shared ancestor) within a particular group of organisms but is not unique to members of that group, is .... Answer: Vertebrae in Zebras, Cheetahs and Orangutans Q7.) Opposable thumbs are an apomorphy Answer: True

Q8.) When you have similar phenotypes arising in two different groups due to similar environmental pressures like we see in the streamlined bodies of sharks and dolphins we call that .... Answer: Convergent Evolution Q9.) When biologists say one should use parsimony when making a tree, they mean what? Answer: That less evolutionary steps are better than more steps to explain relationships Q10.) Hybridization is ...and occurs usually due to... Answer: The crossing of two different species and is usually the result of a creature not being able to find others of its same species to mate with Q11.) The ultimate driver of genetic variaiton is... Answer: Mutation, gene flow, natural selection, genetic drift Q12.) Say you find a set of ancient Mayan pottery and you are curious when it comes from. What dating technique might work best on this kind of substance? Answer: Luminescence dating Q13.) Pseudofossils are... Answer: Are misinterpretations of rocks that look like true fossilized remains and are a result of impressions or markings on rock, and can even be the result of the way other inorganic materials reacts with the rock Q14.) The reason biologists say that race is culturally constructed is... Answer: Because there is no single gene that codes for a specific "race"

Q15.) Radiation from an element .... Answer: Occurs when the atom releases energy as it goes from an unstable state to a stable state. Q16.) When an unstable radioactive element changes into a stable element it releases radiation at a predicable rate. Answer: True Q17.) Evolution works on people not populations Answer: False Q18.) The Slow Loris is a type of primate that researchers recently theorized mimic what other kind of animal for protection? Answer: A Cobra Q19.) Evolutionary scientists argue that many organisms "coevolve" over time. Some examples of this are... Answer: Predator and prey, Hosts and parasites, and A fruit eating bird and the fruit itself Q20.) The reason anecdotal evidence is useless scientifically is because... Answer: People can be paid to say what they are saying- think advertisements where famous people are paid to say things or "studies" that are backed by specific corporations, Anecdotal evidence is based upon one person's experience not on experimental data, and Anecdotal evidence is not falsifiable- meaning it does has the possibility of being proven wrong by scientific testing and more data. Q21.) Evidence of human evolution you can find on your own body includes...

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Answer: Wiggling of ears, Goosebumps, and The Palmaris longus muscle in our wrists Q22.) Genetic variation... Answer: Increases the chances that some will survive Q23.) Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium describes ..... and is .... Answer: Populations that are not evolving and is very rare Q24.) The branching patterns that make up a phylogenetic tree are not usually observed directly, rather they are inferred from data Answer: True

Anthropology240Quiz6

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