9.1_Vertebrate Evolutionary History

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Biological Anthropology Vertebrate Evolutionary History
Deep Time
Vertebrate Evolutionary History Geological Time Scale Divides up Deep Time Eras: Pre-Cambrian (before 570 mya) Paleozoic (570 225 mya) Mesozoic (225 65 mya) Cenozoic (65 mya present) Period » Epoch
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Pre-Cambrian First fossil life appears Appearance of prokaryotic cells bacteria 3.7 bya ( stromatolite ) Appearance of eukaryotic cells 1.2 bya
Paleozoic 570 225 mya Trilobites, worms, jellyfish, other invertebrates Fish Jawed fishes First amphibians Reptile radiation and mammal-like organisms
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Mesozoic 225 65 mya Dinosaurs appear “Great Age of Dinosaurs” Egg-laying mammals appear Dinosaurs disappear Placental and marsupial mammals appear
Cenozoic 65 mya present “Age of Mammals” Divided into epochs: Paleocene: 65 - 55 mya Eocene: 55 - 34 mya Oligocene: 34 - 23 mya Miocene: 23 - 5 mya Pliocene: 5 - 1.8 mya Pleistocene: 1.8 mya - 10,000 Holocene: 10,000 - present
Adaptive Radiation of Mammals Dinosaurs disappear, leaving many adaptive niches Mammals diversify (adaptive radiation)
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